Java GUI不斷懸掛

Question

嘿，夥計們需要你們對我在代碼中開發的java問題的幫助，我已經創建了一個基本上被用作賽車模擬器的GUI，我的事件爲我的開始事件事件這是一個開始比賽的按鈕，iv只完成比賽的第一部分，但它沒有工作，所以我想在我繼續前解決問題。它很難解釋它會更容易顯示代碼（下面是哪個），我不想嘗試用勺子喂，所以請不要開始給我不好的投票，並說我沒有給出足夠的細節，因爲我真的不知道什麼我可以說更多的是我要寫的東西。我不知道問題是什麼。當我調試它（​​因爲即時通訊使用Eclipse IDE）不工作的部分只是使整個窗口變黑，沒有什麼顯示出來大約一分鐘，然後它跳過大部分代碼，甚至不做其餘。如果你需要更多的信息，請問我，我會告訴你只有人類，而不知道你想讓我推遲的每一個細節。我有很多班，但他們可能會讓你更加困惑，所以我只會粘貼我遇到問題的班。

（注：SportCar-是一個超級班，有5個子班（Astonmatin，Audi，法拉利，保時捷，蘭博基尼））

（注意：Track是一個獨立於GUI接口的類，它是一個大類，它使用來自SportsCar及其子類的變量和方法，所有方法和變量都不是問題）

（注意：問題出在actionPerformed（ActionEvent startrace）） 我希望給予足夠的細節和任何幫助是值得歡迎的。提前感謝你。

import java.awt.*; 
    import java.awt.event.*; 
    import javax.swing.*; 
    import java.awt.GridLayout; 




public class Track extends JFrame { 

    private JComboBox ChooseYourCar; 
    private JComboBox ChooseOppsCar; 
    private JButton StartRace; 
    private JTextArea CheckYourCarAtts; 
    private JTextArea CheckOppsCarAtts; 
    private JTextArea Commentry; 
    private String temp; 
    private String temp1; 
    private String[] Cars = {"Choose Car Please ","Aston martin","Audi","Ferrari","Porsche","Lamborghini"}; 
    private int counter=0; 
    private JTextField[] Green= new JTextField[11]; 
    private JTextField[] Green1= new JTextField[11]; 
    private JPanel Track = new JPanel(); 
    private SportCar first; 
    private SportCar Second; 

    public Track(){ 
     JPanel Center = new JPanel(); 
     JPanel West = new JPanel(); 
     JPanel East= new JPanel(); 
     JPanel North = new JPanel(); 
     Track.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,11,0,3)); 


     while (counter!=11) 
     { 

      Green[counter]= new JTextField(""); 
      Green[counter].setBackground(Color.GREEN); 
      Green1[counter]= new JTextField(""); 
      Green1[counter].setBackground(Color.GREEN); 
      counter++; 
      } 


     counter= 0; 
     while (counter!=11){ 
     Track.add(Green[counter]); 
     counter++; 

     } 

     counter= 0; 
     while (counter!=11){ 
      Track.add(Green1[counter]); 
      counter++; 

     } 



     add(West, BorderLayout.WEST); 
     add(Center, BorderLayout.CENTER); 
     add(East, BorderLayout.EAST); 
     add(North,BorderLayout.NORTH); 
     add(Track,BorderLayout.SOUTH); 



     ChooseYourCar = new JComboBox(Cars); 
     West.add(ChooseYourCar); 
     ChooseOppsCar = new JComboBox(Cars); 
     West.add(ChooseOppsCar); 
     StartRace = new JButton("Start Race"); 
     East.add(StartRace); 
     CheckYourCarAtts = new JTextArea(12,30); 
     CheckYourCarAtts.setBackground(Color.RED); 
     Center.add(CheckYourCarAtts); 
     CheckOppsCarAtts = new JTextArea(12,30); 
     CheckOppsCarAtts.setBackground(Color.RED); 
     Center.add(CheckOppsCarAtts); 
     Commentry = new JTextArea(2,50); 
     North.add(Commentry); 



     event chooseyourcar = new event(); 
     ChooseYourCar.addActionListener(chooseyourcar); 
     event1 Chooseoppscar = new event1(); 
     ChooseOppsCar.addActionListener(Chooseoppscar); 
     event2 startrace = new event2(); 
     StartRace.addActionListener(startrace); 



