2017-01-29 136 views
-2

我是編程新手。我很困惑這個類/實例/方法的定義。類,實例/對象方法

我有一個簡單的問題。

如果我在一張紙上用紅筆畫一個正方形,有人可以在這裏解釋什麼是類,方法和對象嗎?

此外,這裏是一個真正的程序代碼。基於上述說明,我該如何開始同樣思考Python?

import turtle 

def draw_square(): 
     window = turtle.Screen() #canvas to draw on 
     window.bgcolor("red") 

     brad = turtle.Turtle() 
     brad.shape("triangle") 
     brad.speed('10000') 
     brad.forward(100) 
     brad.right(90) 
     brad.forward(100) 
     brad.right(90) 
     brad.forward(100) 
     brad.right(90) 
     brad.forward(100) 




     window.exitonclick() 


draw_square() 
+1

類是一個事物的描述(例如:一個'Cat'的概念)。對象是類的實例(例如:弗雷迪是虎斑貓)。方法是函數/動作(例如:'Freddie.meow()') – CollinD

+0

這肯定有幫助!謝謝 –

回答

1

在你的類比,類將是「廣場」,因爲它是代表什麼類型的一個抽象的概念(在這種情況下,事情你在紙上繪圖的類型)。 「繪製」將是方法,因爲它是在對象上執行的動作。該對象將是您繪製的特定方形。所以,如果你畫出兩個相同的正方形,你會得到兩個對象,它們都具有相同的類。

我評論了你的代碼給個說法吧:

import turtle 

def draw_square(): # We are defining a method 
     window = turtle.Screen() # window is an object. Its class is turtle.Screen 
     window.bgcolor("red") # We are calling the bgcolor() method, which sets the color 

     brad = turtle.Turtle() # We are creating an object called brad, whose class is turtle.Turtle 
     brad.shape("triangle") # We are calling a method on brad, called shape 
     brad.speed('10000') # We are calling a method on brad, called speed 
     brad.forward(100)  # We are calling a method on brad, called forward 
     brad.right(90)   # etc. etc. 
     brad.forward(100) 
     brad.right(90) 
     brad.forward(100) 
     brad.right(90) 
     brad.forward(100) 




     window.exitonclick() # We are calling a method on window, called exitonclick 


draw_square() # We are calling a method called draw_square, which we defined above 
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