我正在閱讀Bjarne Stroustrup的「The C++ Programming Language」第4版。在本書的第一部分,我發現using
的使用看起來像以下:如何使用模板在C++中使用`(使參數化別名)進行別名?
// Error is in these 2 lines
template<typename T>
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
*參見[**]爲完整的程序和錯誤消息*
這正是我在105頁面發現當我把這個變成一個完整的程序,並試圖編譯它,g++
給了我這個錯誤masseage:
> g++ -std=c++14 -o fnd find_all.cpp
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected '=' before '<' token
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
^
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected type-specifier before '<' token
我不能鰭d在這段代碼中的任何問題,(我是新的C++,我無法找到我的小知識問題)(更多容易混淆的,我發現這個上了Bjarne的書)
有人能告訴我爲什麼該代碼是否會產生錯誤?
注意:但是,如果我用
typename C::iterator
替換Iterator<C>
(見下文),它工作正常,沒有錯誤!
[**]完整的計劃和錯誤消息:
// Error is in these 2 lines
template<typename T>
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
// -------------------------------------------
// For the completeness I'll include my complete program here
template<typename C, typename V>
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v) // find all occurrences of v in c
{
vector<Iterator<C>> res;
for (auto p = c.begin(); p!=c.end(); ++p)
if (∗p==v)
res.push_back(p);
return res;
}
void test()
{
string m {"Mary had a little lamb"};
for (auto p : find_all(m, 'a'))
if (*p == 'a')
cerr << "string bug!\n";
list<double> ld { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6, 1.1, 1.1 };
for (auto p : find_all(ld, 1.1))
if (*p == 1.1)
cerr << "list bug!\n";
vector<string> strv { "blue", "yellow", "red", "white", "orange", "blue" };
for (auto p : find_all(strv, "blue"))
if (*p == "blue")
cerr << "string vector bug!\n";
}
int main(void)
{
test();
return 0;
}
錯誤消息:
> g++ -std=c++14 -o fnd find_all.cpp
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected '=' before '<' token
using Iterator<T> = typename T::iterator;
^
find_all.cpp:13:15: error: expected type-specifier before '<' token
find_all.cpp:16:8: error: 'Iterator' was not declared in this scope
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp:16:17: error: template argument 1 is invalid
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp:16:17: error: template argument 2 is invalid
find_all.cpp:16:18: error: expected unqualified-id before '>' token
vector<Iterator<C>> find_all(C& c, V v)
^
find_all.cpp: In function 'void test()':
find_all.cpp:30:31: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(m, 'a'))
^
find_all.cpp:35:32: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(ld, 1.1))
^
find_all.cpp:40:37: error: 'find_all' was not declared in this scope
for (auto p : find_all(strv, "blue"))
非常感謝你,現在工作得很好。這本書似乎是一個錯字,謝謝 – 0xEDD1E