Ruby on Rails的教程章8.1.5未定義的方法 'find_by'

我已經完成了第8章的第一部分，只有與這些2個錯誤打招呼：Ruby on Rails的教程章8.1.5未定義的方法 'find_by'

Failures: 

    1) Authentication signin with invalid information 
    Failure/Error: before { click_button "Sign in" } 
    NoMethodError: 
     undefined method `find_by' for #<Class:0xab805ec> 
    # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:7:in `create' 
    # (eval):2:in `click_button' 
    # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:18:in `block (4 levels) in <top required)>' 

    2) Authentication signin with invalid information 
    Failure/Error: before { click_button "Sign in" } 
    NoMethodError: 
     undefined method `find_by' for #<Class:0xab805ec> 
    # ./app/controllers/sessions_controller.rb:7:in `create' 
    # (eval):2:in `click_button' 
    # ./spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb:18:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

所需的文件：

sessions_controller

class SessionsController < ApplicationController 
    def new 
    end 

    def create 
    user = User.find_by(email: params[:session][:email].downcase) 
    if user && user.authenticate(params[:session][:password]) 
     # Sign the user in and redirect to the user's show page. 
    else 
     flash.now[:error] = 'Invalid email/password combination' 
     render 'new' 
    end 
    end 

    def destroy 
    end 
end

認證頁面符合規範

require 'spec_helper' 

describe "Authentication" do 

subject { page } 

describe "signin page" do 
    before { visit signin_path } 

    it { should have_content('Sign in') } 
    it { should have_title('Sign in') } 
end 

describe "signin" do 
    before { visit signin_path } 

    describe "with invalid information" do 
    before { click_button "Sign in" } 

    it { should have_title('Sign in') } 
    it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-error', text: 'Invalid') } 
    end 

    describe "after visiting another page" do 
     before { click_link "Home" } 
     it { should_not have_selector('div.alert.alert-error') } 
    end 
    end 

    describe "with valid information" do 
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } 
    before do 
     fill_in "Email", with: user.email.upcase 
     fill_in "Password", with: user.password 
     click_button "Sign in" 
    end 

    it { should have_title(user.name) } 
    it { should have_link('Profile',  href: user_path(user)) } 
    it { should have_link('Sign out', href: signout_path) } 
    it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) } 
    end 

end

我開始研究，通過放入各種片段的錯誤，並通讀類似的問題，並嘗試了他們的解決方案，但無濟於事。即使盯着代碼，我發現問題在於session控制器內部的create方法，特別是find_by方法。對於rails及其概念相當陌生，我仍然感到困惑。任何幫助和解釋將不勝感激。

來源

2013-08-06 Hurman Gul

我認爲你是使用Rails的舊版本

對於軌道4

User.find_by(email: params[:session][:email].downcase)

對於舊版本的嘗試

User.find_by_email(params[:session][:email].downcase)

來源

2013-08-06 14:00:27 Salil

謝謝因爲它有效，但我仍然有一個呃ror：'失敗/錯誤：it {should have_title（'Sign in'）} NoMethodError：未定義的方法'has_title？'對於＃'問題在於行內** it {should have_title（'Sign in'）} **。我檢查了我的new.html.erb，它確實有標題。我注意到該行並通過了測試。但是我希望測試能夠通過而不用評論這些線。請你的想法？ –

這應該這樣做：

user = User.find_by_email(params[:session][:email].downcase)

來源

2013-08-06 13:59:57

Ruby on Rails的教程章8.1.5未定義的方法 'find_by'

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