如何讀取屏幕像素？

Question

我想讀取一個矩形區域，或整個屏幕像素。就好像截圖按鈕被按下了一樣。

我該怎麼做？

編輯：工作代碼：

void CaptureScreen(char *filename) 
{ 
    int nScreenWidth = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN); 
    int nScreenHeight = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); 
    HWND hDesktopWnd = GetDesktopWindow(); 
    HDC hDesktopDC = GetDC(hDesktopWnd); 
    HDC hCaptureDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hDesktopDC); 
    HBITMAP hCaptureBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDesktopDC, nScreenWidth, nScreenHeight); 
    SelectObject(hCaptureDC, hCaptureBitmap); 

    BitBlt(hCaptureDC, 0, 0, nScreenWidth, nScreenHeight, hDesktopDC, 0,0, SRCCOPY|CAPTUREBLT); 

    BITMAPINFO bmi = {0}; 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(bmi.bmiHeader); 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biWidth = nScreenWidth; 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biHeight = nScreenHeight; 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32; 
    bmi.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; 

    RGBQUAD *pPixels = new RGBQUAD[nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight]; 

    GetDIBits(
     hCaptureDC, 
     hCaptureBitmap, 
     0, 
     nScreenHeight, 
     pPixels, 
     &bmi, 
     DIB_RGB_COLORS 
    ); 

    // write: 
    int p; 
    int x, y; 
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "wb"); 
    for(y = 0; y < nScreenHeight; y++){ 
     for(x = 0; x < nScreenWidth; x++){ 
      p = (nScreenHeight-y-1)*nScreenWidth+x; // upside down 
      unsigned char r = pPixels[p].rgbRed; 
      unsigned char g = pPixels[p].rgbGreen; 
      unsigned char b = pPixels[p].rgbBlue; 
      fwrite(fp, &r, 1); 
      fwrite(fp, &g, 1); 
      fwrite(fp, &b, 1); 
     } 
    } 
    fclose(fp); 

    delete [] pPixels; 

    ReleaseDC(hDesktopWnd, hDesktopDC); 
    DeleteDC(hCaptureDC); 
    DeleteObject(hCaptureBitmap); 
} 

Answer 1

與您的代碼開始並省略錯誤檢查...

// Create a BITMAPINFO specifying the format you want the pixels in. 
// To keep this simple, we'll use 32-bits per pixel (the high byte isn't 
// used). 
BITMAPINFO bmi = {0}; 
bmi.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(bmi.bmiHeader); 
bmi.bmiHeader.biWidth = nScreenWidth; 
bmi.bmiHeader.biHeight = nScreenHeight; 
bmi.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; 
bmi.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32; 
bmi.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; 

// Allocate a buffer to receive the pixel data. 
RGBQUAD *pPixels = new RGBQUAD[nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight]; 

// Call GetDIBits to copy the bits from the device dependent bitmap 
// into the buffer allocated above, using the pixel format you 
// chose in the BITMAPINFO. 
::GetDIBits(hCaptureDC, 
      hCaptureBitmap, 
      0, // starting scanline 
      nScreenHeight, // scanlines to copy 
      pPixels, // buffer for your copy of the pixels 
      &bmi, // format you want the data in 
      DIB_RGB_COLORS); // actual pixels, not palette references 

// You can now access the raw pixel data in pPixels. Note that they are 
// stored from the bottom scanline to the top, so pPixels[0] is the lower 
// left pixel, pPixels[1] is the next pixel to the right, 
// pPixels[nScreenWidth] is the first pixel on the second row from the 
// bottom, etc. 

// Don't forget to free the pixel buffer. 
delete [] pPixels; 

Answer 2

從這裏開始Various methods for capturing the screen

Answer 3

你與BitBlt的截圖（）。鏡頭的大小由nWidth和nHeight參數設置。左上角用nXSrc和nYSrc參數設置。

Answer 4

HBITMAP不是一個指針或數組，它是一個由Windows管理的句柄，僅對Windows有意義。您必須要求Windows將像素複製到某處以供使用。

要獲得單個像素值，您可以使用GetPixel而不需要位圖。如果你需要訪問很多像素，這將會很慢。

要將位圖複製到可以訪問的內存，請使用GetDIBits function。

Answer 5

重讀您的問題，聽起來好像我們可能已經與屏幕截圖切線。如果您只想檢查屏幕上的某些像素，則可以使用GetPixel。

HDC hdcScreen = ::GetDC(NULL); 
COLORREF pixel = ::GetPixel(hdcScreen, x, y); 
ReleaseDC(NULL, hdcScreen); 
if (pixel != CLR_INVALID) { 
    int red = GetRValue(pixel); 
    int green = GetGValue(pixel); 
    int blue = GetBValue(pixel); 
    ... 
} else { 
    // Error, x and y were outside the clipping region. 
} 

如果你要閱讀大量的像素，那麼你離一個屏幕捕捉，然後使用GetDIBits更好。調用GetPixel無數次會很慢。