我是一名初學者,並且不太熟悉C++,但我對這門語言有所瞭解,因此我希望編寫一款國際象棋遊戲。但是因爲我想在這個遊戲中使用圖像,所以我研究了Allegro 5進行編程。我想出了一個(不完全當然)頭文件到遊戲中的每個棋子初始化:Visual C++和Allegro5:無法從頭文件中識別抽象類中的對象
Piece.h
#pragma once
#include <allegro5/allegro.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_native_dialog.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_primitives.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_image.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Piece
{
private:
int pieceX;
int pieceY;
bool inGame;
char pieceColor;
string imgAddress;
ALLEGRO_BITMAP *pieceImage;
public:
Piece(int pieceX, int pieceY, bool inGame, char pieceColor, string imgAddress)
{
this->pieceX = pieceX;
this->pieceY = pieceY;
this->inGame = inGame;
this->pieceColor = pieceColor;
this->imgAddress = imgAddress;
pieceImage = al_load_bitmap(imgAddress.c_str());
}
int getPieceX()
{
return pieceX;
}
int getPieceY()
{
return pieceY;
}
bool isInGame()
{
return inGame;
}
char getPieceColor()
{
return pieceColor;
}
string getImageAddress()
{
return imgAddress;
}
void setPieceX(int newx)
{
pieceX = newx;
}
void setPieceY(int newy)
{
pieceY = newy;
}
void setinGame(bool newingame)
{
inGame = newingame;
}
void setImageAddress(string newimgaddr)
{
imgAddress = newimgaddr;
}
void reloadImage()
{
pieceImage = al_load_bitmap(imgAddress.c_str());
}
Piece(void)
{
}
~Piece(void)
{
}
};
和其他一切將在主類,國際象棋處理。 CPP
#include <allegro5/allegro.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_native_dialog.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_primitives.h>
#include <allegro5/allegro_image.h>
#include "Piece.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int SIDELENGTH = 50;
const int ROWCOLSPAN = 8;
const int WINDOW_WIDTH = (SIDELENGTH * ROWCOLSPAN) + 240;
const int WINDOW_HEIGHT = (SIDELENGTH * ROWCOLSPAN) + 40;
const float FPS = 60;
const int MAXPIECES = ROWCOLSPAN * 2;
const int MAXSPACES = ROWCOLSPAN * ROWCOLSPAN;
setupBoard(Piece [MAXPIECES], Piece [MAXPIECES], char [MAXSPACES]);
int main()
{
ALLEGRO_DISPLAY *gameDisplay;
if (!al_init()) cout << "Failed to load Allegro 5 for Chess++..." << endl;
gameDisplay = al_create_display(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
al_set_window_title(gameDisplay, "Chess++");
if (!gameDisplay) cout << "Couldn't create Allegro 5 display for Chess++..." << endl;
al_init_primitives_addon(); //allows to load primitives
al_install_keyboard(); //allows for keyboard use*/
al_install_mouse(); //installs the mouse to be able to use it
al_init_image_addon(); //prepares image loading
ALLEGRO_EVENT_QUEUE *gameQueue = al_create_event_queue(); //queue that receives events and acts them in order
al_register_event_source(gameQueue, al_get_keyboard_event_source()); //registers keyboard events to be recognized within event_queue
ALLEGRO_KEYBOARD_STATE keyState;
ALLEGRO_TIMER *gameTimer = al_create_timer(1.0/FPS);
al_register_event_source(gameQueue, al_get_keyboard_event_source()); //registers keyboard events to be recognized within event_queue
al_register_event_source(gameQueue, al_get_timer_event_source(gameTimer)); //registers a timer to work within event_queue
al_register_event_source(gameQueue, al_get_display_event_source(gameDisplay)); //registers the window to be able to give it events
al_register_event_source(gameQueue, al_get_mouse_event_source()); //register the installed mouse
bool gameOver = false;
bool draw = false;
bool quitclose = false;
int X = 0;
int Y = 0;
Piece blackPieces[MAXPIECES];
Piece whitePieces[MAXPIECES];
//The 8 by 8 board with the pieces; lowercase for black, uppercase for white
char chessboard[] = "rnbqkbnr\n"
"pppppppp\n"
"--------\n"
"--------\n"
"--------\n"
"--------\n"
"--------\n"
"PPPPPPPP\n"
"RNBQKBNR";
//setupBoard(blackPieces, whitePieces, chessboard);
al_start_timer(gameTimer); //starts the specified timer
gameloop:
while(!gameOver)
{
ALLEGRO_EVENT gameEvents; //create receiver for events
al_wait_for_event(gameQueue, &gameEvents); //waits for an event from event_queue to be passed on to ALLEGRO_EVENT events
if (gameEvents.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_KEY_UP/*DOWN*/)
{
}
else if (gameEvents.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_DISPLAY_CLOSE)
{
quitclose = true;
gameOver = true;
}
else if (gameEvents.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_MOUSE_AXES) //determines the movement of the mouse coordinates
{
}
else if (gameEvents.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_MOUSE_BUTTON_DOWN) //if a mouse button is pressed
{
}
