按字符串連接字符串COBOL

Question

需要將4個字符串連接到cobol中的目標變量。

一樣，

01 WS-S1 X(10) VALUE "HI ". 
01 WS-S2 X(10) VALUE "HOW ". 
01 WS-S3 X(10) VALUE "ARE ". 
01 WS-S4 X(10) VALUE "YOU?". 

到結果字符串

"HI HOW ARE YOU?" 

任何人都可以請幫我嗎？

Answer 1

這裏是STRING verb的工作示例已經做了你在找什麼：

IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 
    PROGRAM-ID. EXAMPLE. 
    DATA DIVISION. 
    WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 
    01 WS-S1 PIC X(10) VALUE 'HI '. 
    01 WS-S2 PIC X(10) VALUE 'HOW '. 
    01 WS-S3 PIC X(10) VALUE 'ARE '. 
    01 WS-S4 PIC X(10) VALUE 'YOU?'. 
    01 WS-CONCAT PIC X(43) VALUE SPACES. 
    PROCEDURE DIVISION. 
    MAIN-PARAGRAPH. 
     STRING WS-S1 DELIMITED BY SPACE 
       ' ' DELIMITED BY SIZE 
       WS-S2 DELIMITED BY SPACE 
       ' ' DELIMITED BY SIZE 
       WS-S3 DELIMITED BY SPACE 
       ' ' DELIMITED BY SIZE 
       WS-S4 DELIMITED BY SPACE 
      INTO WS-CONCAT 
     END-STRING 
     DISPLAY '>' WS-CONCAT '<' 
     GOBACK 
     . 

輸出是：

>HI HOW ARE YOU?       < 

Answer 2

OpenCOBOL具有固有功能的擴展，CONCATENATE。

DISPLAY FUNCTION CONCATENATE(
    FUNCTION TRIM(WS-S1); SPACE; 
    FUNCTION TRIM(WS-S2); SPACE; 
    FUNCTION TRIM(WS-S3); SPACE; 
    FUNCTION TRIM(WS-S4)) 
END-DISPLAY 

但我喜歡STRING動詞DELIMITED BY答案，因爲它可以適用於大多數（如果不是全部的話）編譯器。

至於對函數參數列表內部分號分隔符的原因，它不是絕對必要的，看個人喜好，因爲它有時可避免潛在問題

SPECIAL-NAMES. 
DECIMAL POINT IS COMMA. 

和COBOL，作爲穩健詞法動物，它是

DISPLAY FUNCTION CONCATENATE(WS-S1 WS-S2 WS-S3 WS-S4) 
DISPLAY FUNCTION CONCATENATE(WS-S1, WS-S2, WS-S3, WS-S4) 

語法也適用。

Answer 3

「空間分隔」存在問題。如果ws-s1 ='怎麼樣' - 由空格分隔只會放'如何'。 下面是一些例子：

01 ws-string-test. 
03 y1    pic x(10) value 'y1 a'. 
03 y2    pic x(10) value 'y2 b'. 
03 y3    pic x(10) value 'y3 c'. 

01 WS-工作PIC X（200）。

 move spaces to ws-work 
     string y1 delimited by size 
       y2 delimited by space 
       y3 delimited by size 
       into ws-work. 
     ws-work = "y1 a  y2y3 c    " 

     move spaces to ws-work 
     string y1 
       y2 
       y3 
       delimited by size into ws-work 
     ws-work = "y1 a  y2 b   y3 c   " 


     string y1 
       y2 
       y3 
       delimited by spaces into ws-work. 
     ws-work = "y1y2y3 

     string y1 y2 y3 into ws-work by csv-format. 
     ws-work = "y1 a,y2 b,y3 c  " 

希望它能幫上忙。

zalek

Answer 4

給這個旋轉。應該是平臺獨立的。

DATA DIVISION. 

    WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. 

    01 result-string-text   X(100). 
    01 result-string-length   9(03). 
    01 result-string-datalength  9(03). 

    01 new-string-text    X(20). 
    01 new-string-length   9(03). 
    01 new-string-datalength  9(03). 

    01 hold-string-text    X(100). 

    01 trailing-space-count   9(03). 

    PROCEDURE DIVISION. 

     MOVE SPACES TO result-string-text. 
     MOVE FUNCTION LENGTH(result-string-text) TO result-string-length. 
     MOVE FUNCTION LENGTH(new-string-text) TO new-string-length. 

     MOVE ws-s1 TO new-string-text. 
     PERFORM 5500-concatenate. 

     MOVE ws-s2 TO new-string-text. 
     PERFORM 5500-concatenate. 

     MOVE ws-s3 TO new-string-text. 
     PERFORM 5500-concatenate. 

     MOVE ws-s4 TO new-string-text. 
     PERFORM 5500-concatenate. 

    5500-concatenate. 
     MOVE ZERO TO trailing-space-count 
     INSPECT FUNCTION REVERSE(result-string-text) TALLYING trailing-space-count FOR LEADING ' ' 
     COMPUTE result-string-datalength = result-string-length - trailing-space-count 

     IF (result-string-datalength > ZERO) 
      MOVE ZERO TO trailing-space-count 
      INSPECT FUNCTION REVERSE(new-string-text) TALLYING trailing-space-count FOR LEADING ' ' 
      COMPUTE new-string-datalength = new-string-length - trailing-space-count 

      MOVE SPACES TO hold-string-text 
      STRING 
       result-string-text(1:result-string-datalength) 
       ' ' 
       new-string-text(1:new-string-datalength) 
        DELIMITED BY SIZE 
      INTO 
       hold-string-text 
      END-STRING 

      MOVE hold-string-text to result-string-text 
     ELSE 
      MOVE new-string-text TO result-string-text 
     END-IF.