    } 
    public class event implements ActionListener{ 
     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent chooseyourcar){ 
      if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Aston martin") 
      { 
       SportCar AstonMartin = new Astonmartin(400,1.0,1200,220); 
       String str=("ASTON MARTIN\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected \n" +"Horsepower: " +AstonMartin.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ AstonMartin.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ AstonMartin.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ AstonMartin.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ AstonMartin.GetFuelConsumption()); 
       CheckYourCarAtts.setText(str); 
      } 
      if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Audi") 
      { 
       SportCar Audi = new Audi(300,1.2,1200,200); 
       String str=("AUDI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Audi.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Audi.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Audi.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Audi.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Audi.GetFuelConsumption()); 
       CheckYourCarAtts.setText(str); 
      } 
      if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Ferrari") 
      { 
       SportCar Ferrari = new Ferrari(440,0.8,900,260); 
       String str=("FERRARI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Ferrari.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Ferrari.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Ferrari.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Ferrari.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Ferrari.GetFuelConsumption()); 
       CheckYourCarAtts.setText(str); 
      } 
      if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Porsche") 
      { 
       SportCar Porsche = new Porsche(380,0.9,1000,220); 
       String str=("PORSCHE\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Porsche.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Porsche.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Porsche.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Porsche.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Porsche.GetFuelConsumption()); 
       CheckYourCarAtts.setText(str); 
      } 
      if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Lamborghini") 
      { 
       SportCar Lamborghini = new Lamborghini(440,0.7,900,250); 
       String str=("LAMBORGHINI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Lamborghini.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Lamborghini.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Lamborghini.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Lamborghini.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Lamborghini.GetFuelConsumption()); 
       CheckYourCarAtts.setText(str); 
      } 


} 

}

 public class event1 implements ActionListener{ 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent chooseoppscar){ 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Aston martin") 
       { 
        SportCar AstonMartin = new Astonmartin(400,1.0,1200,220); 
        String str=("ASTON MARTIN\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +AstonMartin.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ AstonMartin.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ AstonMartin.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ AstonMartin.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ AstonMartin.GetFuelConsumption()); 
        CheckOppsCarAtts.setText(str); 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Audi") 
       { 
        SportCar Audi = new Audi(300,1.2,1200,200); 
        String str=("AUDI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Audi.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Audi.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Audi.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Audi.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Audi.GetFuelConsumption()); 
        CheckOppsCarAtts.setText(str); 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Ferrari") 
       { 
        SportCar Ferrari = new Ferrari(440,0.8,900,260); 
        String str=("FERRARI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Ferrari.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Ferrari.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Ferrari.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Ferrari.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Ferrari.GetFuelConsumption()); 
        CheckOppsCarAtts.setText(str); 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Porsche") 
       { 
        SportCar Porsche = new Porsche(380,0.9,1000,220); 
        String str=("PORSCHE\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Porsche.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Porsche.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Porsche.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Porsche.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Porsche.GetFuelConsumption()); 
        CheckOppsCarAtts.setText(str); 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Lamborghini") 
       { 
        SportCar Lamborghini = new Lamborghini(440,0.7,900,250); 
        String str=("LAMBORGHINI\n"+"This is the Car You have currently Selected\n" +"Horsepower: " +Lamborghini.getHorsepower()+"\n"+ "Weight: "+ Lamborghini.getWeight()+ "\n"+ "Topspeed: "+ Lamborghini.getTopspeed()+ "\n"+ "The car goes from 0-60Mph(secs) in: "+ Lamborghini.acceleration()+ "\n"+ "The Fuel Consumption is: "+ Lamborghini.GetFuelConsumption()); 
        CheckOppsCarAtts.setText(str); 
       } 
    } 
} 

     public class event2 implements ActionListener{ 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent startrace){ 
       if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Aston martin") 
       { 
        SportCar AstonMartin = new Astonmartin(400,1.0,1200,220); 
        first= AstonMartin; 
       } 
       if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Audi") 
       { 
        SportCar Audi = new Audi(300,1.2,1200,200); 
        first= Audi; 
       } 
       if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Ferrari") 
       { 
        SportCar Ferrari = new Ferrari(440,0.8,900,260); 
         first= Ferrari; 
       } 
       if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Porsche") 
       { 
        SportCar Porsche = new Porsche(380,0.9,1000,220); 
        first= Porsche; 
       } 
       if(ChooseYourCar.getSelectedItem()=="Lamborghini") 
       { 
        SportCar Lamborghini = new Lamborghini(440,0.7,900,250); 
        first= Lamborghini; 
       } 


