我有以下C代碼藏起來處理問題。效率是不是彈簧想到(兩次調用setenv()
,兩次調用tzset()
)的第一個字,但標準C庫並不能使它容易做的更好:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
static void time_convert(time_t t0, char const *tz_value)
{
char old_tz[64];
strcpy(old_tz, getenv("TZ"));
setenv("TZ", tz_value, 1);
tzset();
char new_tz[64];
strcpy(new_tz, getenv("TZ"));
char buffer[64];
struct tm *lt = localtime(&t0);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", lt);
setenv("TZ", old_tz, 1);
tzset();
printf("%ld = %s (TZ=%s)\n", (long)t0, buffer, new_tz);
}
int main(void)
{
time_t t0 = time(0);
char *tz = getenv("TZ");
time_convert(t0, tz);
time_convert(t0, "UTC0");
time_convert(t0, "IST-5:30");
time_convert(t0, "EST5");
time_convert(t0, "EST5EDT");
time_convert(t0, "PST8");
time_convert(t0, "PST8PDT");
}
在你的原代碼,您必須擔心在更改小時偏移量後正常化時間結構。你可以用mktime()
函數來做到這一點。下面是根據在問題的功能,這是純C,避免了指針返回到局部變量(和#define
用分號結尾)的問題的程序:
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define PST (-8)
extern int getSecondSystemTime(char *buffer, size_t buflen);
int getSecondSystemTime(char *buffer, size_t buflen)
{
time_t rawtime = time(0);;
struct tm *timeinfo;
char t_buff[32];
timeinfo = gmtime(&rawtime);
timeinfo->tm_hour = timeinfo->tm_hour + PST;
time_t pst_time = mktime(timeinfo);
assert(pst_time != (time_t)-1);
int len = strftime(t_buff, sizeof(t_buff), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeinfo);
assert(len != 0);
int rv = snprintf(buffer, buflen, "%ld = %s (%s)", (long)rawtime, t_buff,
"Pacific Time (US & Canada)");
assert(rv > 0);
return rv;
}
int main(void)
{
char buffer[128];
getSecondSystemTime(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
printf("%s\n", buffer);
return(0);
}
顯然,更好的接口將傳遞UTC時間值和時區偏移量(以小時和分鐘爲參數)。儘管我的電腦默認運行在美國/太平洋(或America/Los_Angeles)時區,但我測試的TZ設置爲不同的值(包括US/Eastern,IST-05:30),並獲得了正確的值;基於過去的經驗,我相當確信計算是正確的。
我有另一個程序試圖解剖從mktime()
返回的-1
是否是由於錯誤或由於經轉換的時間對應於(time_t)-1
:
/* Attempt to determine whether time is really 1969-12-31 23:59:59 +00:00 */
static int unix_epoch_minus_one(const struct tm *lt)
{
printf("tm_sec = %d\n", lt->tm_sec);
if (lt->tm_sec != 59)
return(0);
printf("tm_min = %d\n", lt->tm_min);
/* Accounts for time zones such as Newfoundland (-04:30), India (+05:30) and Nepal (+05:45) */
if (lt->tm_min % 15 != 14)
return(0);
/* Years minus 1900 */
printf("tm_year = %d\n", lt->tm_year);
if (lt->tm_year != 69 && lt->tm_year != 70)
return(0);
printf("tm_mday = %d\n", lt->tm_mday);
if (lt->tm_mday != 31 && lt->tm_mday != 1)
return(0);
/* Months 0..11 */
printf("tm_mon = %d\n", lt->tm_mon);
if (lt->tm_mon != 11 && lt->tm_mon != 0)
return(0);
/* Pretend it is valid after all - though there is a small chance we are incorrect */
return 1;
}
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1657305/how-do-i-use-the-c-date-and-time-functions-on -unix – favoretti
不要在分號中加分號#define';這幾乎是不可避免的一個錯誤! –
你的代碼也返回一個由局部變量'temp'派生的指針,這個變量在調用函數獲得返回值時被銷燬......這不是幸福的祕訣。 –