我正在爲GCSE計算,我們的受控評估的任務之一是創建一個帶有GUI的計算器。如何使用tkinter在Python中使用GUI編程計算器?
我能夠編寫一個沒有GUI的簡單計算器,但我不明白如何使用GUI完成它。
下面是我從teampython.wordpress.com得到的代碼,我隱約可以理解,但如果有人能夠向我解釋每個單獨的步驟,這將非常有幫助。
# calc.py - a Python calculator
from tkinter import *
class Calc():
def __init__(self):
self.total = 0
self.current = ""
self.new_num = True
self.op_pending = False
self.op = ""
self.eq = False
def num_press(self, num):
self.eq = False
temp = text_box.get()
temp2 = str(num)
if self.new_num:
self.current = temp2
self.new_num = False
else:
if temp2 == '.':
if temp2 in temp:
return
self.current = temp + temp2
self.display(self.current)
def calc_total(self):
self.eq = True
self.current = float(self.current)
if self.op_pending == True:
self.do_sum()
else:
self.total = float(text_box.get())
def display(self, value):
text_box.delete(0, END)
text_box.insert(0, value)
def do_sum(self):
if self.op == "add":
self.total += self.current
if self.op == "minus":
self.total -= self.current
if self.op == "times":
self.total *= self.current
if self.op == "divide":
self.total /= self.current
self.new_num = True
self.op_pending = False
self.display(self.total)
def operation(self, op):
self.current = float(self.current)
if self.op_pending:
self.do_sum()
elif not self.eq:
self.total = self.current
self.new_num = True
self.op_pending = True
self.op = op
self.eq = False
def cancel(self):
self.eq = False
self.current = "0"
self.display(0)
self.new_num = True
def all_cancel(self):
self.cancel()
self.total = 0
def sign(self):
self.eq = False
self.current = -(float(text_box.get()))
self.display(self.current)
sum1 = Calc()
root = Tk()
calc = Frame(root)
calc.grid()
root.title("Calculator")
text_box = Entry(calc, justify=RIGHT)
text_box.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3, pady = 5)
text_box.insert(0, "0")
numbers = "789456123"
i = 0
bttn = []
for j in range(1,4):
for k in range(3):
bttn.append(Button(calc, text = numbers[i]))
bttn[i].grid(row = j, column = k, pady = 5)
bttn[i]["command"] = lambda x = numbers[i]: sum1.num_press(x)
i += 1
bttn_0 = Button(calc, text = "0")
bttn_0["command"] = lambda: sum1.num_press(0)
bttn_0.grid(row = 4, column = 1, pady = 5)
bttn_div = Button(calc, text = chr(247))
bttn_div["command"] = lambda: sum1.operation("divide")
bttn_div.grid(row = 1, column = 3, pady = 5)
bttn_mult = Button(calc, text = "x")
bttn_mult["command"] = lambda: sum1.operation("times")
bttn_mult.grid(row = 2, column = 3, pady = 5)
minus = Button(calc, text = "-")
minus["command"] = lambda: sum1.operation("minus")
minus.grid(row = 3, column = 3, pady = 5)
point = Button(calc, text = ".")
point["command"] = lambda: sum1.num_press(".")
point.grid(row = 4, column = 0, pady = 5)
add = Button(calc, text = "+")
add["command"] = lambda: sum1.operation("add")
add.grid(row = 4, column = 3, pady = 5)
neg= Button(calc, text = "+/-")
neg["command"] = sum1.sign
neg.grid(row = 5, column = 0, pady = 5)
clear = Button(calc, text = "C")
clear["command"] = sum1.cancel
clear.grid(row = 5, column = 1, pady = 5)
all_clear = Button(calc, text = "AC")
all_clear["command"] = sum1.all_cancel
all_clear.grid(row = 5, column = 2, pady = 5)
equals = Button(calc, text = "=")
equals["command"] = sum1.calc_total
equals.grid(row = 5, column = 3, pady = 5)
root.mainloop()
爲什麼要用PyQt?對於正在學習GUI編程的初學者來說,tkinter有什麼問題?這是一個*奇妙的GUI學習工具包,加上它可能已經安裝。我對PyQt沒有任何反應,但是如果你要提供建議,至少應該解釋一下你爲什麼建議採用不同的方法。沒有解釋,建議是沒用的。 –