       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Aston martin") 
       { 
        SportCar AstonMartin = new Astonmartin(400,1.0,1200,220); 
        Second= AstonMartin; 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Audi") 
       { 
        SportCar Audi = new Audi(300,1.2,1200,200); 
        Second= Audi; 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Ferrari") 
       { 
        SportCar Ferrari = new Ferrari(440,0.8,900,260); 
         Second= Ferrari; 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Porsche") 
       { 
        SportCar Porsche = new Porsche(380,0.9,1000,220); 
        Second= Porsche; 
       } 
       if(ChooseOppsCar.getSelectedItem()=="Lamborghini") 
       { 
        SportCar Lamborghini = new Lamborghini(450,0.7,900,250); 
        Second= Lamborghini; 
       } 

       ChooseYourCar.setVisible(false); 
       ChooseOppsCar.setVisible(false); 

       Commentry.setText("IT IS TIME TO GET THE SIMLATION UNDER WAY, THE TWO CARS HAVE BEEN CHOOSEN AND THERE ATTRIBUTES ARE BELOW."); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(5000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Track.setLocation(1, 1); 
       Track.setBackground(Color.BLACK); 
       Track.setLocation(2, 1); 
       Track.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); 
       Commentry.setText("THE CARS ARE NOW IN PLACE IN BLACK WE HAVE "+ first.getName()+"\n"+"WHILE OUR OTHER CAR IN ORANGE, WE HAVE "+ Second.getName()); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(5000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Commentry.setText("LETS RACE"); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(2000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Commentry.setText("3"); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(2000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Commentry.setText("2"); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(2000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Commentry.setText("1"); 
       try { 
        Thread.sleep(2000); 
       } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
       } 
       Commentry.setText("GO"); 


       double firstCurrentPosition = (first.getcurrentspeed()+first.getGrip()); 
       double secondCurrentPosition = (Second.getcurrentspeed()+Second.getGrip()); 
       if(firstCurrentPosition>secondCurrentPosition){ 
        Track.setLocation(1, 1); 
        Track.setBackground(Color.GREEN); 
        Track.setLocation(2, 1); 
        Track.setBackground(Color.GREEN); 

        Track.setLocation(1, 3); 
        Track.setBackground(Color.BLACK); 
        Track.setLocation(2, 2); 
        Track.setBackground(Color.ORANGE); 
        Commentry.setText("WOW "+ firstCurrentPosition+ " "+ secondCurrentPosition); 
        } 

     } 

     } 


    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
     Track window = new Track(); 
     window.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
     window.setSize(750,530); 
     window.setVisible(true); 
     window.setTitle("Car Race Simulator"); 


     } 


} 

Answer 1

這是很難讓我抓住你的問題，一段時間後，我明白了標題爲「Java的GUI總是崩潰」，其實指的「Java GUI掛起」。很明顯的情況：由於Thread.sleep（）調用，你在「event2.actionPerformed（）」方法中做了太多工作，所以事件調度線程[也稱爲EDT]所有偵聽器的「actionPerfomed（）」方法都會被阻塞，直到長時間運行的方法完成。因此，在按下StartRace按鈕後GUI會「掛起」很長一段時間！

簡單的答案：使用SwingWorker（自Java 6以來可用於Java運行時）！這裏有兩個很好的例子：

• How do I use SwingWorker in Java?
• Use of SwingWorker to do complex tasks in background

我會更詳盡地解釋了需要的SwingWorker，但也有在網絡上，例如已經有很多優秀的解釋

• Customize SwingWorker to improve Swing GUIs
• Wikipedia on SwingWorker

PS
更多信息：移動長時間運行代碼在一個工人類，例如

class RaceWorker extends SwingWorker<Void, Void> { 
     @Override 
     protected Void doInBackground() throws Exception { 
      // ... long running code here ... 
      return null; 
     } 
    } 

所以「actionPerformed（）」方法看起來像例如：

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent startrace) { 
     new RaceWorker().execute(); 
    } 

PPS
順便說一句......我預測你一個非常困難的時期，不實施，但與代碼：例如只要您嘗試從StartWorker訪問當前名爲「Track」的成員變量，編譯器就會將其與「Track」類名稱混淆，並拒絕編譯。我的（不問的）建議：首先清理方法，變量和成員變量的命名，然後使用SwingWorker進行重構。這樣你會節省大量的時間和麻煩。關於通常的Java代碼約定的簡潔概述在這篇關於Naming convention/Java的維基百科文章中，對於您的代碼應該足夠了[我個人確實使用「實例變量下劃線」，但這是一個品味和體驗問題）。爲了完整起見：「官方」Java代碼約定來自Oracle。