2017-03-08 34 views
0

我在NS2.35中使用AODV路由協議運行一些簡單的模擬。但是,在某些情況下,我注意到,當我運行足夠長的模擬時,AODV REQUEST和REPLY消息不會被髮送出去並填充節點隊列。NS2:AODV路由消息卡在隊列中

在下面的.tcl示例中,我有3個節點生成要發送給PAN協調器的CBR流量。然而,在某些情況下,路由請求和回覆在節點2處於IFQ級別時不斷丟棄。

此外,如以下跟蹤代碼段所示,在仿真結束時(時間= 10000),節點2的IFQ填充了REQUESTS,儘管模擬結束時有足夠的時間來清空隊列。

s 9353.439721046 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
D 9353.439746046 _2_ IFQ --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 3 0] [0x2 2 20 [0 105] [3 42]] (REQUEST) 
s 9353.441744607 _3_ MAC --- 0 AODV 55 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [3:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
r 9353.444336620 _2_ MAC --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [3:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
r 9353.444336633 _1_ MAC --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [3:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
r 9353.444361620 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [3:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
r 9353.444361633 _1_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [3:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 37 [0 149] [1 76]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 3 0] [0x2 2 30 [0 139] [3 62]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 4 0] [0x2 2 36 [0 143] [1 74]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 103 [0 49] [2 208]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 2 0] [0x2 2 35 [0 143] [1 72]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 102 [0 49] [2 206]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 101 [0 49] [2 204]] (REQUEST) 
D 10000.000000000 _2_ IFQ END 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 100 [0 49] [2 202]] (REQUEST) 

任何想法是怎麼回事?

更新: 顯然,在某些時候REQUEST消息在RTR水平產生但不被髮送出去,然後流量被丟棄,因爲節點沒有得到及時路由應答。這裏是展示本一絲例如:

s 2417.739768850 _2_ AGT --- 23 cbr 70 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:0 0:1 32 0] [7] 0 0 
r 2417.739768850 _2_ RTR --- 23 cbr 70 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:0 0:1 32 0] [7] 0 0 
s 2417.739768850 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 16 [0 49] [2 34]] (REQUEST) 
s 2418.500000000 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 17 [0 49] [2 36]] (REQUEST) 
s 2419.500000000 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 18 [0 49] [2 38]] (REQUEST) 
s 2421.000000000 _2_ RTR --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 19 [0 49] [2 40]] (REQUEST) 
D 2423.000000000 _2_ RTR NRTE 23 cbr 90 [0 0 0 0] ------- [2:0 0:1 30 0] [7] 0 0 

注意的是,在我遇到這個問題的所有例子,產生CBR消息每一次,以前的路徑已經過期,新的路線已被發現。我認爲這可能會導致一個錯誤的地方。

TCL file: 

set tr .tr 

set nam .nam 

set fname [file rootname $argv0] 





# Parameters Settings 

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel ;# Channel Model: Wireless 

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# Propragation Model: Shadowing (Shadowing/TwoRayGround/FreeSpace) 

set val(netif)   Phy/WirelessPhy/802_15_4 

set val(mac)   Mac/802_15_4 

set val(ifq)   Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# Queue Model: Drop at Tail 

set val(ll)    LL       ;# Link Layer Model 

set val(ant)   Antenna/OmniAntenna  ;# Antenna Model 

set val(ifqlen)   64       ;# Max Number of Queue 

set val(nn)    4       ;# Number of Nodes 

set val(rp)    AODV      ;# Routing Protocol: AODV (DSR/ZBR/AOMDV/AODV) 

set val(x)  0    ;# Center Position of nam 

set val(y)  0 

set val(tr)  $fname$tr   ;# Tracing File 

set val(nam)  $fname$nam   ;# Nam File 

set val(traffic) cbr      ;# Data Flow: cbr (cbr/poisson/ftp) 

set val(trInterval) 0.01    ;# Time Interval between Packets 

set val(startInterval) 0.5   ;# Start Time 

set stopTime   10000    ;# Stop Time 



# For model 'TwoRayGround' 

set dist(5m) 7.69113e-06 

set dist(9m) 2.37381e-06 

set dist(10m) 1.92278e-06 

set dist(11m) 1.58908e-06 

set dist(12m) 1.33527e-06 

set dist(13m) 1.13774e-06 

set dist(14m) 9.81011e-07 

set dist(15m) 8.54570e-07 

set dist(16m) 7.51087e-07 

set dist(20m) 4.80696e-07 

set dist(25m) 3.07645e-07 

set dist(30m) 2.13643e-07 

set dist(35m) 1.56962e-07 

set dist(40m) 1.20174e-07 

Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ $dist(10m) 

Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ $dist(10m) 



