使用awk將頭文件中的第一個單詞添加到文件的所有後續行中

我有一個文件，其頭部記錄後跟詳細信息行。我希望使用awk將標題中的單詞標記爲文件中的後續行。每個標題記錄都有一個特定的單詞「標題」。使用awk將頭文件中的第一個單詞添加到文件的所有後續行中

我的樣本文件

h1_val header 
this is line 1 under header set1 
this is line 2 under header set1 
this is line 3 under header set1 
this is line 4 under header set1 
h2_val header 
this is line 1 under header set2 
this is line 2 under header set2 
this is line 3 under header set2 
this is line 4 under header set2

我的輸出應該像

h1_val this is line 1 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 2 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 3 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 4 under header set1 
h2_val this is line 1 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 2 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 3 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 4 under header set2

請幫

謝謝！

感謝ghoti看來，如果線是純如果我輸入看起來像逗號分隔並用雙引號工作正常.. ......應該awk的是什麼樣的變化

"h1_val","header word" 
"this is line 1","under header","set1" 
"this is line 2","under header","set1" 
"this is line 2","under header","set1" 
"this is line 2","under header","set1" 
"h2_val","header word" 
"this is line 1","under header","set2" 
"this is line 2","under header","set2" 
"this is line 2","under header","set2" 
"this is line 2","under header","set2"

謝謝！

來源

2012-07-11 user1516461

爲什麼你沒有在第一位指定這些條件？ – 2012-07-11 03:57:46

這似乎是這樣做的。

$ awk '$2=="header"{h=$1;next} {printf("%s ",h)} 1' input.txt 
h1_val this is line 1 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 2 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 3 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 4 under header set1 
h2_val this is line 1 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 2 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 3 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 4 under header set2

或者，如果你願意的話，這是功能上等同：

$ awk '$2=="header"{h=$1;next} {print h " " $0}' input.txt

注意，這些意味着你的標題文字沒有空格。如果確實如此，那麼你可能需要做一些比$2=="header"更加奇特的事情來找到你的標題。如果是這種情況，請詳細說明update your question。

來源

2012-07-11 02:55:53 ghoti

感謝ghoti它似乎是工作的罰款，如果線路是純.. 如果我輸入看起來像逗號分隔並用雙引號......應該awk的是什麼樣的變化「h1_val」，「頭文字」「這是行1「，」標題下「，」set1「」這是行2「，」標題下「，」set1「」這是行2「，」標題下「，」set1「」這是第2行「，」標題下「，」set1「」h2_val「，」標題詞「」這是行1「，」標題下「，」set2「」這是行2「，」標題下「「set2」「this is line 2」，「under header」，「set2」「this is line 2」，「under header」，「set2」謝謝！ – user1516461 2012-07-11 03:18:13

正如我在我的答案暗示，你應該點擊您的問題下的[**編輯**]（http://stackoverflow.com/posts/11424847/edit）鏈接，並更新您的問題與更多細節，如果有細節這將改善你得到的答案。 StackOverflow評論做可怕的格式。請更新您的問題，我會更新我的答案。 – ghoti 2012-07-11 03:21:16

哦，我會提到，逗號+引號分隔的文本不太可能被awk完美處理。如果逗號是您的字段分隔符，那麼awk不會知道內部逗號與外部引號之間的區別。當然，如果你在引號內沒有逗號，你應該沒問題。 – ghoti 2012-07-11 03:23:09

> awk '{if($2=="header")p=$1;else print p,$0}' temp2 
h1_val this is line 1 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 2 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 3 under header set1 
h1_val this is line 4 under header set1 
h2_val this is line 1 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 2 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 3 under header set2 
h2_val this is line 4 under header set2

來源

2012-07-11 05:36:54 Vijay

使用awk將頭文件中的第一個單詞添加到文件的所有後續行中

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