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我在單元測試中遇到了@autowired問題。 這裏是相關類和XML文件：Spring數據JPA環境中的JUnit自動裝配問題
服務類：
@Service(value = "statusService")
public class StatusService implements DefaultService<Status> {
@Autowired(required = true)
private StatusRepository statusRepository;
public void save(Status value) {
statusRepository.save(value);
}
}
接口：
public interface DefaultService<T> {
@Transactional
void save(T value);
}
（我也測試了非通用接口，但結果是一樣的。）
測試類：
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"**/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml", "**/WEB-INF/hibernate-context.xml"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)
@Transactional
public class StatusServiceTest
{
@Autowired
private StatusService statusService;
@Test
public void test()
{
Status s = new Status();
s.setDescription("desc");
s.setStatus("status");
statusService.save(s);
}
}
應用程序上下文：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<!-- Scans the classpath for annotated components that will be auto-registered as Spring beans.
For example @Controller and @Service. Make sure to set the correct base-package-->
<context:component-scan base-package="at.jba.ticketbox" />
<jpa:repositories base-package="at.jba.ticketbox.repositories" />
<!-- Activates various annotations to be detected in bean classes -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- Configures the annotation-driven Spring MVC Controller programming model.
Note that, with Spring 3.0, this tag works in Servlet MVC only! -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- Load Hibernate related configuration -->
<import resource="hibernate-context.xml" />
</beans>
Hibernate的-上下文
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
">
<context:property-placeholder location="/WEB-INF/spring.properties" />
<!-- Enable annotation style of managing transactions -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<!-- Declare the Hibernate SessionFactory for retrieving Hibernate sessions -->
<!-- See http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/javadoc-api/org/springframework/orm/hibernate3/annotation/AnnotationSessionFactoryBean.html -->
<!-- See http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/stable/core/api/index.html?org/hibernate/SessionFactory.html -->
<!-- See http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/stable/core/api/index.html?org/hibernate/Session.html -->
<!-- <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource"
p:configLocation="${hibernate.config}"
p:packagesToScan="at.jba.ticketbox"/> -->
<!-- Declare a datasource that has pooling capabilities-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driver}"
p:url="${jdbc.url}"
p:username="${jdbc.username}"
p:password="${jdbc.password}"
/>
<!-- Declare a transaction manager-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
p:entityManagerFactory-ref="entityManagerFactory" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<!-- JPA Entity Manager Factory -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource"
p:persistenceXmlLocation="META-INF/persistence.xml"
p:persistenceUnitName="springJpaPersistenceUnit_TEST" />
<!-- bean post-processor for JPA annotations -->
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
</beans>
和堆棧跟蹤：
INFO : org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - @TestExecutionListeners is not present for class [class at.jba.ticketbox.service.interfaces.DefaultServiceTest]: using defaults.
INFO : org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext - Refreshing [email protected]afe611: startup date [Tue Mar 13 15:19:44 CET 2012]; root of context hierarchy
INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Pre-instantiating singletons in org.s[email protected]5543bd5c: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0]; root of factory hierarchy
ERROR: org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframewor[email protected]4ad70ab0] to prepare test instance [[email protected]]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'at.jba.ticketbox.service.interfaces.DefaultServiceTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private at.jba.ticketbox.service.StatusService at.jba.ticketbox.service.interfaces.DefaultServiceTest.sr; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [at.jba.ticketbox.service.StatusService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:374)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private at.jba.ticketbox.service.StatusService at.jba.ticketbox.service.interfaces.DefaultServiceTest.sr; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [at.jba.ticketbox.service.StatusService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
... 26 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [at.jba.ticketbox.service.StatusService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:924)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:793)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:707)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
... 28 more
INFO : org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext - Closing [email protected]afe611: startup date [Tue Mar 13 15:19:44 CET 2012]; root of context hierarchy
INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Destroying singletons in org.s[email protected]5543bd5c: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0]; root of factory hierarchy
我試圖自動裝配，而不是服務類的界面（一般一個太），原因從來就讀，有可能有問題。 我與@Resource試了一下，相同的堆棧跟蹤 我試圖書面方式非通用接口 ...
我覺得奇怪的是，應用程序完美運行的Tomcat服務器作爲Web應用程序上。沒有問題保存和刪除對象。我仍然不明白爲什麼測試不起作用。 plz幫助;）THX
而不是發佈什麼似乎是幾乎所有*** ***你的代碼，請你苗條下來到仍然表現出的問題小例子？ – cdeszaq 2012-03-13 14:37:53
這兩個類和一個接口相當小，但好的我會刪除一些方法。但當我不知道他們有什麼問題時，我應該如何修剪xml文件？！我很容易就可以忽略掉重要的細節 – Proton 2012-03-13 15:06:43