用PHP解析「top」命令（Shell）的輸出

Question

我試圖用PHP導出「top」命令（unix）的輸出。使用「exex」函數調用和讀取命令/輸出非常簡單，但問題是：「top」命令輸出（順序，名稱等）總是相同嗎？或者它與我正在使用的分配有關？

有沒有什麼辦法可以在UNIX系統上「一般」解析這些信息？

在此先感謝

Answer 1

你可以使用PS而是帶有參數-A和-o像這樣：

ps -Ao %cpu,%mem,user,comm 

完全像你指定的，當你調用它會給你的輸出命令：

0.0 0.1 root  udisks-daemon 
0.0 0.0 root  udisks-daemon 
0.0 0.1 root  gdm-simple-slav 
11.0 0.4 root  Xorg 
0.0 0.1 root  NetworkManager 
0.0 0.1 root  polkitd 
0.0 0.1 root  gdm3 

參數：

-A  Select all processes. 

-o format 
       User-defined format. format is a single argument in the 
       form of a blank-separated or comma-separated list, which 
       offers a way to specify individual output columns. The 
       recognized keywords are described in the STANDARD FORMAT 
       SPECIFIERS section below. Headers may be renamed (ps -o 
       pid,ruser=RealUser -o comm=Command) as desired. If all 
       column headers are empty (ps -o pid= -o comm=) then the 
       header line will not be output. Column width will 
       increase as needed for wide headers; this may be used to 
       widen up columns such as WCHAN (ps -o pid,wchan=WIDE- 
       WCHAN-COLUMN -o comm). Explicit width control (ps opid, 
       wchan:42,cmd) is offered too. The behavior of ps -o 
       pid=X,comm=Y varies with personality; output may be one 
       column named "X,comm=Y" or two columns named "X" and "Y". 
       Use multiple -o options when in doubt. Use the PS_FORMAT 
       environment variable to specify a default as desired; 
       DefSysV and DefBSD are macros that may be used to choose 
       the default UNIX or BSD columns. 

所有標準格式說明，你可以使用，你可以找到在PS的man頁面，但我也是在這裏他們複製了方便：

https://gist.github.com/ivankovacevic/9918272

Answer 2

正如盧卡斯提到，ps可能正在打印你所期望的。如果你的Unix風格是Linux，我認爲pidstat（來自sysstat包）更適合你的需求（更不用說，以更清晰的方式記錄在我看來）。