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在R中創建連續的熱圖

2012-07-17 215 views
5

我有一系列x和y座標，每個座標都有一個與它們相連的距離。我想創建一個熱圖來顯示x和y範圍內每個點的平均距離作爲熱圖。由於這些點不是以格子形狀相互均勻分佈，所以該方法需要某種平滑函數來對數據進行聚類並計算每個點附近的平均值，然後用一種顏色表示該平均值。在R中創建連續的熱圖

到目前爲止，使用ggplot2，我只能找到像stat_density2d和geom_tile的方法，它只適用於顯示點密度和代表均勻間隔點（據我所知）。

理想的情況下，將遵循同樣的原則，因爲這形象： enter image description here

，其顏色是基於在附近指定的點，即使點的密度和佈局並不均勻分配。

我不想創建矩陣形式的熱圖這樣的形象：enter image description here

其中一個表是顏色編碼。相反，我想創建一個使用非均勻分佈的x和y座標的連續熱圖，實際上，它顯示了將數據分解爲無限多個矩形的極限。這可能不是該函數使用的實際方法，但它提供了我所需要的一般概念。

下面是一些樣本數據：

data=data.frame(x=c(1,1,2,2,3,4,5,6,7,7,8,9), 
    y=c(2,4,5,1,3,8,4,8,1,1,6,9), 
    distance=c(66,84,93,76,104,29,70,19,60,50,46,36))

我如何可以與距離覆蓋數的整個範圍，如提供在第一環節的情節色標熱圖？

任何幫助，非常感謝！

來源

2012-07-17 user1532996

+0

看看這個[link]（http://stackoverflow.com/q/10981324/707145）。 – MYaseen208 2012-07-17 21:57:22

+0

在該示例中，您必須手動將數據剪切成離散矩形。我希望能夠根據需要切斷數據並創建連續的熱圖。 – user1532996 2012-07-18 14:39:53

回答

3

這裏有一個用戶編寫的函數，產生熱圖使用GGPLOT2：

http://www.r-bloggers.com/ggheat-a-ggplot2-style-heatmap-function/

他們的榜樣形象：

example

如果你想要的是一個地形圖作爲在你的例子中，有很多工具可以使用（只需在「地形圖」下搜索）

最後，還有的isarithmic地圖，這只是表明，你需要明確，如果你想要一些平滑納入你想要做什麼： http://dsparks.wordpress.com/2011/10/24/isarithmic-maps-of-public-opinion-data/

來源

2012-07-17 21:30:59

+1

胡人。您的答案出現在「低質量帖子」審覈中。也許你可以添加一些關於文章內容的描述？ http://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/8231/are-answers-that-just-contain-links-elsewhere-really-good-answers。 – GSee 2012-07-17 21:57:38

+0

相關，簡明扼要，不言自明;恕我直言，這個答案非常好。然而，這個問題可以使用一些最小的自包含的例子。 – baptiste 2012-07-17 22:11:15

+0

@baptiste我們所要求的僅僅是爲了防止鏈接腐爛，我們可以在鏈接中找到的簡要總結。 – joran 2012-07-17 22:21:12

0 
ggplot2::ggfluctuation(data, type="colour")

