Mockito模擬所有方法調用並返回

Question

我用mock編寫單元測試時遇到了問題。有一個我需要模擬的對象有很多getter，我在代碼中調用它們。但是，這些不是我的單元測試的目的。那麼，有沒有辦法嘲笑所有的方法，而不是一個一個地模擬它們。

下面是代碼例如：

public class ObjectNeedToMock{ 

private String field1; 
... 
private String field20; 

private int theImportantInt; 


public String getField1(){return this.field1;} 
... 

public String getField20(){return this.field20;} 

public int getTheImportantInt(){return this.theImportantInt;} 

} 

，這是服務類我需要測試類內檢驗

public class Service{ 

public void methodNeedToTest(ObjectNeedToMock objectNeedToMock){ 
    String stringThatIdontCare1 = objectNeedToMock.getField1(); 
    ... 
    String stringThatIdontCare20 = objectNeedToMock.getField20(); 
    // do something with the field1 to field20 

    int veryImportantInt = objectNeedToMock.getTheImportantInt(); 
    // do something with the veryImportantInt 

    } 
} 

，測試方法是像

@Test 
public void testMethodNeedToTest() throws Exception { 
     ObjectNeedToMock o = mock(ObjectNeedToMock.class); 
     when(o.getField1()).thenReturn(anyString()); 
     .... 
     when(o.getField20()).thenReturn(anyString()); 

     when(o.getTheImportantInt()).thenReturn("1"); //This "1" is the only thing I care 

} 

那麼，有沒有辦法可以避免將無用的「field1」寫入「field20」的所有「when」

Answer 1

您可以控制模擬的默認答案。當你創建模擬，使用方法：

Mockito.mock(ObjectNeedToMock.class, new Answer() { 
    @Override 
    public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable { 
     /* 
      Put your default answer logic here. 
      It should be based on type of arguments you consume and the type of arguments you return. 
      i.e. 
     */ 
     if (String.class.equals(invocation.getMethod().getReturnType())) { 
      return "This is my default answer for all methods that returns string"; 
     } else { 
      return RETURNS_DEFAULTS.answer(invocation); 
     } 
    } 
})); 

Answer 2

如果你不感興趣的特定測試用例getField1()到getField20()的結果，你不應該嘲笑它。換句話說，如果所有具體的測試用例應該關注的是getTheImportantInt()，那麼你的測試用例應該是這樣的：

@Test 
public void testMethodNeedToTest() throws Exception { 
     ObjectNeedToMock o = mock(ObjectNeedToMock.class); 
     when(o.getTheImportantInt()).thenReturn("1"); 

     // test code goes here 
}