awk的多個分隔符和打印多列

Question

我試圖從日誌輸出

實例日誌文件的兩行創建了一個CSV文件：

May 24 2013 18:13:24 ROUTER1 %%01IFNET/4/UPDOWN(l): The state of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33 ROUTER1 %%01FIB/3/REFRESH_END(l): FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

預期輸出：

May 24 2013 18:13:24,ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN,The state of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33,ROUTER1,01IFNET,3,REFRESH_END,FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

我可以通過這個awk命令設法得到幾個部分：

cat test.log | awk -F'[" "%%/(l)]' '{print $1" "$2" "$3","$4","$5","$8","$9","$10","}' 

輸出：

May 24 2013 18:13:24,ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN, 
May 24 2013 17:59:33,ROUTER1,01IFNET,3,REFRESH_END, 

但我怎麼能捕捉到多列說明文字後「（1）：」像「FIB清爽結束，刷新組映射爲0！「或」接口GigabitEthernet0/0/22的狀態變爲DOWN。 。」請告知

Answer 1

awk中可以處理多個分隔符：

$ awk -F'[(/% ]' '{printf "%s",$1" "$2" "$3" "$4" "$5","$8","$9","$10",";for(i=12;i<=NF;i++)printf "%s ",$i;print ""}' file 
May 24 2013 18:13:24 ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN,The state of interface GigabitEthernet0 0 22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33 ROUTER1,01FIB,3,REFRESH_END,FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

Answer 2

因爲這是在一行簡單subsition，我只是用sed，如：

$ cat file 
May 24 2013 18:13:24 ROUTER1 %%01IFNET/4/UPDOWN(l): The state of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33 ROUTER1 %%01FIB/3/REFRESH_END(l): FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

$ sed -r 's/(([^ ]+ +){3}[^ ]+) +([^ ]+)[ %]+([^/]+)\/([^/]+)\/([^(]+)[^ ]+ +(.*)/\1,\3,\4,\5,\6,\7/' file 
May 24 2013 18:13:24,ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN,The state of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33,ROUTER1,01FIB,3,REFRESH_END,FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

如果你喜歡

但這裏有一個awk的解決方案：

$ awk -F' %%|[(][^)+][)]: ' -v OFS="," '{$1=substr($1,1,20) OFS substr($1,22); gsub(/\//,OFS,$2)}1' file 
May 24 2013 18:13:24,ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN,The state of interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22 was changed to DOWN. 
May 24 2013 17:59:33,ROUTER1,01FIB,3,REFRESH_END,FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0! 

不，這不會刪除「千兆......」來自第一行輸入的文本，因爲您沒有說明如何識別 - 您想要在「界面」之後刪除文本還是以「千兆」開始或在一些空格或其他內容之後刪除文本？

Answer 3

我希望 「界面」 後去除的東西是不是一個錯字...

髒快捷：（應該有更好的方式，但..）

awk -F'\\(l\\): ' -v OFS="," '{gsub(" %%|/"," ",$1);gsub(/ /,",",$1);for(i=1;i<=3;i++)sub(/,/," ",$1)}$2~/of interface /{gsub(/interface.*/,"interface",$2)}1' file 

給

May 24 2013 18:13:24,ROUTER1,01IFNET,4,UPDOWN,The state of interface 
May 24 2013 17:59:33,ROUTER1,01FIB,3,REFRESH_END,FIB refreshing end, the refresh group map is 0!