Tomcat上的部署：解析方法時的約束違規「org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.getLoggerFactory（）Lorg/slf4j/ILoggerFactory;」

Question

我在Tomcat 8.0.22部署的Shibboleth的IdP 3.1.1，但我收到此錯誤：

java version "1.7.0_80" 
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_80-b15) 
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.80-b11, mixed mode) 

我把$CATALINA_HOME/lib罐子：

SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-13] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 
org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [net.shibboleth.ext.spring.context.DeferPlaceholderFileSystemXmlWebApplicationContext]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: when resolving method "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.getLoggerFactory()Lorg/slf4j/ILoggerFactory;" the class loader (instance of org/apache/catalina/loader/WebappClassLoader) of the current class, org/slf4j/LoggerFactory, and the class loader (instance of java/net/URLClassLoader) for resolved class, org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder, have different Class objects for the type LoggerFactory; used in the signature 
    at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:163) 
    at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:104) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:360) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:293) 
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4729) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5167) 
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.start(ManagerServlet.java:1293) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.start(HTMLManagerServlet.java:673) 
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.HTMLManagerServlet.doPost(HTMLManagerServlet.java:221) 
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:648) 
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) 
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.CsrfPreventionFilter.doFilter(CsrfPreventionFilter.java:213) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) 
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:108) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106) 
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:614) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142) 
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) 
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:617) 
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88) 
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518) 
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091) 
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:668) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1521) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1478) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) 
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) 
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) 
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 
Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: when resolving method "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.getLoggerFactory()Lorg/slf4j/ILoggerFactory;" the class loader (instance of org/apache/catalina/loader/WebappClassLoader) of the current class, org/slf4j/LoggerFactory, and the class loader (instance of java/net/URLClassLoader) for resolved class, org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder, have different Class objects for the type LoggerFactory; used in the signature 
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:336) 
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:284) 
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:305) 
    at net.shibboleth.ext.spring.context.FileSystemXmlWebApplicationContext.<init>(FileSystemXmlWebApplicationContext.java:35) 
    at net.shibboleth.ext.spring.context.DeferPlaceholderFileSystemXmlWebApplicationContext.<init>(DeferPlaceholderFileSystemXmlWebApplicationContext.java:33) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526) 
    at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:147) 
    ... 39 more 