我不能給出所有這些數據但head低於dput結構。

structure(list(X1 = 236:241, HomeTeam = structure(c(8L, 19L, 
37L, 4L, 6L, 15L), .Label = c("Arizona Cardinals", "Atlanta Falcons", 
"Baltimore Ravens", "Buffalo Bills", "Carolina Panthers", "Chicago Bears", 
"Cincinnati Bengals", "Cleveland Browns", "Dallas Cowboys", "Denver Broncos", 
"Detroit Lions", "Green Bay Packers", "Houston Oilers", "Houston Texans", 
"Indianapolis Colts", "Jacksonville Jaguars", "Kansas City Chiefs", 
"Los Angeles Raiders", "Los Angeles Rams", "Miami Dolphins", 
"Minnesota Vikings", "New England Patriots", "New Orleans Saints", 
"New York Giants", "New York Jets", "Oakland Raiders", "Philadelphia Eagles", 
"Phoenix Cardinals", "Pittsburgh Steelers", "San Diego Chargers", 
"San Francisco 49ers", "Seattle Seahawks", "St. Louis Rams", 
"Tampa Bay Buccaneers", "Tennessee Oilers", "Tennessee Titans", 
"Washington Redskins"), class = "factor"), AwayTeam = structure(c(9L, 
28L, 11L, 20L, 21L, 22L), .Label = c("Arizona Cardinals", "Atlanta Falcons", 
"Baltimore Ravens", "Buffalo Bills", "Carolina Panthers", "Chicago Bears", 
"Cincinnati Bengals", "Cleveland Browns", "Dallas Cowboys", "Denver Broncos", 
"Detroit Lions", "Green Bay Packers", "Houston Oilers", "Houston Texans", 
"Indianapolis Colts", "Jacksonville Jaguars", "Kansas City Chiefs", 
"Los Angeles Raiders", "Los Angeles Rams", "Miami Dolphins", 
"Minnesota Vikings", "New England Patriots", "New Orleans Saints", 
"New York Giants", "New York Jets", "Oakland Raiders", "Philadelphia Eagles", 
"Phoenix Cardinals", "Pittsburgh Steelers", "San Diego Chargers", 
"San Francisco 49ers", "Seattle Seahawks", "St. Louis Rams", 
"Tampa Bay Buccaneers", "Tennessee Oilers", "Tennessee Titans", 
"Washington Redskins"), class = "factor"), Date = structure(c(45L, 
45L, 45L, 45L, 45L, 45L), .Label = c("1990-09-09", "1990-09-10", 
"1990-09-16", "1990-09-17", "1990-09-23", "1990-09-24", "1990-09-30", 
"1990-10-01", "1990-10-07", "1990-10-08", "1990-10-14", "1990-10-15", 
"1990-10-18", "1990-10-21", "1990-10-22", "1990-10-28", "1990-10-29", 
"1990-11-04", "1990-11-05", "1990-11-11", "1990-11-12", "1990-11-18", 
"1990-11-19", "1990-11-22", "1990-11-25", "1990-11-26", "1990-12-02", 
"1990-12-03", "1990-12-09", "1990-12-10", "1990-12-15", "1990-12-16", 
"1990-12-17", "1990-12-22", "1990-12-23", "1990-12-29", "1990-12-30", 
"1990-12-31", "1991-01-05", "1991-01-06", "1991-01-12", "1991-01-13", 
"1991-01-20", "1991-01-27", "1991-09-01", "1991-09-02", "1991-09-08", 
"1991-09-09", "1991-09-15", "1991-09-16", "1991-09-22", "1991-09-23", 
"1991-09-29", "1991-09-30", "1991-10-06", "1991-10-07", "1991-10-13", 
"1991-10-14", "1991-10-17", "1991-10-20", "1991-10-21", "1991-10-27", 
"1991-10-28", "1991-11-03", "1991-11-04", "1991-11-10", "1991-11-11", 
"1991-11-17", "1991-11-18", "1991-11-24", "1991-11-25", "1991-11-28", 
"1991-12-01", "1991-12-02", "1991-12-08", "1991-12-09", "1991-12-14", 
"1991-12-15", "1991-12-16", "1991-12-21", "1991-12-22", "1991-12-23", 
"1991-12-28", "1991-12-29", "1992-01-04", "1992-01-05", "1992-01-12", 
"1992-01-26", "1992-09-06", "1992-09-07", "1992-09-13", "1992-09-14", 
