Python讀取日誌文件並獲取包含特定單詞的行

Question

我有日誌文件（以YYMMDD格式命名），我想創建一個只從文件獲取重要信息的腳本（如包含「O： NVS：VOICE「）。我從來沒有用過Python，所以請幫忙！

Answer 1

這應該讓你開始很好：

infile = r"D:\Documents and Settings\xxxx\Desktop\test_log.txt" 

important = [] 
keep_phrases = ["test", 
       "important", 
       "keep me"] 

with open(infile) as f: 
    f = f.readlines() 

for line in f: 
    for phrase in keep_phrases: 
     if phrase in line: 
      important.append(line) 
      break 

print(important) 

這絕不是完美的，例如有沒有異常處理和模式匹配，但是你可以很容易地添加這些吧。看看正則表達式，這可能比詞組匹配更好。如果您的文件非常大，請逐行讀取以避免MemoryError。

輸入文件：

This line is super important! 
don't need this one... 
keep me! 
bla bla 
not bothered 
ALWAYS include this test line 

輸出：

['This line is super important!\n', 'keep me!\n', 'ALWAYS include this test line'] 

注：這是Python的3.3。如果您使用2.7，則需要修改打印語句（刪除括號）。

Answer 2

你需要知道如何loop over files in a directory，regular expressions to make sure your log file format matches to file you are looping over，how to open a file，how to loop over the lines in the open file和how to check if one of those lines contains what you are looking for。

這裏有一些代碼讓你開始。

with open("log.log" 'r') as f: 
    for line in f: 
     if "O:NVS:VOICE" in line: 
      print line