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我得到了代碼清單9.28。在Michael Hartl的Ruby on Rails教程中，我在運行bundle exec rspec spec/時遇到以下錯誤。我不知道如何清除這些錯誤。Rails教程錯誤：「驗證失敗：電子郵件已被採用」
$ bundle exec rspec spec/
................................................FF...........FFFFFFFF
Failures:
1) User pages index profile page
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:27:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:29:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
2) User pages index profile page
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:27:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:29:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
3) User pages index edit page
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
4) User pages index edit page
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
5) User pages index edit page
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
6) User pages index edit with valid information
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
7) User pages index edit with valid information
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
8) User pages index edit with valid information
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
9) User pages index edit with valid information
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
10) User pages index edit with valid information
Failure/Error: let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid:
Validation failed: Email has already been taken
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:95:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:97:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
Finished in 7.29 seconds
69 examples, 10 failures
Failed examples:
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:31 # User pages index profile page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:32 # User pages index profile page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:102 # User pages index edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:103 # User pages index edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:104 # User pages index edit page
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:118 # User pages index edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:119 # User pages index edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:120 # User pages index edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:121 # User pages index edit with valid information
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:122 # User pages index edit with valid information
我user_pages_spec.rb：
require 'spec_helper'
describe "User pages" do
subject { page }
describe "index" do
before do
sign_in FactoryGirl.create(:user)
FactoryGirl.create(:user, name: "Bob", email: "[email protected]")
FactoryGirl.create(:user, name: "Ben", email: "[email protected]")
visit users_path
end
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'All users') }
it "should list each user" do
User.all.each do |user|
page.should have_selector('li', text: user.name)
end
end
describe "profile page" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before { visit user_path(user) }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: user.name) }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
end
describe "signup page" do
before { visit signup_path }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign up') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') }
end
describe "signup page" do
before { visit signup_path }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign up') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: full_title('Sign up')) }
end
describe "signup" do
before { visit signup_path }
let(:submit) { "Create my account" }
describe "with invalid information" do
it "should not create a user" do
expect { click_button submit }.not_to change(User, :count)
end
describe "error messages" do
before { click_button submit }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') }
it { should have_content('error') }
end
end
describe "with valid information" do
before do
fill_in "Name", with: "Example User"
fill_in "Email", with: "[email protected]"
fill_in "Password", with: "foobar"
fill_in "Confirmation", with: "foobar"
end
it "should create a user" do
expect { click_button submit }.to change(User, :count).by(1)
end
describe "after saving the user" do
before { click_button submit }
let(:user) { User.find_by_email('[email protected]') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success', text: 'Welcome') }
it { should have_link('Sign out') }
end
end
end
describe "edit" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before do
sign_in user
visit edit_user_path(user)
end
describe "page" do
it { should have_selector('h1', text: "Update your profile") }
it { should have_selector('title', text: "Edit user") }
it { should have_link('change', href: 'http://gravatar.com/emails') }
end
describe "with valid information" do
let(:new_name) { "New Name" }
let(:new_email) { "[email protected]" }
before do
fill_in "Name", with: new_name
fill_in "Email", with: new_email
fill_in "Password", with: user.password
fill_in "Confirm Password", with: user.password
click_button "Save changes"
end
it { should have_selector('title', text: new_name) }
it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-success') }
it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
specify { user.reload.name.should == new_name }
specify { user.reload.email.should == new_email }
end
end
end
end
我的規格/請求/ authentication_pages_spec.rb是這樣的：
require 'spec_helper'
describe "Authentication" do
subject { page }
describe "signin page" do
before { visit signin_path }
it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign in') }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
end
describe "signin" do
before { visit signin_path }
describe "with invalid information" do
before { click_button "Sign in" }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
#it { should have_selector('div.flash.error', text: 'Invalid') }
describe "after visiting another page" do
before { click_link "Home" }
it { should_not have_selector('div.flash.error') }
end
end
describe "with valid information" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
before { sign_in user }
it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) }
it { should have_link('Users', href: users_path) }
it { should have_link('Profile', href: user_path(user)) }
it { should have_link('Settings', href: edit_user_path(user)) }
it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) }
it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }
describe "followed by signout" do
before { click_link "Sign out" }
it { should have_link('Sign in') }
end
end
end
describe "authorization" do
describe "for non-signed-in users" do
let(:user) { Factory(:user) }
describe "in the Users controller" do
describe "visiting the edit page" do
before { visit edit_user_path(user) }
it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
end
describe "submitting to the update action" do
before { put user_path(user) }
specify { response.should redirect_to(signin_path) }
end
describe "visiting user index" do
before { visit users_path }
#it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign in') }
end
end
end
describe "as wrong user" do
let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
let(:wrong_user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user, email: "[email protected]") }
before { sign_in user }
describe "visiting Users#edit page" do
before { visit edit_user_path(wrong_user) }
it { should_not have_selector('title', text: full_title('Edit user')) }
end
describe "submitting a PUT request to the Users#update action" do
before { put user_path(wrong_user) }
specify { response.should redirect_to(root_path) }
end
end
end
end
我users.controller.rb看起來是這樣的：
class UsersController < ApplicationController
before_filter :signed_in_user, only: [:edit, :update]
before_filter :correct_user, only: [:edit, :update]
def index
@users = User.all
end
def show
@user = User.find(params[:id])
end
def new
@user = User.new
end
def create
@user = User.new(params[:user])
if @user.save
sign_in @user
flash[:success] = "Welcome to the Sample App!"
redirect_to @user
else
render 'new'
end
end
def edit
@user = User.find(params[:id])
end
def update
@user = User.find(params[:id])
if @user.update_attributes(params[:user])
flash[:success] = "Profile updated"
sign_in @user
redirect_to @user
else
render 'edit'
end
end
private
def signed_in_user
redirect_to signin_url, notice: "Please sign in." unless signed_in?
end
def correct_user
@user = User.find(params[:id])
redirect_to(root_path) unless current_user?(@user)
end
end
會話。 helper.rb：
module SessionsHelper
def sign_in(user)
cookies.permanent[:remember_token] = user.remember_token
self.current_user = user
end
def signed_in?
!current_user.nil?
end
def current_user=(user)
@current_user = user
end
def current_user
@current_user ||= User.find_by_remember_token(cookies[:remember_token])
end
def current_user?(user)
user == current_user
end
def signed_in_user
unless signed_in?
store_location
redirect_to signin_url, notice: "Please sign in."
end
end
def sign_out
current_user = nil
cookies.delete(:remember_token)
end
def redirect_back_or(default)
redirect_to(session[:return_to] || default)
session.delete(:return_to)
end
def store_location
session[:return_to] = request.url
end
end
header.html.erb：
<header class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="navbar-inner">
<div class="container">
<%= link_to "sample app", root_path, id: "logo" %>
<nav>
<ul class="nav pull-right">
<li><%= link_to "Home", root_path %></li>
<li><%= link_to "Help", help_path %></li>
<% if signed_in? %>
<li><%= link_to "Users", users_path %></li>
<li id="fat-menu" class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
Account <b class="caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><%= link_to "Profile", current_user %></li>
<li><%= link_to "Settings", edit_user_path(current_user) %></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li>
<%= link_to "Sign out", signout_path, method: "delete" %>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<% else %>
<li><%= link_to "Sign in", signin_path %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</header>
可能最好的方法是將您的Github回購站發佈給其他人以運行您的測試。但是，看看你的錯誤信息，你有沒有把所有的測試放在'describe「索引的」do「塊中？ –