在Python中使用SFTP上傳文件，但在路徑不存在的情況下創建目錄

Question

我想用Python上傳遠程服務器上的文件。我想事先檢查遠程路徑是否真的存在，如果不存在，則創建它。在僞代碼：

if(remote_path not exist): 
    create_path(remote_path) 
upload_file(local_file, remote_path) 

我考慮的paramiko中執行一個命令來創建路徑（例如mkdir -p remote_path）。我想出了這個：

# I didn't test this code 

import paramiko, sys 

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() 
ssh.connect(myhost, 22, myusername, mypassword) 
ssh.exec_command('mkdir -p ' + remote_path) 
ssh.close 

transport = paramiko.Transport((myhost, 22)) 
transport.connect(username = myusername, password = mypassword) 

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 
sftp.put(local_path, remote_path) 
sftp.close() 

transport.close() 

但是，這種解決方案聽起來不太好，因爲我關閉連接，然後重新打開它。有沒有更好的方法來做到這一點？

Answer 1

SFTP支持通常的FTP命令（CHDIR，MKDIR等...），所以使用這些：

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 
try: 
    sftp.chdir(remote_path) # Test if remote_path exists 
except IOError: 
    sftp.mkdir(remote_path) # Create remote_path 
    sftp.chdir(remote_path) 
sftp.put(local_path, '.') # At this point, you are in remote_path in either case 
sftp.close() 

---

要完全仿效mkdir -p，您可以遞歸地通過remote_path工作：

import os.path 

def mkdir_p(sftp, remote_directory): 
    """Change to this directory, recursively making new folders if needed. 
    Returns True if any folders were created.""" 
    if remote_directory == '/': 
     # absolute path so change directory to root 
     sftp.chdir('/') 
     return 
    if remote_directory == '': 
     # top-level relative directory must exist 
     return 
    try: 
     sftp.chdir(remote_directory) # sub-directory exists 
    except IOError: 
     dirname, basename = os.path.split(remote_directory.rstrip('/')) 
     mkdir_p(sftp, dirname) # make parent directories 
     sftp.mkdir(basename) # sub-directory missing, so created it 
     sftp.chdir(basename) 
     return True 

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) 
mkdir_p(sftp, remote_path) 
sftp.put(local_path, '.') # At this point, you are in remote_path 
sftp.close() 

當然，如果remote_path也包含一個遠程文件名，那麼它需要被分離，目錄被傳遞給mkdir_p並且文件名被使用而不是'。'。在sftp.put。

Answer 2

的paramiko包含MKDIR函數：

http://paramiko-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/api/sftp.html#paramiko.sftp_si.SFTPServerInterface.mkdir

Answer 3

簡單的東西稍微更具可讀性過於

def mkdir_p(sftp, remote, is_dir=False): 
    """ 
    emulates mkdir_p if required. 
    sftp - is a valid sftp object 
    remote - remote path to create. 
    """ 
    dirs_ = [] 
    if is_dir: 
     dir_ = remote 
    else: 
     dir_, basename = os.path.split(remote) 
    while len(dir_) > 1: 
     dirs_.append(dir_) 
     dir_, _ = os.path.split(dir_) 

    if len(dir_) == 1 and not dir_.startswith("/"): 
     dirs_.append(dir_) # For a remote path like y/x.txt 

    while len(dirs_): 
     dir_ = dirs_.pop() 
     try: 
      sftp.stat(dir_) 
     except: 
      print "making ... dir", dir_ 
      sftp.mkdir(dir_) 

Answer 4

有了這個今天做。這是我如何做到的。

def mkdir_p(sftp, remote_directory): 
    dir_path = str() 
    for dir_folder in remote_directory.split("/"): 
     if dir_folder == "": 
      continue 
     dir_path += r"/{0}".format(dir_folder) 
     try: 
      sftp.listdir(dir_path) 
     except IOError: 
      sftp.mkdir(dir_path)