Mocked @Service在測試時連接到數據庫

Question

我試圖測試我的Spring REST控制器，但我的@Service始終嘗試連接到數據庫。

控制器：

@RestController 
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/v1/users") 
public class UserController { 

private UserService userService; 

@Autowired 
public UserController(UserService userService) { 
    this.userService = userService; 
} 

@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) 
public ResponseEntity<List<User>> getAllUsers() { 
    List<User> users = userService.findAll(); 
    if (users.isEmpty()) { 
     return new ResponseEntity<List<User>>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT); 
    } 

    return new ResponseEntity<List<User>>(users, HttpStatus.OK); 
} 

測試：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class) 
@WebAppConfiguration 
public class UserControllerTest { 

private MockMvc mockMvc; 

@Autowired 
private WebApplicationContext wac; 

@Before 
public void setup() { 
    this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(wac).build(); 
} 

@Test 
public void getAll_IfFound_ShouldReturnFoundUsers() throws Exception { 
    User first = new User(); 
    first.setUserId(1); 
    first.setUsername("test"); 
    first.setPassword("test"); 
    first.setEmail("test@email.com"); 
    first.setBirthday(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")); 

    User second = new User(); 
    second.setUserId(2); 
    second.setUsername("test2"); 
    second.setPassword("test2"); 
    second.setEmail("test2@email.com"); 
    second.setBirthday(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")); 

    UserService userServiceMock = Mockito.mock(UserService.class); 

    Mockito.when(userServiceMock.findAll()).thenReturn(Arrays.asList(first, second)); 

    mockMvc.perform(get("/api/v1/users")). 
      andExpect(status().isOk()). 
      andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$", hasSize(2))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].userId", is(1))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].username", is("test"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].password", is("test"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].email", is("test@email.com"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].email", is(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].userId", is(2))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].username", is("test2"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].password", is("test2"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].email", is("test2@email.com"))). 
      andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].email", is(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")))); 

    verify(userServiceMock, times(1)).findAll(); 
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(userServiceMock); 
} 
} 

我的測試總是失敗的，因爲不是得到first和second作爲回報，它從數據庫中讀取數據。如果我關閉DB，則會拋出NestedServletException, nested: DataAccessResourceFailureException。

如何正確測試它？我究竟做錯了什麼？

Answer 1

以這種方式嘲笑userService UserService userServiceMock = Mockito.mock(UserService.class);不會將其注入到控制器中。刪除此行並注入userService如下

@MockBean UserService userServiceMock; 

正如@ M.Deinum建議你可以刪除的MockMvc手動創建和自動裝配它

@Autowired 
private MockMvc mockMvc; 

在結束你的代碼應該看起來像

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class) 
@WebAppConfiguration 
public class UserControllerTest { 

    @MockBean 
    UserService userServiceMock; 

    @Autowired 
    private MockMvc mockMvc; 

    @Test 
    public void getAll_IfFound_ShouldReturnFoundUsers() throws Exception { 
     User first = new User(); 
     first.setUserId(1); 
     first.setUsername("test"); 
     first.setPassword("test"); 
     first.setEmail("test@email.com"); 
     first.setBirthday(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")); 

     User second = new User(); 
     second.setUserId(2); 
     second.setUsername("test2"); 
     second.setPassword("test2"); 
     second.setEmail("test2@email.com"); 
     second.setBirthday(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")); 

     Mockito.when(userServiceMock.findAll()) 
      .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(first, second)); 

     mockMvc.perform(get("/api/v1/users")). 
     andExpect(status().isOk()). 
     andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$", hasSize(2))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].userId", is(1))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].username", is("test"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].password", is("test"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].email", is("test@email.com"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[0].email", is(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].userId", is(2))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].username", is("test2"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].password", is("test2"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].email", is("test2@email.com"))). 
     andExpect(jsonPath("$[1].email", is(LocalDate.parse("1996-04-30")))); 

     verify(userServiceMock, times(1)).findAll(); 
     verifyNoMoreInteractions(userServiceMock); 
    } 
}