編輯一系列文件並從var列表中替換變量

Question

我是一名生物學家，但對linux系統知之甚少。

我有每個目錄中的文本文件xyz.txt N否的目錄（dir1，dir2 .. dirN）。我想用"probability = some variable"行編輯每個文件。 「一些變量」應該由變量列表中的相應值替換，變量來自variable.txt。

variable.txt看起來像以下：

1 23 
2 54 
3 89 
4 102 
. 
. 
. 
N 1000 

誰能幫我寫一個bash腳本。

Answer 1

你可以使用這個腳本：你描述

# read variable.txt in an array 
arr=("") 
while read k v; do arr+=($v); done < variable.txt 

# now start replacing xyz.txt in each subdir 
i=1; 
while read file; do 
    repl=${arr[$i]} 
    sed -i.bak "s/\(probability = \)some variable/\1$repl/" "$file" 
    i=((i++)) 
done < <(find /some/path -name "xyz.txt") 

Answer 2

假設名稱是預先知道的和後綴，你可以試試下面的腳本

while read number prob ; 
do 
    sed -i.bak "s/probability = .*$/probability = $prob/" dir$number/xyz.txt 
done < variable.txt 

演示：

$ cat t.sh 
#!/bin/bash 

while read number prob ; 
do 
    sed -i.bak "s/probability = .*$/probability = $prob/" dir$number/xyz.txt 
done < variable.txt 
$ for i in {1..4} ; do cat -n dir$i/xyz.txt; done 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = some value 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = some value 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = some value 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = some value 
$ cat variable.txt 
1 23 
2 54 
3 89 
4 102 
$ ./t.sh 
$ for i in {1..4} ; do cat -n dir$i/xyz.txt; done 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = 23 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = 54 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = 89 
    1 tata 
    2 probability = 102