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我有兩個型號Order和Orderitem Order收集了客戶的信息並跟蹤其狀態的客戶訂單是英寸應該如何創建在Django更好的模式
class Order(SmartModel):
#each individual status
SUBMITTED = 1 # the credit card was valid or mobilemoney was recieved.It is ready for us to process the order
PROCESSED = 2 # After submitted orders are reviewed, we can mark them as processed, letting deliverers know order is ready to be shipped
DELIVERED = 3 # the order has been processed and approved by the adminstrator(in this case us), it can delivered.
CANCELLED = 4 # Customer called the company and decided they didnt want to go through with the order either by phone or email.
# SET OF POSSIBLE STATUSES
ORDER_STATUSES = ((SUBMITTED,'Submitted'),(PROCESSED,'Processed'),(DELIVERED,'Delivered'),(CANCELLED,'Cancelled'),)
#Order info
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
status = models.IntegerField(choices=ORDER_STATUSES, default=SUBMITTED)
last_updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
# transaction_id = models.CharField(max_length=20)
#contact info
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50)
phone = PhoneNumberField(max_length=20,default='+250785559899')
#delivery information
delivery_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
delivery_city = models.CharField(max_length = 50)
delivery_address = models.CharField(max_length=50,help_text="e.g Klab 6th floor,Telecomhouse,Kacyiru")
restaurant = models.ForeignKey(Restaurant,default='1')
OrderItem另持有的項目，並數量
class OrderItem(SmartModel):
shopping_id = models.CharField(max_length=50,db_index=True)
quantity = models.IntegerField(default=0)
item = models.ForeignKey(Item)
order = models.ForeignKey(Order)
正在創建類似的模型。
try:
order= Order.objects.get(pk=order_id)
restaurant = Restaurant.objects.get(pk=restaurant_id)
except:
order = Order(created_by=anon_user,modified_by=anon_user)
order.save()
oi=OrderItem(order=order,shopping_id=_shopping_id(request),
quantity=quantity,
item=i,
created_by=anon_user,
modified_by=anon_user)
oi.save()
現在，你在OrderItem看到，我有一個外鍵order，這是因爲我希望能有一個具有訂單項目，其數量和Order細節的模型。但這是行不通的，我得到一個沒有類型的錯誤，coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, NoneType found。
我需要幫助瞭解如何使這項工作。
Traceback:
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
136. response = response.render()
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/response.py" in render
104. self._set_content(self.rendered_content)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/response.py" in rendered_content
81. content = template.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
140. return self._render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/utils.py" in instrumented_test_render
62. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
123. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/utils.py" in instrumented_test_render
62. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
123. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/utils.py" in instrumented_test_render
62. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
123. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/utils.py" in instrumented_test_render
62. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
123. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/utils.py" in instrumented_test_render
62. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
62. result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
62. result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
62. result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
62. result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py" in render
185. nodelist.append(node.render(context))
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
1202. return self.nodelist.render(new_context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py" in render
476. output = self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py" in render
281. return nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py" in render
281. return nodelist.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
823. bit = self.render_node(node, context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render_node
74. return node.render(context)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py" in render
87. output = force_unicode(output)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py" in force_unicode
71. s = unicode(s)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in __unicode__
411. return self.as_widget()
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/forms.py" in as_widget
458. return widget.render(name, self.value(), attrs=attrs)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/widgets.py" in render
547. options = self.render_options(choices, [value])
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/widgets.py" in render_options
570. for option_value, option_label in chain(self.choices, choices):
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in __iter__
897. yield self.choice(obj)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in choice
903. return (self.field.prepare_value(obj), self.field.label_from_instance(obj))
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/forms/models.py" in label_from_instance
954. return smart_unicode(obj)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py" in smart_unicode
39. return force_unicode(s, encoding, strings_only, errors)
File "/home/mats-invasion/projects/f4l/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py" in force_unicode
71. s = unicode(s)
Exception Type: TypeError at /incoming_orders/orderitem/create/
Exception Value: coercing to Unicode: need string or buffer, NoneType found
我想你會需要包括一些追溯信息。你在哪裏得到錯誤？它發生什麼？ – 2013-02-20 21:20:45
它與管理類實用工具smartmin，[https://github.com/nyaruka/smartmin] – 2013-02-20 21:24:27