Python正則表達式通用解決方案

Question

我需要將此字符串拆分爲字典，看起來像這樣。請注意，字符串中的鍵的順序可能不一樣。

String = 'Specialty: "Neurology: Neurology, NeuroScience", Profession: Nurse Practitioner, Source: TestSource' 

Dict = { 'Specialty': "Neurology: Neurology, NeuroScience", 'Profession': 'Nurse Practitioner', 'Source': 'TestSource' } 

這個問題的正則表達式解決方案將不勝感激。

Answer 1

最簡單的將是一個適當的解析器，像pyparsing（pip install pyparsing）：

from pyparsing import * 

text = 'Specialty: "Neurology: Neurology, NeuroScience", Profession: Nurse Practitioner, Source: TestSource' 

word = Word(alphas) 
key = word + Suppress(':') 
words = Combine(word + ZeroOrMore(" " + word)) 
value = (QuotedString('"')^words) + Optional(Suppress(', ')) 

dictionary = dictOf(key, value) 

print dictionary.parseString(text).asDict() 
# => {'Source': 'TestSource', 'Profession': 'Nurse Practitioner', 'Specialty': 'Neurology: Neurology, NeuroScience'} 

我們定義了一個語法，一個word定義爲一系列的字母，一個key作爲一個單詞後跟一個冒號（我們將不考慮），words作爲由一個單詞組成的字符串，可能包含多個用空格分隔的單詞，value作爲單詞或用雙引號括起來的字符串（可能以逗號（我們不想要）結尾），以及將dictionary作爲鍵和值對的列表。然後我們讓解析器做它的事情。

編輯：但我想，如果你真的想要一個正則表達式的解決方案...

print {m[0]: m[1] or m[2] 
    for m in re.findall(r'([^,:\s]+): (?:"([^"]*)"|([^,]+))', text)} 

Answer 2

您需要將這種方式：

def create_dict(string, splitter=',', dict_splitter=':'): 
    _dict = {} 

    temp = ([s for s in string.split(splitter)]) 

    for item in temp: 
     key = item.split(dict_splitter)[0] 
     value = item.split(dict_splitter)[1] 
     _dict[key] = value 

    return _dict 

string = 'Specialty: "Neurology; Neurology NeuroScience", Profession: Nurse Practitioner, Source: TestSource' 

_dict = create_dict(string) 

for k, v in _dict.items(): 
    print(k, '\t', v) 


# Output must be like this 

# Specialty "Neurology; Neurology NeuroScience" 
# Profession Nurse Practitioner 
# Source  TestSource