我對C++還很陌生,所以請耐心等待。String沒有做什麼? C++ 11
我想了解更多關於std :: move是如何工作的,我看到一個例子,他們使用std :: move將字符串移動到不同的函數,然後使用std :: cout顯示沒有字符串保留。我覺得很酷,讓我們來看看,如果我可以讓我自己的類,做同樣的:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class integer
{
private:
int *m_i;
public:
integer(int i=0) : m_i(new int{i})
{
std::cout << "Calling Constructor\n";
}
~integer()
{
if(m_i != nullptr) {
std::cout << "Deleting integer\n";
delete m_i;
m_i = nullptr;
}
}
integer(integer&& i) : m_i(nullptr) // move constructor
{
std::cout << "Move Constructor\n";
m_i = i.m_i;
i.m_i = nullptr;
}
integer(const integer& i) : m_i(new int) { // copy constructor
std::cout << "Copy Constructor\n";
*m_i = *(i.m_i);
}
//*
integer& operator=(integer&& i) { // move assignment
std::cout << "Move Assignment\n";
if(&i != this) {
delete m_i;
m_i = i.m_i;
i.m_i = nullptr;
}
return *this;
}
integer& operator=(const integer &i) { // copy assignment
std::cout << "Copy Assignment\n";
if(&i != this) {
m_i = new int;
*m_i = *(i.m_i);
}
return *this;
}
int& operator*() const { return *m_i; }
int* operator->() const { return m_i; }
bool empty() const noexcept {
if(m_i == nullptr) return true;
return false;
}
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &out, const integer i) {
if(i.empty()) {
std::cout << "During overload, i is empty\n";
return out;
}
out << *(i.m_i);
return out;
}
};
void g(integer i) { std::cout << "G-wiz - "; std::cout << "The g value is " << i << '\n'; }
void g(std::string s) { std::cout << "The g value is " << s << '\n'; }
int main()
{
std::string s("Hello");
std::cout << "Now for string\n";
g(std::move(s));
if(s.empty()) std::cout << "s is empty\n";
g(s);
std::cout << "\nNow for integer\n";
integer i = 77;
if(!i.empty()) std::cout << "i is " << i << '\n';
else std::cout << "i is empty\n";
g(i);
std::cout << "Move it\n";
g(std::move(i)); // rvalue ref called
if(!i.empty()) std::cout << "i is " << i << '\n';
else std::cout << "i is empty\n";
g(i);
return 0;
}
這是我的輸出:
Now for string
The g value is Hello
s is empty
The g value is
Now for integer
Calling Constructor
Copy Constructor
i is 77
Deleting integer
Copy Constructor
G-wiz - Copy Constructor
The g value is 77
Deleting integer
Deleting integer
Move it
Move Constructor
G-wiz - Copy Constructor
The g value is 77
Deleting integer
Deleting integer
i is empty
Copy Constructor
Process returned 255 (0xFF) execution time : 7.633 s
Press any key to continue.
正如你所看到的,當它進入克崩潰第二次,甚至從未獲得運營商< <()的功能。它是如何空std ::字符串s可以傳遞給g我的空整數我崩潰程序?
編輯:修正新的int與新的int []錯誤。謝謝你。
手動移動構造函數通常使用'std :: move'移動成員。 – Peter
感謝您的幫助,解決了問題。如果我理解的是,在移動構造函數(和賦值運算符)中,我將i.m_i視爲左值而不是右值。是對的嗎? – davidbear