virtualenv不會創建PYTHONPATH/pip安裝的包不起作用

Question

我在win7下的cygwin上使用virtualenv 1.9.1。每個virtualenv都創建時沒有任何選項（顯然不是目錄名稱）。沒有華麗的定製。

所有的virtualenvs都是新鮮的，因爲我沒有創建任何包裝腳本，也沒有編輯任何virtualenv腳本。我完全肯定我沒有做任何特別的事情（即，除了濫用virtualenv，而不是採取妨礙其操作的行動），這導致PYTHONPATH在多個虛擬世界中缺席。

對於每個新的virtualenv，virtualenv激活腳本不會創建PYTHONPATH。 pip在$VIRTUAL_ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/<packagedir>下安裝軟件包（例如lib/python2.7/site-packages/html5lib）。

pip的行爲似乎是可取的。 但是，運行python（激活virtualenv後）不會導致可裝載pip的軟件包（即「no module named ...」）。

更新：將一個PYTHONPATH添加到activate確實「解決」了問題。顯然，我不想手動維護這個，也不必更新activate_this.py。我仍然想知道爲什麼virtualenvs現在不能直接使用。

解決方案是什麼？ virtualenv從來沒有用過這樣做。現在有什麼問題？

更新2：這裏是-vv運行的virtualenv的輸出：

$ virtualenv -vv newvirtualenv 
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7 
Symlinking Python bootstrap modules 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/config 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/os.py 
    Ignoring built-in bootstrap module: posix 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/posixpath.py 
    Cannot import bootstrap module: nt 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/ntpath.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/genericpath.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/fnmatch.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/locale.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/encodings 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/codecs.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/stat.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/UserDict.py 
    File newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/readline.dll already exists 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/copy_reg.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/types.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/re.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_parse.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_constants.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_compile.py 
    File newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/zlib.dll already exists 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/warnings.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/linecache.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/_abcoll.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/abc.py 
    Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/_weakrefset.py 
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages 
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site.py 
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/orig-prefix.txt 
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/no-global-site-packages.txt 
Creating parent directories for newvirtualenv/include 
Symlinking newvirtualenv/include/python2.7 
Creating newvirtualenv/bin 
New python executable in newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7 
Changed mode of newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7 to 0755 
Also creating executable in newvirtualenv/bin/python 
Changed mode of newvirtualenv/bin/python to 0755 
Testing executable with newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys;out=sys.stdout;getattr(out, "buffer", out).write(sys.prefix.encode("utf-8"))" 
Got sys.prefix result: u'/cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv' 
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils 
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils/__init__.py 
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils/distutils.cfg 
Using existing setuptools egg: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg 
Installing setuptools... 
    Running command /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...ualenv/bin/python2.7 -c "#!python 
\"\"\"Bootstra...sys.argv[1:]) 






" -v /usr/lib/python2.7/s...ols-0.6c11-py2.7.egg 
    Processing setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg 
    Copying setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages 
    Adding setuptools 0.6c11 to easy-install.pth file 
    Saving /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/easy-install.pth 
    Installing easy_install script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin 
    changing mode of /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin/easy_install to 755 
    Installing easy_install-2.7 script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin 
    changing mode of /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin/easy_install-2.7 to 755 

    Installed /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg 
    Processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11 
    Finished processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11 
...Installing setuptools...done. 
Installing existing pip-1.3.1.tar.gz distribution: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.3.1.tar.gz 
Installing pip... 
    Running command /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...ualenv/bin/python2.7 -x /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...env/bin/easy_install /usr/lib/python2.7/s...ort/pip-1.3.1.tar.gz 
    Processing pip-1.3.1.tar.gz 
    Running pip-1.3.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-ZP_VIv/pip-1.3.1/egg-dist-tmp-H3XBh_ 
    warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'docs' 
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.txt' found under directory 'docs/_build' 
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build/_sources' 
    Adding pip 1.3.1 to easy-install.pth file 
    Installing pip script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin 
    Installing pip-2.7 script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin 

    Installed /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.3.1-py2.7.egg 
    Processing dependencies for pip==1.3.1 
    Finished processing dependencies for pip==1.3.1 
...Installing pip...done. 
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate 
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate.fish 
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate_this.py 
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate.csh 

Answer 1

我在Win7上運行cygwin的Python。我已使用this安裝easy_install。然後點，然後virtualenv。然後跑virtualenv newve，然後source newve/bin/activate，然後pip安裝了一個包（IPython）。一切正常。我可以從Python REPL導入，程序可以工作，並且路徑設置正確。 PYTHONPATH從未設置在任何地方。我很茫然。

嘗試重新安裝所有東西？

編輯：

實測出的easy_install是在cygwin包python-setuptools可用。

Answer 2

我能想到的唯一的事情就是PYTHONPATH已設置。由於Cygwin繼承了所有Windows的環境變量，因此如果已經設置了PYTHONPATH，virtualenv將使用它而不是正確的目錄。檢查Windows下是否已設置PYTHONPATH。如果是，請刪除它並再次嘗試virtualenv。同時檢查你的.bashrc文件，看看是否設置了PYTHONPATH。爲什麼你不能使用Windows的普通Python？你在寫一個POSIX腳本嗎？