有關Java版本的信息： slf4j-api-1.7.12.jar，slf4j-log4j12-1.7.12.jar和nlog4j-1.2.14.jar

但是這並不能解決問題。我試圖把org.slf4j作爲maven中的依賴項，但是不能工作。

有沒有辦法解決這個異常？感謝您的任何建議。

Answer 1

問題已解決。我用MVN依賴：樹看到了依賴性：

ricardo@ricardo-SW6H:~/Documents/teste_rabbit/java-identity-provider/branches/3.1/idp-war$ mvn dependency:tree 
[INFO] Scanning for projects... 
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'dependency'. 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] Building Shibboleth IdP :: War 
[INFO] task-segment: [dependency:tree] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] [dependency:tree {execution: default-cli}] 
[INFO] net.shibboleth.idp:idp-war:war:3.1.1 
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.10:compile 
[INFO] +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.2:runtime 
[INFO] | \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.2:runtime 
[INFO] +- org.testng:testng:jar:6.8.8:compile 
[INFO] | \- com.beust:jcommander:jar:1.47:compile (version managed from 1.27) 
[INFO] +- org.beanshell:bsh:jar:2.0b4:compile 
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.10:compile 
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.10:compile 
[INFO] +- xmlunit:xmlunit:jar:1.5:compile 
[INFO] +- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.10:compile 
[INFO] +- edu.vt.middleware:idp-memcached-storage:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile 
[INFO] | +- net.spy:spymemcached:jar:2.11.4:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.cryptacular:cryptacular:jar:1.0:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.10:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-filter-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-filter-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-filter-spring:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  | \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile 
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile (version managed from 4.0.6.RELEASE) 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-resolver-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-resolver-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.apache.velocity:velocity:jar:1.7:compile 
[INFO] | | +- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.1:compile 
[INFO] | | \- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.4:compile 
[INFO] | +- joda-time:joda-time:jar:2.7:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.ldaptive:ldaptive:jar:1.0.6:compile 
[INFO] | \- javax.json:javax.json-api:jar:1.0:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-attribute-resolver-spring:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- com.mchange:c3p0:jar:0.9.2.1:compile 
[INFO] |  \- com.mchange:mchange-commons-java:jar:0.2.3.4:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-authn-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.glassfish:javax.json:jar:1.0.4:runtime 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-authn-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.springframework.webflow:spring-webflow:jar:2.4.1.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  +- opensymphony:ognl:jar:2.6.11:compile 
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.webflow:spring-binding:jar:2.4.1.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.webflow:spring-js:jar:2.4.1.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  | \- org.springframework.webflow:spring-js-resources:jar:2.4.1.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-consent:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-cas-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-cas-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.3.6:compile 
[INFO] |  \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.3.3:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-core:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-profile-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-profile-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-profile-spring:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-saml-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-saml-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-schema:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-session-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-session-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.idp:idp-ui:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.ext:spring-extensions:jar:5.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient-cache:jar:4.3.6:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-core:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-messaging-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-messaging-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-profile-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-profile-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-saml-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-saml-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-security-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.apache.santuario:xmlsec:jar:2.0.3:compile 
[INFO] | | \- org.codehaus.woodstox:woodstox-core-asl:jar:4.4.1:compile 
[INFO] | |  +- javax.xml.stream:stax-api:jar:1.0-2:compile 
[INFO] | |  \- org.codehaus.woodstox:stax2-api:jar:3.1.4:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on:jar:1.51:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-security-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-soap-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-soap-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-storage-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-storage-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:4.3.5.Final:compile 
[INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.3.GA:compile 
[INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging-annotations:jar:1.2.0.Beta1:compile 
[INFO] | | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.3.5.Final:compile 
[INFO] | | | +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile 
[INFO] | | | \- org.jboss:jandex:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile 
[INFO] | | +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile 
[INFO] | | | \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile 
[INFO] | | +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.4.Final:compile 
[INFO] | | +- org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction:jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile 
[INFO] | | \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.18.1-GA:compile 
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-xmlsec-api:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.opensaml:opensaml-xmlsec-impl:jar:3.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.0:compile 
[INFO] +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:18.0:compile 
[INFO] +- org.codehaus.janino:janino:jar:2.7.8:compile 
[INFO] | \- org.codehaus.janino:commons-compiler:jar:2.7.8:compile 
[INFO] +- net.shibboleth.utilities:java-support:jar:7.1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- javax.mail:mail:jar:1.4.7:compile 
[INFO] | \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile 
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:compile 
[INFO] +- javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:jar:3.0.1:provided 
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.1.5.RELEASE:test 
[INFO] \- net.shibboleth.utilities:java-support:test-jar:tests:7.1.1:test 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
[INFO] Total time: 4 seconds 
[INFO] Finished at: Sun Jul 05 21:56:37 CEST 2015 
[INFO] Final Memory: 39M/345M 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

利用這個結果，我把這個依賴在pom.xml：

<!-- language:lang-xml --> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
    <version>1.7.10</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> 
    <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> 
    <version>1.1.2</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.testng</groupId> 
    <artifactId>testng</artifactId> 
    <version>6.8.8</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.beanshell</groupId> 
    <artifactId>bsh</artifactId> 
    <version>2.0b4</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> 
    <version>1.7.10</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
    <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId> 
    <version>1.7.10</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency> 
    <groupId>xmlunit</groupId> 
    <artifactId>xmlunit</artifactId> 
    <version>1.5</version> 
</dependency> 
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
    <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId> 
    <version>1.7.10</version> 
</dependency> 

現在的問題就解決了。非常感謝你的幫助。

Answer 2

這意味着你可能有SLF4J的兩種不同librairies在你的戰爭

org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder, have different Class objects for the type LoggerFactory; used in the signature 

您可以使用命令來查找應用程序注入SLF4J依賴。

mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -Dincludes=commons-collections 

resolving conflicts using the dependency tree

，並排除依賴關係Maven中：

<dependency>  
    [...] 
    <exclusions> 
     <exclusion> 
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
     </exclusion> 
    </exclusions> 
<dependency> 

你也可以解壓縮WAR文件，並期待在WEB-INF/lib中/找到不同版本SLF4J的你有。

Answer 3

此問題可能是因爲在servlet容器（Ex Tomcat）中有一個jar。

例如：在Tomcat的lib

• 有人保存了一些LIB（在這種情況下SLF4J）。
• 您爲該tomcat部署了一個新項目。
• 在你的新項目中，你的一些依賴對這個lib有依賴關係。
• 再就是被複制在Tomcat中相同的JAR和WAR新項目的

然後你得到這樣的錯誤消息。

解決這個問題的方法就是用「範圍」來表示它被提供。

 <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
      <version>1.7.6</version> 
      <scope>provided</scope> 
     </dependency> 

通過這樣做，WAR文件將不包括該依賴關係。

Answer 4

如果您正在使用彈簧引導啓動，網絡1.5.1.RELEASE.jar，那麼你就需要排除月至SLF4J-1.7.22.jar，JCL-過slf4j- 1.7.22.jar。這兩個罐子有衝突slf4j-api。

<plugin> 
    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 
    <version>2.6</version> 
    <configuration>   
    <packagingExcludes>   
    WEB-INF/lib/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.22.jar,WEB-INF/lib/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.22.jar   
    </packagingExcludes>   
    </configuration>   
</plugin>