正則表達式用於分割非字母和非數字字符

Question

總編程新手在這裏。在紅寶石中，我將如何去除下列非字母和非數字字符串，然後將字符串拆分爲數組，然後將其拆分爲空格。

例

string = "Honey - a sweet, sticky, yellow fluid made by bees and other insects from nectar collected from flowers." 

進入這個

tokenized_string = ["Honey", "a", "sweet", "sticky", "yellow", "fluid", "made", "by", "bees", "and", "other", "insects", "from", "nectar", "collected", "from", "flowers"] 

任何幫助，將不勝感激！

Answer 1

我會使用：

string = "Honey - a sweet, sticky, yellow fluid made by bees and other insects from nectar collected from flowers." 
string.delete('^A-Za-z0-9 ').split 
# => ["Honey", 
#  "a", 
#  "sweet", 
#  "sticky", 
#  "yellow", 
#  "fluid", 
#  "made", 
#  "by", 
#  "bees", 
#  "and", 
#  "other", 
#  "insects", 
#  "from", 
#  "nectar", 
#  "collected", 
#  "from", 
#  "flowers"] 

如果你想去除一切，但字母數字，則不能使用\w字符類，因爲它被定義爲[A-Za-z0-9_]，它允許_泄漏在或擠過去。下面是一個示例：

'foo_BAR12'[/\w+/] # => "foo_BAR12" 

匹配整個字符串，包括_。

'foo_BAR12'[/[A-Za-z0-9]+/] # => "foo" 

那停在_，因爲該類[A-Za-z0-9]不包括它。

\w應被視爲變量名稱的匹配模式，而不是字母數字。如果你想爲字母數字字符類，看看POSIX \[\[:alnum:\]\]類：

'foo_BAR12'[/[[:alnum:]]+/] # => "foo" 

Answer 2

請執行belowe使用String#scan

string = "Honey - a sweet, sticky, yellow fluid made by bees and other insects from nectar collected from flowers." 
string.scan(/[a-zA-Z0-9]+/) 
# => ["Honey", 
#  "a", 
#  "sweet", 
#  "sticky", 
#  "yellow", 
#  "fluid", 
#  "made", 
#  "by", 
#  "bees", 
#  "and", 
#  "other", 
#  "insects", 
#  "from", 
#  "nectar", 
#  "collected", 
#  "from", 
#  "flowers"] 

Answer 3

有很多的可能性，例如：

string.gsub(/\W/) { |m| m if m == ' ' }.split 

，或者更清楚：

string.gsub(/\W/) { |m| m if m.strip.empty? }.split 

Answer 4

很簡單。下面給你你想要的陣列，而你不必使用split：

string.scan(/\w+/) 

與它玩上Rubular.com。