Django的設置工作不正常

我能夠執行Django的設置工作不正常

python manage.py migrate - it executes perfectly

但是當我運行

django-admin shell

失敗給了以下錯誤

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 294, in run_from_argv 
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 337, in execute 
    saved_locale = translation.get_language() 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 190, in get_language 
    return _trans.get_language() 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 57, in __getattr__ 
    if settings.USE_I18N: 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 53, in __getattr__ 
    self._setup(name) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 39, in _setup 
    % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting USE_I18N, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings. 

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/bin/django-admin", line 11, in <module> 
    sys.exit(execute_from_command_line()) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 367, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 359, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 306, in run_from_argv 
    connections.close_all() 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 229, in close_all 
    for alias in self: 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 223, in __iter__ 
    return iter(self.databases) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__ 
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 156, in databases 
    self._databases = settings.DATABASES 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 53, in __getattr__ 
    self._setup(name) 
    File "/home/cj/.vtenv/officingx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 39, in _setup 
    % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) 
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DATABASES, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

我的settings.py

""" 
Django settings for officingx project. 

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.10.5. 

For more information on this file, see 
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/ 

For the full list of settings and their values, see 
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/ 
""" 

import os 

import dj_database_url 

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) 
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) 


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production 
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/ 

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! 
SECRET_KEY = os.environ['OFFICINGX_SECRET_KEY'] 

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! 
DEBUG = True 

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] 


# Application definition 

INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
    'django.contrib.admin', 
    'django.contrib.auth', 
    'django.contrib.contenttypes', 
    'django.contrib.sessions', 
    'django.contrib.messages', 
    'django.contrib.staticfiles', 

    'amenity.apps.AmenityConfig', 
    'booking.apps.BookingConfig', 
    'location.apps.LocationConfig', 
    'organization.apps.OrganizationConfig', 
    'photo.apps.PhotoConfig', 
    'product.apps.ProductConfig', 
    'property.apps.PropertyConfig', 
] 

MIDDLEWARE = [ 
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 
] 

ROOT_URLCONF = 'officingx.urls' 

TEMPLATES = [ 
    { 
     'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 
     'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')] 
     , 
     'APP_DIRS': True, 
     'OPTIONS': { 
      'context_processors': [ 
       'django.template.context_processors.debug', 
       'django.template.context_processors.request', 
       'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 
       'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 
      ], 
     }, 
    }, 
] 

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'officingx.wsgi.application' 


# Database 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases 

DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config()} 


# Password validation 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators 

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ 
    { 
     'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', 
    }, 
    { 
     'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', 
    }, 
    { 
     'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', 
    }, 
    { 
     'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', 
    }, 
] 


# Internationalization 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/ 

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' 

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' 

USE_I18N = True 

USE_L10N = True 

USE_TZ = True 


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) 
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/ 

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

請幫助我不明白爲什麼它不能夠讀取設置，即使遷移命令工作完全正常

來源

2017-03-21 chirag7jain

使用'蟒蛇manage.py shell'和'蟒蛇manage.py runserver'。在'manage.py'文件裏面你可以看到它是如何設置'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'變量的。如果你想使用django-admin系統命令，那麼你將需要導出'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'環境變量（'export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE =「設置文件路徑，如manage.py文件中所示'' –

您是否看不到您正在使用不同的命令？你應該堅持'manage.py'兩個。 –

@ chirag7jain下面的答案幫助你解決了你的問題嗎？ –

從docs摘自：

一般來說，在一個單一的Django項目時，使用manage.py比django-admin更容易。如果您需要在多個Django設置文件之間切換，請使用帶DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE的django-admin或--settings命令行選項。

沒有指定在django-admin一個--settings模塊（作爲參數），這就是爲什麼Django的抱怨。像這樣做：django-admin shell --settings=myproject.settings。

此外，從docs：

的設置模塊應該在Python包的語法，例如mysite.settings。如果沒有提供，django-admin將使用DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE環境變量。

你也可以做./manage.py shell

來源

2017-03-21 12:42:32

Django的設置工作不正常

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