"1992-09-20", "1992-09-21", "1992-09-27", "1992-09-28", "1992-10-04", 
"1992-10-05", "1992-10-11", "1992-10-12", "1992-10-15", "1992-10-18", 
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"1992-11-08", "1992-11-09", "1992-11-15", "1992-11-16", "1992-11-22", 
"1992-11-23", "1992-11-26", "1992-11-29", "1992-11-30", "1992-12-03", 
"1992-12-06", "1992-12-07", "1992-12-12", "1992-12-13", "1992-12-14", 
"1992-12-19", "1992-12-20", "1992-12-21", "1992-12-26", "1992-12-27", 
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"1994-09-19", "1994-09-25", "1994-09-26", "1994-10-02", "1994-10-03", 
"1994-10-09", "1994-10-10", "1994-10-13", "1994-10-16", "1994-10-17", 
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"2007-10-07", "2007-10-08", "2007-10-14", "2007-10-15", "2007-10-21", 
"2007-10-22", "2007-10-28", "2007-10-29", "2007-11-04", "2007-11-05", 
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"2008-01-12", "2008-01-13", "2008-01-20", "2008-02-03", "2008-09-04", 
"2008-09-07", "2008-09-08", "2008-09-14", "2008-09-15", "2008-09-21", 
"2008-09-22", "2008-09-28", "2008-09-29", "2008-10-05", "2008-10-06", 
"2008-10-12", "2008-10-13", "2008-10-19", "2008-10-20", "2008-10-26", 
"2008-10-27", "2008-11-02", "2008-11-03", "2008-11-06", "2008-11-09", 
"2008-11-10", "2008-11-13", "2008-11-16", "2008-11-17", "2008-11-20", 
"2008-11-23", "2008-11-24", "2008-11-27", "2008-11-30", "2008-12-01", 
"2008-12-04", "2008-12-07", "2008-12-08", "2008-12-11", "2008-12-14", 
"2008-12-15", "2008-12-18", "2008-12-20", "2008-12-21", "2008-12-22", 
"2008-12-28", "2009-01-03", "2009-01-04", "2009-01-10", "2009-01-11", 
"2009-01-18", "2009-02-01", "2009-09-10", "2009-09-13", "2009-09-14", 
"2009-09-20", "2009-09-21", "2009-09-27", "2009-09-28", "2009-10-04", 
"2009-10-05", "2009-10-11", "2009-10-12", "2009-10-18", "2009-10-19", 
"2009-10-25", "2009-10-26", "2009-11-01", "2009-11-02", "2009-11-08", 
"2009-11-09", "2009-11-12", "2009-11-15", "2009-11-16", "2009-11-19", 
"2009-11-22", "2009-11-23", "2009-11-26", "2009-11-29", "2009-11-30", 
"2009-12-03", "2009-12-06", "2009-12-07", "2009-12-10", "2009-12-13", 
"2009-12-14", "2009-12-17", "2009-12-19", "2009-12-20", "2009-12-21", 
"2009-12-25", "2009-12-27", "2009-12-28", "2010-01-03", "2010-01-09", 
"2010-01-10", "2010-01-16", "2010-01-17", "2010-01-24", "2010-02-07", 
"2010-09-09", "2010-09-12", "2010-09-13", "2010-09-19", "2010-09-20", 
"2010-09-26", "2010-09-27", "2010-10-03", "2010-10-04", "2010-10-10", 
"2010-10-11", "2010-10-17", "2010-10-18", "2010-10-24", "2010-10-25", 
"2010-10-31", "2010-11-01", "2010-11-07", "2010-11-08", "2010-11-11", 
"2010-11-14", "2010-11-15", "2010-11-18", "2010-11-21", "2010-11-22", 
"2010-11-25", "2010-11-28", "2010-11-29", "2010-12-02", "2010-12-05", 
"2010-12-06", "2010-12-09", "2010-12-12", "2010-12-13", "2010-12-16", 
"2010-12-19", "2010-12-20", "2010-12-23", "2010-12-25", "2010-12-26", 
"2010-12-27", "2010-12-28", "2011-01-02", "2011-01-08", "2011-01-09", 
"2011-01-15", "2011-01-16", "2011-01-23", "2011-02-06"), class = "factor"), 
