如何將規則應用於日期時間變量？

Question

我有以下一天類型：

daytypes = { 
    'Holidays_1': (
     date(2017, 4, 20), 
     date(2017, 7, 10) 
    ), 
    'Holidays_2': (
     date(2017, 2, 5), 
     date(2017, 5, 12), 
     date(2017, 12, 14) 
    ) 
} 

我想知道，如果新的日期指的是位於任何節前1天勞動日（週一至週五），它是不是一個節日本身。

例如，我有以下三個datetime變量：

from datetime import datetime 
dt1 = datetime.strptime("2017-02-04 11:12:20.0", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f") 
dt2 = datetime.strptime("2017-05-11 20:00:00.0", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f") 
dt3 = datetime.strptime("2017-02-06 12:00:00.0", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f") 

只有dt2對應於指定的規則。

我該怎麼做？

Answer 1

我解決這樣說：

holidays = [] 
for d in daytypes: 
    holidays.extend(daytypes[d]) 

if (dt.isoweekday() >= 1 and dt.isoweekday() <= 5 and date(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day + 1) in holidays): 
    print "Date is within 1 day of a holiday." 
else: 
    print "Date is a weekday and not within 1 day of a holiday." 

Answer 2

試試這個

from datetime import datetime as date 
from datetime import timedelta, datetime 

daytypes = { 
    'Holidays_1': (
     date(2017, 4, 20), 
     date(2017, 7, 10) 
    ), 
    'Holidays_2': (
     date(2017, 2, 5), 
     date(2017, 5, 12), 
     date(2017, 12, 14) 
    ) 
} 

holidays = [] 
for d in daytypes: 
    holidays.extend(daytypes[d]) 

dt2 = datetime.strptime("2017-05-11 20:00:00.0", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f") 

for h in holidays: 
    if h-dt2 < timedelta(1) and h-dt2 > timedelta(0): 
     return True 

Answer 3

這裏是一個快速的功能來做到這一點。該功能會讀取假期字典，並根據這些假期評估輸入日期，並會返回輸入日期是否爲週末，假日1天內或週末不假日1天內。如果需要，您可以更改函數以返回更多或更少的細節，但這應符合您描述的需求。

def check_holidays(holidays, input_date): 
    if input_date.weekday() >= 5: 
     return 'Is a weekend date' 
    for holiday, holiday_dates in holidays.items(): 
     holiday_range = [] 
     for h_date in holiday_dates: 
      holiday_range.append(h_date) 
      holiday_range.append(h_date - timedelta(days=1)) 
     if input_date.date() in holiday_range: 
      return 'Date is within 1 day of a holiday' 
    return 'Date is a weekday and not within 1 day of a holiday' 

Answer 4

您可以使用weekday()函數來獲取星期幾是日期對象。該函數返回一個從0（星期一）到6（星期日）的整數。

例如：

>>> from datetime import datetime, date 
>>> dt1 = datetime.strptime("2017-02-04 11:12:20.0", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f") 
>>> holiday1 = date(2017, 02, 05) 
>>> # Is the holiday one day ahead of the date? 
>>> print date(dt1.year, dt1.month, dt1.day + 1) == holiday1 
True 
>>> # Is the date a weekday? 
>>> print dt1.weekday() in range(0,4) # Days from 0 to 4 are working days 
False 

文檔是在這裏：https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#datetime.date.weekday

編輯：您可以使用一個for循環遍歷每個假期：

for holiday_tuple in daytypes.keys(): 
    for holiday in holiday_tuple: 
     # Do whatever you need here 
     print date(dtx.year, dtx.month, dtx.day + 1) == holiday 

凡DTX是任何聲明的datetime對象。您也可以使用額外的for循環遍歷datetime對象的列表。