如何找到在一個文本文件中的表達和處理所有行，直到表達式的下一次出現，並重復，直到文件

Question

我有一個文本文件的末尾：

Some comment on the 1st line of the file. 

processing date:   31.8.2016 
amount:     -1.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     1234.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 1 
additional info:   Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY 



processing date:   30.8.2016 
amount:     -2.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     12345.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 2 
additional info:   Amount: 2.23 EUR 28.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY 



processing date:   29.8.2016 
amount:     -3.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     123456.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 2 
additional info:   Amount: 2.23 EUR 27.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY 

我需要處理的文件，以便我將在右側的值中存儲在MySQL數據庫中的值爲31.8.2016,-1.23,EUR,1234.56等。

我只實現返回任一1次出現的其中包含一個特定的字符串或者使用find或find_all的所有行的行，但這是不夠的，因爲我不知何故需要確定塊開頭「處理日期：」和結束與「附加信息：」並處理那裏的值，然後處理下一個塊，然後處理，直到文件結束。

任何提示如何實現這一目標？

Answer 1

我這個啓動：

File.foreach('data.txt', "\n\n") do |li| 
    next unless li[/^processing/] 
    puts "'#{li.strip}'" 
end 

如果「data.txt中」包含您的內容，foreach將讀取該文件，並返回段落，而不是線條，文字的li。一旦你有了這些，你可以根據需要操縱它們。這非常快速且高效，並且不具有可擴展性問題readlines或任何基於I/O的I/O都可能具有的可擴展性問題。

這是輸出：

'processing date:   31.8.2016 
amount:     -1.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     1234.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 1 
additional info:   Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY' 
'processing date:   30.8.2016 
amount:     -2.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     12345.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 2 
additional info:   Amount: 2.23 EUR 28.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY' 
'processing date:   29.8.2016 
amount:     -3.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     123456.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 2 
additional info:   Amount: 2.23 EUR 27.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY' 

您可以通過包裝'看到該文件是在塊或"\n\n"劃定的段落則每塊被脫除尾隨空白被讀取。

有關更多信息，請參閱foreach文檔。

split(':', 2)是你的朋友：

'processing date:   31.8.2016'.split(':', 2) # => ["processing date", "   31.8.2016"] 
'amount:     -1.23'.split(':', 2) # => ["amount", "     -1.23"] 
'currency:    EUR'.split(':', 2) # => ["currency", "    EUR"] 
'balance:     1234.56'.split(':', 2) # => ["balance", "     1234.56"] 
'payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212'.split(':', 2) # => ["payer reference", "   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212"] 
'type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 1'.split(':', 2) # => ["type of the transaction", " Some type of the transaction 1"] 
'additional info:   Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY'.split(':', 2) # => ["additional info", "   Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY"] 

從，你可以做：

text = 'processing date:   31.8.2016 
amount:     -1.23 
currency:    EUR 
balance:     1234.56 
payer reference:   /VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212 
type of the transaction: Some type of the transaction 1 
additional info:   Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY' 

text.lines.map{ |li| li.split(':', 2).map(&:strip) }.to_h 
# => {"processing date"=>"31.8.2016", "amount"=>"-1.23", "currency"=>"EUR", "balance"=>"1234.56", "payer reference"=>"/VS123456/SS0011223344/KS1212", "type of the transaction"=>"Some type of the transaction 1", "additional info"=>"Amount: 1.23 EUR 29.08.2016 Place: 123456789XY"} 

有許多的辦法，繼續解析信息到更多的可用數據，但是這對你身材出。