    Season = c(1991, 1991, 1991, 1991, 1991, 1991), HomeRecord = structure(c(1L, 
    1L, 17L, 17L, 17L, 1L), .Label = c("(0-1-0)", "(0-10-0)", 
    "(0-11-0)", "(0-12-0)", "(0-13-0)", "(0-14-0)", "(0-15-0)", 
    "(0-16-0)", "(0-2-0)", "(0-3-0)", "(0-4-0)", "(0-5-0)", "(0-6-0)", 
    "(0-7-0)", "(0-8-0)", "(0-9-0)", "(1-0-0)", "(1-1-0)", "(1-10-0)", 
    "(1-10-1)", "(1-11-0)", "(1-11-1)", "(1-12-0)", "(1-13-0)", 
    "(1-14-0)", "(1-15-0)", "(1-2-0)", "(1-3-0)", "(1-4-0)", 
    "(1-5-0)", "(1-6-0)", "(1-7-0)", "(1-8-0)", "(1-8-1)", "(1-9-0)", 
    "(1-9-1)", "(10-0-0)", "(10-1-0)", "(10-2-0)", "(10-3-0)", 
    "(10-4-0)", "(10-5-0)", "(10-5-1)", "(10-6-0)", "(10-6-1)", 
    "(10-7-0)", "(10-7-1)", "(10-8-0)", "(11-0-0)", "(11-1-0)", 
    "(11-2-0)", "(11-3-0)", "(11-4-0)", "(11-5-0)", "(11-5-1)", 
    "(11-6-0)", "(11-6-1)", "(11-7-0)", "(11-7-1)", "(11-8-0)", 
    "(12-0-0)", "(12-1-0)", "(12-2-0)", "(12-3-0)", "(12-4-0)", 
    "(12-5-0)", "(12-6-0)", "(12-7-0)", "(12-8-0)", "(13-0-0)", 
    "(13-1-0)", "(13-2-0)", "(13-3-0)", "(13-4-0)", "(13-5-0)", 
    "(13-6-0)", "(14-0-0)", "(14-1-0)", "(14-2-0)", "(14-3-0)", 
    "(14-4-0)", "(14-5-0)", "(14-6-0)", "(15-0-0)", "(15-1-0)", 
    "(15-2-0)", "(15-3-0)", "(15-4-0)", "(15-5-0)", "(16-0-0)", 
    "(16-1-0)", "(16-2-0)", "(16-3-0)", "(16-4-0)", "(17-0-0)", 
    "(17-2-0)", "(18-0-0)", "(18-1-0)", "(2-0-0)", "(2-1-0)", 
    "(2-10-0)", "(2-11-0)", "(2-11-1)", "(2-12-0)", "(2-13-0)", 
    "(2-14-0)", "(2-2-0)", "(2-3-0)", "(2-4-0)", "(2-5-0)", "(2-6-0)", 
    "(2-7-0)", "(2-8-0)", "(2-9-0)", "(3-0-0)", "(3-1-0)", "(3-10-0)", 
    "(3-11-0)", "(3-11-1)", "(3-12-0)", "(3-13-0)", "(3-2-0)", 
    "(3-3-0)", "(3-4-0)", "(3-5-0)", "(3-6-0)", "(3-7-0)", "(3-8-0)", 
    "(3-9-0)", "(4-0-0)", "(4-1-0)", "(4-10-0)", "(4-11-0)", 
    "(4-11-1)", "(4-12-0)", "(4-2-0)", "(4-3-0)", "(4-4-0)", 
    "(4-5-0)", "(4-6-0)", "(4-6-1)", "(4-7-0)", "(4-7-1)", "(4-8-0)", 
    "(4-8-1)", "(4-9-0)", "(5-0-0)", "(5-1-0)", "(5-10-0)", "(5-11-0)", 
    "(5-2-0)", "(5-3-0)", "(5-3-1)", "(5-4-0)", "(5-4-1)", "(5-5-0)", 
    "(5-5-1)", "(5-6-0)", "(5-6-1)", "(5-7-0)", "(5-8-0)", "(5-8-1)", 
    "(5-9-0)", "(6-0-0)", "(6-1-0)", "(6-10-0)", "(6-2-0)", "(6-3-0)", 
    "(6-3-1)", "(6-4-0)", "(6-4-1)", "(6-5-0)", "(6-5-1)", "(6-6-0)", 
    "(6-6-1)", "(6-7-0)", "(6-7-1)", "(6-8-0)", "(6-8-1)", "(6-9-0)", 
    "(6-9-1)", "(7-0-0)", "(7-1-0)", "(7-2-0)", "(7-3-0)", "(7-3-1)", 
    "(7-4-0)", "(7-4-1)", "(7-5-0)", "(7-5-1)", "(7-6-0)", "(7-6-1)", 
    "(7-7-0)", "(7-7-1)", "(7-8-0)", "(7-9-0)", "(8-0-0)", "(8-1-0)", 
    "(8-10-0)", "(8-2-0)", "(8-3-0)", "(8-3-1)", "(8-4-0)", "(8-4-1)", 
    "(8-5-0)", "(8-5-1)", "(8-6-0)", "(8-6-1)", "(8-7-0)", "(8-7-1)", 
    "(8-8-0)", "(8-9-0)", "(9-0-0)", "(9-1-0)", "(9-2-0)", "(9-3-0)", 
    "(9-4-0)", "(9-5-0)", "(9-5-1)", "(9-6-0)", "(9-6-1)", "(9-7-0)", 
    "(9-8-0)", "(9-9-0)"), class = "factor"), AwayRecord = structure(c(17L, 
    17L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 17L), .Label = c("(0-1-0)", "(0-10-0)", 
    "(0-11-0)", "(0-12-0)", "(0-13-0)", "(0-14-0)", "(0-15-0)", 