if (gameEvents.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER)
{
draw = true;
}
if (draw)
{
draw = false;
int squareX = 20;
int squareY = 20;
bool colorchange = true;
for (int i = 1; i <= MAXSPACES;i++)
{
ALLEGRO_COLOR squarecolor = al_map_rgb(255, 255, 255);
if (!colorchange) squarecolor = al_map_rgb(0, 100, 0);
al_draw_filled_rectangle(squareX, squareY, squareX + SIDELENGTH, squareY + SIDELENGTH, squarecolor);
squareX += SIDELENGTH;
if (i % ROWCOLSPAN != 0) colorchange = !colorchange;
if (i % ROWCOLSPAN == 0)
{
squareY += SIDELENGTH;
squareX = 20;
}
}
al_flip_display();
al_clear_to_color(al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); //clears the canvas (display) like Java's repaint()
}
}
if (quitclose)
{
int quit = al_show_native_message_box(gameDisplay, "CHES++: QUIT", "ARE YOU SURE YOU WANNA QUIT?", "Please select YES or NO", NULL, ALLEGRO_MESSAGEBOX_YES_NO);
if (quit == 0)
{
gameOver = false;
goto gameloop;
}
}
al_destroy_display(gameDisplay);
/*cin.sync();
cout << "\n\nPress any key to finish...";
cin.get();*/
return 0;
}
void setupBoard(Piece bp[MAXPIECES], Piece wp[MAXPIECES], char cb[])
{
int barrindex = 0;
int warrindex = 0;
int x = 20;
int y = 20;
for (int i = 0; i < MAXSPACES; i++)
{
if (cb[i] == 'r')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/br.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'n')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/bn.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'b')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/bb.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'q')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/bq.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'k')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/bk.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'p')
{
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/bp.png");
barrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'R')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wr.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'N')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wn.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'B')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wb.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'Q')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wq.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'K')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wk.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == 'P')
{
wp[warrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'w', "images/wp.png");
warrindex++;
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == '-')
{
x += SIDELENGTH;
}
if (cb[i] == '\n')
{
y += SIDELENGTH;
x = 20;
}
}
}
之前添加setupBoard()函數和兩個物品(blackPieces和whitePieces),我的程序將運行,它會顯示一個漂亮的「棋盤」,這是用快板的原始基本上64畫正方形庫,所以我想我已經安裝了庫和正確的驅動。但我得到的錯誤是我夠不着的地方:
首先,setupBoard是無效的,只是爲了修改其他變量來組織代碼。然而,智能感知給我一個錯誤:
this declaration has no storage class or type specifier
我不
#include "Piece.h"
得到一個錯誤,但在陣列blackPieces和whitePieces的聲明,我得到identifier "Piece" is undefined
裏面的setupBoard功能在底部Chess.cpp,我通過char數組cb讀取,它來自棋盤,它具有特定的字符以將棋子放置在棋盤上。和取決於哪個字符,一塊對象被動態地分配給其相應的片陣列,這樣的:
bp[barrindex] = new Piece(x, y, true, 'b', "images/br.png");
然後整數控制該板的x和y被相應地增加以繪製他們在不同的地方。然而,雖然有似乎除了new Piece(
,我猜是因爲錯誤2沒有錯誤,我得到這個錯誤:
error C2679: binary '=' : no operator found which takes a right-hand operand of type 'Piece *' (or there is no acceptable conversion)
我敢肯定,我一定是錯誤的分配,但我不知道怎麼樣,我從來沒有這種錯誤。現在,我總是可以嘗試用Java或C#做一個國際象棋遊戲,但是我想用C++做一些類似的遊戲(我認爲邏輯是讓人工智能與語言知識無關)。請,如果有人知道如何解決這些錯誤,我會非常感謝!
謝謝!這很奏效。我已經改變了Pieces變量數組,如下所示: 'Piece * blackPieces [MAXPIECES]; 件* whitePieces [MAXPIECES];' 併爲它工作我改變了函數調用,'setupBoard(* blackPieces,* whitePieces,棋盤);' 而導致改變的參數:'空隙setupBoard(片* bp [MAXPIECES],Piece * wp [MAXPIECES],char cb [])' 和對象分配不同:'* bp [barrindex] = Piece(x,y,true,'b','images/br '; – gfcf14 2013-04-24 02:08:18
但是由於我在編寫getter函數返回ALLEGRO_BITMAP(intellisense表示函數返回的是一個不完整類型)時遇到了問題,我在Chess.cpp文件中創建了兩個更多的數組: 'ALLEGRO_BITMAP * whiteImages [MAXPIECES]; ALLEGRO_BITMAP * blackImages [MAXPIECES];' 這將setupBoard()之後被加載,這樣的: '的for(int i = 0; I getImageAddress()c_str())。 whiteImages [i] = al_load_bitmap(whitePieces [i] - > getImageAddress()。c_str()); }' –
gfcf14
2013-04-24 02:09:02
我沒有錯誤的代碼,但是當我運行它時,我得到這個: 'Chess.obj:error LNK2019:unresolved external symbol「void __cdecl setupBoard(class Piece * const,class Piece * const, char * const)「(?setupBoard @@ YAXQAVPiece @@ 0QAD @ Z)在函數_main中引用 您認爲什麼可能是錯誤? – gfcf14 2013-04-24 02:09:39