窗口中的Tkinter

Question

這裏開幕式是我的代碼：

#!/usr/bin/python 

from Tkinter import * 

def openWindowReasons():       
    global win 

    win = Tk()      

    win.title("Decem Rationes Computerum Programmandorum") 

    buttonMaker("I", 1, 1, " I) Programmo computeres ne meus animus deceat ignavus.")       #create buttons 1-10 
    buttonMaker("II", 2, 1, " II) Programmo computeres ut relaxem post scholam et gaudeam scholam esse perfectam.") 
    buttonMaker("III", 3, 1, " III) Meo amico programmato programmo ut certem cum eo.") 
    buttonMaker("IV", 4, 1, " IV) Alii homines qui boni porgrammi programmant ut facian pecuniam.") 
    buttonMaker("V", 5, 1, " V) Alii homines scribunt tantam codem ut alii cogitent eos esse optimos.") 
    buttonMaker("VI", 1, 3, " VI) Programmare est tam iocus ut sperem me programmaturum esse saepius.") 
    buttonMaker("VII", 2, 3, " VII) Multi homines programmant tam ut non habent tempus faciendorum pensorum quod sunt quam insulso.") 
    buttonMaker("VIII", 3, 3, " VIII) Programmo ut possim loqui de eo cum meis amicis.") 
    buttonMaker("IX", 4, 3, " IX) Me inspirato ab caeteris programmo ut sim similaris eis.") 
    buttonMaker("X", 5, 3, " X) Saepe programmo ne habeam audire mea matri quae dictit quam multa.") 

    label_1 = Label(win, text="RATIONES")   
    label_1.grid(row=3, column=2) 



def buttonMaker(a, b, c, d): 
    f = "button" + a 
    f= Button(win, text=a, commmand=openWindowR(str(d))) 
    f.grid(row=int(b), column=int(c)) 


def openWindowR(d): 
    newWin = Tk() 

    newWin.title(str(d)) 

    g = "label" + d 

    g = Label(newWin, text=str(d)) 
    g.grid(row=3, column=3) 


def openWindowAlt(): 
    newWin_1 = Toplevel() 
    label_2 = Label(newWin_1, text="Magister Bartoloma tam sapiens ut Minerva, quae dea sapientae est, eum admiretur.") 


root = Tk()   #create parent window 

root.title("Main Page") 

label = Label(root, text="Decem Rationes Computerum Programmandorum")  
label.grid(row=1, column=2) 

button = Button(root, text="Decem Rationes", commmand=openWindowReasons()) 
button.grid(row=3, column=3) 

button_1= Button(root, text="Pleasant Alternative", commmand=openWindowAlt()) 
button_1.grid(row=3, column=1) 

root.mainloop() 

我每次運行它打開所有的窗戶在一次，而當用戶按下按鈕的代碼...任何幫助將是非常感謝...

Answer 1

這是因爲你正在調用的功能，而不是通過引用，或使用lambda函數。

f = Button(win, text=a, command=lambda d=d: openWindowR(str(d))) 

但是，這只是一個步驟。你應該考慮在你的程序中使用類而不是全局變量和函數（讓你的代碼更加清潔和有組織！）。

除了這個建議，你正在創建兩個Tk實例。如果您需要創建一個新窗口，請使用Toplevel小部件，但Tkinter程序應該只有一個Tk元素。如果沒有，它可能會導致你意想不到的問題。

這與使用名爲Application的類完全相同，它具有GUI的所有功能。

#!/usr/bin/python 

from Tkinter import * 


class Application: 
    def __init__(self, master): 
     self.master = master 
     self.master.title("Main Page") 
     self.label = Label(master, text="Decem Rationes Computerum Programmandorum") 
     self.label.grid(row=1, column=2) 
     self.button = Button(master, text="Decem Rationes", command=self.openWindowReasons) 
     self.button.grid(row=3, column=3) 
     self.button_1= Button(master, text="Pleasant Alternative", command=self.openWindowAlt) 
     self.button_1.grid(row=3, column=1) 

    def openWindowAlt(self): 
     newWin_1 = Toplevel() 
     label_2 = Label(newWin_1, text="Magister Bartoloma tam sapiens ut Minerva, quae dea sapientae est, eum admiretur.") 
     label_2.pack() 

    def openWindowReasons(self):       
     self.toplevel = Toplevel() 
     self.buttonMaker("I", 1, 1, " I) Programmo computeres ne meus animus deceat ignavus.") 
     self.buttonMaker("II", 2, 1, " II) Programmo computeres ut relaxem post scholam et gaudeam scholam esse perfectam.") 
     self.buttonMaker("III", 3, 1, " III) Meo amico programmato programmo ut certem cum eo.") 
     self.buttonMaker("IV", 4, 1, " IV) Alii homines qui boni porgrammi programmant ut facian pecuniam.") 
     self.buttonMaker("V", 5, 1, " V) Alii homines scribunt tantam codem ut alii cogitent eos esse optimos.") 
     self.buttonMaker("VI", 1, 3, " VI) Programmare est tam iocus ut sperem me programmaturum esse saepius.") 
     self.buttonMaker("VII", 2, 3, " VII) Multi homines programmant tam ut non habent tempus faciendorum pensorum quod sunt quam insulso.") 
     self.buttonMaker("VIII", 3, 3, " VIII) Programmo ut possim loqui de eo cum meis amicis.") 
     self.buttonMaker("IX", 4, 3, " IX) Me inspirato ab caeteris programmo ut sim similaris eis.") 
     self.buttonMaker("X", 5, 3, " X) Saepe programmo ne habeam audire mea matri quae dictit quam multa.") 
     label_1 = Label(self.toplevel, text="RATIONES")   
     label_1.grid(row=3, column=2) 

    def buttonMaker(self, a, b, c, d): 
     f = Button(self.toplevel, text="button" + a, command=lambda d=d: self.openWindowR(str(d))) 
     f.grid(row=int(b), column=int(c)) 

    def openWindowR(self, d): 
     newWin = Toplevel() 
     newWin.title(str(d)) 
     g = Label(newWin, text="label" + d) 
     g.grid() 


root = Tk() 
app = Application(root) 
root.mainloop()