    "(0-16-0)", "(0-2-0)", "(0-3-0)", "(0-4-0)", "(0-5-0)", "(0-6-0)", 
    "(0-7-0)", "(0-8-0)", "(0-9-0)", "(1-0-0)", "(1-1-0)", "(1-10-0)", 
    "(1-10-1)", "(1-11-0)", "(1-11-1)", "(1-12-0)", "(1-13-0)", 
    "(1-14-0)", "(1-15-0)", "(1-2-0)", "(1-3-0)", "(1-4-0)", 
    "(1-5-0)", "(1-6-0)", "(1-7-0)", "(1-8-0)", "(1-8-1)", "(1-9-0)", 
    "(1-9-1)", "(10-0-0)", "(10-1-0)", "(10-2-0)", "(10-3-0)", 
    "(10-4-0)", "(10-5-0)", "(10-5-1)", "(10-6-0)", "(10-6-1)", 
    "(10-7-0)", "(10-7-1)", "(10-8-0)", "(11-0-0)", "(11-1-0)", 
    "(11-2-0)", "(11-3-0)", "(11-4-0)", "(11-5-0)", "(11-5-1)", 
    "(11-6-0)", "(11-6-1)", "(11-7-0)", "(11-7-1)", "(11-8-0)", 
    "(12-0-0)", "(12-1-0)", "(12-2-0)", "(12-3-0)", "(12-4-0)", 
    "(12-5-0)", "(12-6-0)", "(12-7-0)", "(12-8-0)", "(13-0-0)", 
    "(13-1-0)", "(13-2-0)", "(13-3-0)", "(13-4-0)", "(13-5-0)", 
    "(13-6-0)", "(14-0-0)", "(14-1-0)", "(14-2-0)", "(14-3-0)", 
    "(14-4-0)", "(14-5-0)", "(14-6-0)", "(15-0-0)", "(15-1-0)", 
    "(15-2-0)", "(15-3-0)", "(15-4-0)", "(15-5-0)", "(16-0-0)", 
    "(16-1-0)", "(16-2-0)", "(16-3-0)", "(16-4-0)", "(17-0-0)", 
    "(17-2-0)", "(18-0-0)", "(18-1-0)", "(2-0-0)", "(2-1-0)", 
    "(2-10-0)", "(2-11-0)", "(2-11-1)", "(2-12-0)", "(2-13-0)", 
    "(2-14-0)", "(2-2-0)", "(2-3-0)", "(2-4-0)", "(2-5-0)", "(2-6-0)", 
    "(2-7-0)", "(2-8-0)", "(2-9-0)", "(3-0-0)", "(3-1-0)", "(3-10-0)", 
    "(3-11-0)", "(3-11-1)", "(3-12-0)", "(3-13-0)", "(3-2-0)", 
    "(3-3-0)", "(3-4-0)", "(3-5-0)", "(3-6-0)", "(3-7-0)", "(3-8-0)", 
    "(3-9-0)", "(4-0-0)", "(4-1-0)", "(4-10-0)", "(4-11-0)", 
    "(4-11-1)", "(4-12-0)", "(4-2-0)", "(4-3-0)", "(4-4-0)", 
    "(4-5-0)", "(4-6-0)", "(4-6-1)", "(4-7-0)", "(4-7-1)", "(4-8-0)", 
    "(4-8-1)", "(4-9-0)", "(5-0-0)", "(5-1-0)", "(5-10-0)", "(5-11-0)", 
    "(5-2-0)", "(5-3-0)", "(5-3-1)", "(5-4-0)", "(5-4-1)", "(5-5-0)", 
    "(5-5-1)", "(5-6-0)", "(5-6-1)", "(5-7-0)", "(5-8-0)", "(5-8-1)", 
    "(5-9-0)", "(6-0-0)", "(6-1-0)", "(6-10-0)", "(6-2-0)", "(6-3-0)", 
    "(6-3-1)", "(6-4-0)", "(6-4-1)", "(6-5-0)", "(6-5-1)", "(6-6-0)", 
    "(6-6-1)", "(6-7-0)", "(6-7-1)", "(6-8-0)", "(6-8-1)", "(6-9-0)", 
    "(6-9-1)", "(7-0-0)", "(7-1-0)", "(7-2-0)", "(7-3-0)", "(7-3-1)", 
    "(7-4-0)", "(7-4-1)", "(7-5-0)", "(7-5-1)", "(7-6-0)", "(7-6-1)", 
    "(7-7-0)", "(7-7-1)", "(7-8-0)", "(7-9-0)", "(8-0-0)", "(8-1-0)", 
    "(8-10-0)", "(8-2-0)", "(8-3-0)", "(8-3-1)", "(8-4-0)", "(8-4-1)", 
    "(8-5-0)", "(8-5-1)", "(8-6-0)", "(8-6-1)", "(8-7-0)", "(8-7-1)", 
    "(8-8-0)", "(8-9-0)", "(9-0-0)", "(9-1-0)", "(9-2-0)", "(9-3-0)", 
    "(9-4-0)", "(9-5-0)", "(9-5-1)", "(9-6-0)", "(9-6-1)", "(9-7-0)", 
    "(9-8-0)", "(9-9-0)"), class = "factor"), HomeFinal = c(14L, 
    14L, 45L, 35L, 10L, 7L), AwayFinal = c(26L, 24L, 0L, 31L, 
    6L, 16L), HomeLast = c(4, 4, 5, 5, 0, 7), AwayLast = c(6, 
    4, 0, 1, 6, 6), Winner = c("Away", "Away", "Home", "Home", 
    "Home", "Away")), .Names = c("X1", "HomeTeam", "AwayTeam", 
"Date", "Season", "HomeRecord", "AwayRecord", "HomeFinal", "AwayFinal", 
"HomeLast", "AwayLast", "Winner"), row.names = c(NA, 6L), class = "data.frame")

