高效地插入多級別父子表

Question

我有以下數據插入表（從父到子，所有多對一關係）的示例：程序，模塊，類和成員。每個表使用自動標識作爲主鍵。這是SQL Server 2008

Program Module Class Member 
Program1 M1 C1 Func1 
Program1 M1 C1 Func2 
Program1 M1 C2 Func3 
Program1 M2 C3 Func4 
Program1 M2 C4 Func5 
Program2 M3 C5 Func6 
Program2 M3 C5 Func7 
Program2 M3 C6 Func8 
Program2 M4 C7 Func9 
Program2 M4 C7 Func10 
Program2 M4 C8 Func11 

我一定要打入多個存儲過程本（插入節目表，再模塊等），或者它可能有更簡單，更有效的方法？

Answer 1

表定義：

CREATE TABLE Programs (
    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1), 
    Name varchar(50) 
); 
CREATE TABLE Modules (
    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1), 
    ProgramID INT, 
    Name varchar(50) 
); 
CREATE TABLE Classes (
    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1), 
    ModuleID INT, 
    Name varchar(50) 
); 
CREATE TABLE Functions (
    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1), 
    ClassID INT, 
    Name varchar(50) 
); 

類型定義：

CREATE TYPE ProgramTableType AS TABLE 
(
    Program varchar(50), 
    Module varchar(50), 
    Class varchar(50), 
    Func varchar(50) 
); 

程序定義：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.sp_insert_definitions 
    @NewRows ProgramTableType READONLY 
AS 
    SET NOCOUNT ON; 

    DECLARE cur_new CURSOR FOR 
     SELECT Program, Module, Class, Func 
     FROM @NewRows 
     ORDER BY Program, Module, Class, Func; 

    DECLARE 
     -- Cache variables 
     @ProgramID int, 
     @ProgramName varchar(50) = NULL, 
     @ModuleID int, 
     @ModuleName varchar(50) = NULL, 
     @ClassID int, 
     @ClassName varchar(50) = NULL, 
     -- Iteration variables 
     @Program varchar(50), 
     @Module varchar(50), 
     @Class varchar(50), 
     @Func varchar(50); 

    OPEN cur_new; 

    FETCH NEXT FROM cur_new 
    INTO @Program, @Module, @Class, @Func; 

    -- Loop trough the cursor 
    WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 
    BEGIN 
     -- Get or create program 
     IF @ProgramName IS NULL OR @Program <> @ProgramName 
     BEGIN 
      IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT NULL FROM Programs WHERE Name = @Program) 
       INSERT INTO Programs (Name) 
       VALUES (@Program); 

      SELECT 
       @ProgramID = ID, 
       @ProgramName = Name, 
       @ModuleID = NULL, 
       @ModuleName = NULL, 
       @ClassID = NULL, 
       @ClassName = NULL 
      FROM Programs 
      WHERE Name = @Program; 
     END 

     -- Get or create module 
     IF @ModuleName IS NULL OR @Module <> @ModuleName 
     BEGIN 
      IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT NULL FROM Modules WHERE Name = @Module AND ProgramID = @ProgramID) 
       INSERT INTO Modules (ProgramID, Name) 
       VALUES (@ProgramID, @Module); 

      SELECT 
       @ModuleID = ID, 
       @ModuleName = Name, 
       @ClassID = NULL, 
       @ClassName = NULL 
      FROM Modules 
      WHERE Name = @Module 
      AND ProgramID = @ProgramID; 
     END; 

     -- Get or create class 
     IF @ClassName IS NULL OR @Class <> @ClassName 
     BEGIN 
      IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT NULL FROM Classes WHERE Name = @Class AND ModuleID = @ModuleID) 
       INSERT INTO Classes (ModuleID, Name) 
       VALUES (@ModuleID, @Class); 

      SELECT 
       @ClassID = ID, 
       @ClassName = Name 
      FROM Classes 
      WHERE Name = @Class 
      AND ModuleID = @ModuleID; 
     END; 

     -- Create function if it doesn't exists 
     IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT NULL FROM Functions WHERE Name = @Func AND ClassID = @ClassID) 
      INSERT INTO Functions (ClassID, Name) 
      VALUES (@ClassID, @Func); 

     FETCH NEXT FROM cur_new 
     INTO @Program, @Module, @Class, @Func; 
    END 

    CLOSE cur_new; 
    DEALLOCATE cur_new; 
GO 

實施例：

BEGIN TRAN; 
DECLARE @NewData AS ProgramTableType; 
INSERT INTO @NewData (Program, Module, Class, Func) 
VALUES ('Program1', 'M1', 'C1', 'Func1'), 
('Program1', 'M1', 'C1', 'Func2'), 
('Program1', 'M1', 'C2', 'Func3'), 
('Program1', 'M2', 'C3', 'Func4'), 
('Program1', 'M2', 'C4', 'Func5'), 
('Program2', 'M3', 'C5', 'Func6'), 
('Program2', 'M3', 'C5', 'Func7'), 
('Program2', 'M3', 'C6', 'Func8'), 
('Program2', 'M4', 'C7', 'Func9'), 
('Program2', 'M4', 'C7', 'Func10'), 
('Program2', 'M4', 'C8', 'Func11'); 
EXEC sp_insert_definitions @NewData; 
COMMIT TRAN; 

找回原來的輸入：

SELECT p.Name AS Program, m.Name AS Module, c.Name AS Class, f.Name AS [Function] 
FROM Functions f 
INNER JOIN Classes c ON c.ID = f.ClassID 
INNER JOIN Modules m ON m.ID = c.ModuleID 
INNER JOIN Programs p ON p.ID = m.ProgramID; 

也

• Table-Valued Parameters in SQL Server 2008 (ADO.NET)
• Table-Valued Parameters (Database Engine)

編輯請參見：我重寫了全部答案，因爲它是不正確的。