如何使用ascii，html或markdown格式在R中打印表格？

Question

library(xtable) 
library(rattle) 
set.seed(42) 
obs <- sample(1:nrow(weatherAUS), 5) 
vars <- 2:7 
xtable(weatherAUS[obs, vars]) 

我得到了下面的代碼輸出，爲什麼我不能得到格式化的表？

% latex table generated in R 2.15.1 by xtable 1.7-1 package 
% Sat Apr 6 17:02:37 2013 
\begin{table}[ht] 
\centering 
\begin{tabular}{rlrrrrr} 
    \hline 
& Location & MinTemp & MaxTemp & Rainfall & Evaporation & Sunshine \\ 
    \hline 
60992 & Hobart & 5.60 & 13.00 & 7.60 & 1.60 & 3.10 \\ 
    62476 & Launceston & 7.40 & 13.50 & 8.80 & & \\ 
    19077 & Williamtown & 18.30 & 29.10 & 3.20 & 1.00 & 7.00 \\ 
    55366 & PerthAirport & 9.80 & 21.90 & 0.00 & 3.60 & 9.80 \\ 
    42784 & GoldCoast & 23.40 & 30.40 & 0.00 & & \\ 
    \hline 
\end{tabular} 
\end{table} 

Answer 1

你會被從xtable返回什麼是漂亮的格式，但因爲它是在LaTeX的語法是，這將是值得通過乳膠類的編譯pdflatex運行。這將返回一個PDF文檔是這樣的：

如果你想R控制檯內的格式化的表格，所以標準print.data.frame的，而人類可讀的版本，你可能會給一個嘗試將ascii或我的pander包。例子：

1. 基本ascii電話：

   > library(ascii) 
   > ascii(weatherAUS[obs, vars]) 
   |=================================================================================== 
   1.1+| h| Location  h| MinTemp h| MaxTemp h| Rainfall h| Evaporation h| Sunshine 
   | 60992 | Hobart  | 5.60 | 13.00 | 7.60  | 1.60  | 3.10  
   | 62476 | Launceston | 7.40 | 13.50 | 8.80  |    |   
   | 19077 | Williamtown | 18.30 | 29.10 | 3.20  | 1.00  | 7.00  
   | 55366 | PerthAirport | 9.80 | 21.90 | 0.00  | 3.60  | 9.80  
   | 42784 | GoldCoast | 23.40 | 30.40 | 0.00  |    |   
   |=================================================================================== 
   

2. 調用ascii返回表中如新結構化格式：

   > print(ascii(weatherAUS[obs, vars]), type = "rest") 
   
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   |  | Location  | MinTemp | MaxTemp | Rainfall | Evaporation | Sunshine | 
   +=======+==============+=========+=========+==========+=============+==========+ 
   | 60992 | Hobart  | 5.60 | 13.00 | 7.60  | 1.60  | 3.10  | 
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   | 62476 | Launceston | 7.40 | 13.50 | 8.80  |    |   | 
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   | 19077 | Williamtown | 18.30 | 29.10 | 3.20  | 1.00  | 7.00  | 
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   | 55366 | PerthAirport | 9.80 | 21.90 | 0.00  | 3.60  | 9.80  | 
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   | 42784 | GoldCoast | 23.40 | 30.40 | 0.00  |    |   | 
   +-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+ 
   

3. 使用pander返回不同的降價格式的表格中：

   > library(pander) 
   > panderOptions('table.split.table', Inf) 
   > pander(weatherAUS[obs, vars]) 
   
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
          Location MinTemp MaxTemp Rainfall Evaporation Sunshine 
   ----------- ------------ --------- --------- ---------- ------------- ---------- 
   **60992**  Hobart  5.6  13.0  7.6   1.6   3.1  
   
   **62476** Launceston  7.4  13.5  8.8        
   
   **19077** Williamtown 18.3  29.1  3.2   1.0   7.0  
   
   **55366** PerthAirport 9.8  21.9  0.0   3.6   9.8  
   
   **42784** GoldCoast  23.4  30.4  0.0        
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   

4. 或在grid格式：

   > pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'grid') 
   
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   |   | Location | MinTemp | MaxTemp | Rainfall | Evaporation | Sunshine | 
   +=============+==============+===========+===========+============+===============+============+ 
   | **60992** | Hobart | 5.6 | 13.0 | 7.6  |  1.6  | 3.1  | 
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   | **62476** | Launceston | 7.4 | 13.5 | 8.8  |    |   | 
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   | **19077** | Williamtown | 18.3 | 29.1 | 3.2  |  1.0  | 7.0  | 
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   | **55366** | PerthAirport | 9.8 | 21.9 | 0.0  |  3.6  | 9.8  | 
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   | **42784** | GoldCoast | 23.4 | 30.4 | 0.0  |    |   | 
   +-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+ 
   

5. 更simple R□格式：

   > pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'simple') 
   
          Location MinTemp MaxTemp Rainfall Evaporation Sunshine 
   ----------- ------------ --------- --------- ---------- ------------- ---------- 
   **60992**  Hobart  5.6  13.0  7.6   1.6   3.1  
   **62476** Launceston  7.4  13.5  8.8        
   **19077** Williamtown 18.3  29.1  3.2   1.0   7.0  
   **55366** PerthAirport 9.8  21.9  0.0   3.6   9.8  
   **42784** GoldCoast  23.4  30.4  0.0        
   

6. 或者在PHPMarkdown額外/管道語法與knitr使用：

   > pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'rmarkdown') 
   
   |   | Location | MinTemp | MaxTemp | Rainfall | Evaporation | Sunshine | 
   |:-----------:|:------------:|:---------:|:---------:|:----------:|:-------------:|:----------:| 
   | **60992** | Hobart | 5.6 | 13.0 | 7.6  |  1.6  | 3.1  | 
   | **62476** | Launceston | 7.4 | 13.5 | 8.8  |    |   | 
   | **19077** | Williamtown | 18.3 | 29.1 | 3.2  |  1.0  | 7.0  | 
   | **55366** | PerthAirport | 9.8 | 21.9 | 0.0  |  3.6  | 9.8  | 
   | **42784** | GoldCoast | 23.4 | 30.4 | 0.0  |    |   |