然後你會這樣做。

ggfluctuation(table(gamesWide$HomeLast, gamesWide$AwayLast), type="colour") + labs(x="Away", y="Home") + opts(title="Distribution of Last Digit of Score")

要獲得 enter image description here

當然，使用完整的數據集生成圖像。這應該可以進一步擴展到不那麼對稱和矩形的數據。

來源

2012-07-18 01:18:57 Jared

+1

順便說一句，這個答案剛剛出現在「低質量帖子」評論中。我在''ggfluctuation'中運行了所有的例子，它們都不像我的熱圖。你能舉個例子嗎？ – GSee 2012-07-18 01:31:18

6

爲了產生連續的地圖不規則隔開的座標，你首先需要intrapolate規則網格（這裏使用包akima的功能interp）：

require(akima) 
data <- data.frame(x=c(1,1,2,2,3,4,5,6,7,7,8,9), 
        y=c(2,4,5,1,3,8,4,8,1,1,6,9), 
        distance=c(66,84,93,76,104,29,70,19,60,50,46,36)) 
resolution <- 0.1 # you can increase the resolution by decreasing this number (warning: the resulting dataframe size increase very quickly) 
a <- interp(x=data$x, y=data$y, z=data$distance, 
      xo=seq(min(data$x),max(data$x),by=resolution), 
      yo=seq(min(data$y),max(data$y),by=resolution), duplicate="mean") 
image(a) #you can of course modify the color palette and the color categories. See ?image for more explanation

enter image description here

或者你可以使用，爲繪圖本身，功能filled.contour：

filled.contour(a, color.palette=heat.colors)

enter image description here

來源

2012-10-04 11:34:44 plannapus

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