# Input 

proc getCmdArgu {argc argv} { 

     global val 

     for {set i 0} {$i < $argc} {incr i} { 

       set arg [lindex $argv $i] 

       if {[string range $arg 0 0] != "-"} continue 

       set name [string range $arg 1 end] 

       set val($name) [lindex $argv [expr $i+1]] 

     } 

} 

getCmdArgu $argc $argv 



# Initial Global Variables 

set ns_  [new Simulator] 

set tracefd  [open ./$val(tr) w] 

# $ns_ use-newtrace 

$ns_ trace-all $tracefd 



# Topology Configuration 

set topo  [new Topography] 

$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y) 



set god_ [create-god $val(nn)] 



set chan_1_ [new $val(chan)] 



# Node Configuration 

$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \ 

     -llType $val(ll) \ 

     -macType $val(mac) \ 

     -ifqType $val(ifq) \ 

     -ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \ 

     -antType $val(ant) \ 

     -propType $val(prop) \ 

     -phyType $val(netif) \ 

     -topoInstance $topo \ 

     -agentTrace ON \ 

     -routerTrace ON \ 

     -macTrace ON \ 

     -movementTrace OFF \ 

     -channel $chan_1_ 





for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { 

    set node_($i) [$ns_ node] 

    $node_($i) random-motion 0  

} 



######################################################### 



# Topology Input 

for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { 

$node_($i) set X_ [expr 4*$i] 

$node_($i) set Y_ 0 

$node_($i) set Z_ 0 

} 



# Start Coordinate/Normal Nodes 

$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(0) NodeLabel \"PAN Coor\"" 

$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(0) sscs startPANCoord 0"  



for {set i 1} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { 

    $ns_ at [expr $i*($val(startInterval))] "$node_($i) sscs startDevice" 

} 



######################################################### 





# Setup UDP and CBR 

proc cbrtraffic { src dst interval starttime } { 

    global ns_ node_ 

    set udp_($src) [new Agent/UDP] 

    eval $ns_ attach-agent \$node_($src) \$udp_($src) 

    set null_($dst) [new Agent/Null] 

    eval $ns_ attach-agent \$node_($dst) \$null_($dst) 

    set cbr_($src) [new Application/Traffic/CBR] 

    eval \$cbr_($src) set packetSize_ 70 

    eval \$cbr_($src) set rate_ 250kb 

    eval \$cbr_($src) set interval_ $interval 

    eval \$cbr_($src) set random_ 1 

    #eval \$cbr_($src) set maxpkts_ 1000 

    eval \$cbr_($src) attach-agent \$udp_($src) 

    eval $ns_ connect \$udp_($src) \$null_($dst) 

    $ns_ at $starttime "$cbr_($src) start" 

    $ns_ at 9500 "$cbr_($src) stop" 

} 





# ACK 

if {$val(rp) == "ZBR"} { 

# 0=No ACK; 1=ACK at failure (default); 2=ACK at success/failure 

    Mac/802_15_4 wpanCmd callBack 2; 

} 

if { ("$val(traffic)" == "cbr") || ("$val(traffic)" == "poisson") } { 

    puts "\nTraffic: $val(traffic)" 

    puts [format "Acknowledgement for data: %s" [Mac/802_15_4 wpanCmd ack4data off]] 



######################################################### 



# Set Traffic 



for {set i 1} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { 

    cbrtraffic $i 0 300 [expr 20+200*$i] 

} 



######################################################### 



} 



# Reset of Nodes 

for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { 

    $ns_ at $stopTime "$node_($i) reset"; 

} 



# Stop Simulation 

$ns_ at $stopTime "stop" 

$ns_ at $stopTime "puts \"\nNS EXITING...\n\"" 

$ns_ at $stopTime "$ns_ halt" 



# Stop Function 

proc stop {} { 

    global ns_ tracefd starttime val env 

    $ns_ flush-trace 

    close $tracefd 

    set hasDISPLAY 0 

    foreach index [array names env] { 

     #puts "$index: $env($index)" 

     if { ("$index" == "DISPLAY") && ("$env($index)" != "") } { 

       set hasDISPLAY 1 

     } 

    } 

} 



# Start Simulation 

puts "\nStarting Simulation..." 

$ns_ run 

回答

0

對於其他人誰可能會遇到這樣的問題:

這似乎是由CCA的從MAC層,而導致其中一個不幸的一系列事件可以在PriQueue類引起blocked_變量卡住爲1

p802_15_4phy.ccPhy802_15_4::CCAHandler,用替換

CCAReportH.start(4/getRate('s')); 
sensed_ch_state = t_status; 
mac->PLME_CCA_confirm(sensed_ch_state); 

'修復'此問題。這使得CCA是即時的。顯然,沒有瞬間的CCA會導致這個錯誤。 如果有人發現更好的解決方法,請讓我知道。