查找值

Question

相同的字典我有字典像下面

dict1 = {'a':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'b':{'a':30, 'b':40}, 'c':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'd':{'a':30, 'b':40}} 

然後在下面的詞典兩本字典是一樣的，所以預期的結果就會像下面

result = [['a','c'],['b','d']] 

Answer 1

>>> seen = {} 
>>> dict1 = {'a':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'b':{'a':30, 'b':40}, 'c':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'd':{'a':30, 'b':40}} 
>>> for k in dict1: 
     fs = frozenset(dict1[k].items()) 
     seen.setdefault(fs, []).append(k) 


>>> seen.values() # note: unordered 
[['a', 'c'], ['b', 'd']] 

如果需要秩序：

>>> from collections import OrderedDict 
>>> dict1 = {'a':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'b':{'a':30, 'b':40}, 'c':{'a':20, 'b':30}, 'd':{'a':30, 'b':40}} 
>>> seen = OrderedDict() 
>>> for k in sorted(dict1): 
     fs = frozenset(dict1[k].items()) 
     seen.setdefault(fs, []).append(k) 


>>> seen.values() 
[['a', 'c'], ['b', 'd']] 

注意：此代碼目前在Python 2/3上交叉兼容。在Python 2上，您可以通過使用.iteritems()而不是.items()

Answer 2

快速：第一個獲取不同的值，然後列出理解。

>>> values = [] 
>>> for k in dict1: 
    if dict1[k] not in values: 
     values.append(dict1[k]) 


>>> values 
[{'a': 20, 'b': 30}, {'a': 30, 'b': 40}] 
>>> [[k for k in dict1 if dict1[k] == v] for v in values] 
[['a', 'c'], ['b', 'd']]