我正在使用Python 3.2.3的urllib.request
模塊下載谷歌搜索結果,但我得到一個奇怪的錯誤,在urlopen
與谷歌搜索結果鏈接,但不是谷歌學術搜索。在此示例中,我正在搜索"JOHN SMITH"
。此代碼成功打印HTML:爲什麼urlopen可以下載Google搜索頁面而不是Google Scholar搜索頁面?
from urllib.request import urlopen, Request
from urllib.error import URLError
# Google
try:
page_google = '''http://www.google.com/#hl=en&sclient=psy-ab&q=%22JOHN+SMITH%22&oq=%22JOHN+SMITH%22&gs_l=hp.3..0l4.129.2348.0.2492.12.10.0.0.0.0.154.890.6j3.9.0...0.0...1c.gjDBcVcGXaw&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=dffb3b4a4179ca7c&biw=1366&bih=649'''
req_google = Request(page_google)
req_google.add_header('User Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:15.0) Gecko/20120427 Firefox/15.0a1')
html_google = urlopen(req_google).read()
print(html_google[0:10])
except URLError as e:
print(e)
但是這個代碼,做同樣的谷歌學術,提出了一個URLError
例外:
from urllib.request import urlopen, Request
from urllib.error import URLError
# Google Scholar
try:
page_scholar = '''http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=%22JOHN+SMITH%22&btnG=&as_sdt=1%2C14'''
req_scholar = Request(page_scholar)
req_scholar.add_header('User Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:15.0) Gecko/20120427 Firefox/15.0a1')
html_scholar = urlopen(req_scholar).read()
print(html_scholar[0:10])
except URLError as e:
print(e)
回溯:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/ak5791/Desktop/code-sandbox/scholar/crawler.py", line 6, in <module>
html = urlopen(page).read()
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 138, in urlopen
return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 369, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 387, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 347, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 1155, in http_open
return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPConnection, req)
File "/usr/lib/python3.2/urllib/request.py", line 1138, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno -5] No address associated with hostname>
我獲得這些鏈接由在Chrome中搜索並從那裏複製鏈接。一位評論者報告了403錯誤,我有時也會這樣做。我認爲這是因爲Google不支持Scolar的刮蹭。但是,更改用戶代理字符串不會修復此或原始問題,因爲大部分時間我都得到URLErrors
。
我得到一個403(禁止),這可能意味着Google不希望你從Scholar搜索中獲取信息。服務條款可能會禁止這一點(我沒有檢查它們)。 – 2012-07-14 14:02:51
@SvenMarnach我更新了問題,因爲我嘗試更改用戶代理字符串。有時我得到一個'URLError',有時候我得到了一個403錯誤。但是,大部分時間我都能找到前者。 – 2012-07-14 14:27:19