我創建了一個新的乾淨的asp.net 5項目（rc1-final）。使用身份認證我只是用下面的代碼的ApplicationDbContext.cs：如何爲使用身份驗證的代碼優先遷移種子用戶和角色ASP.NET MVC 6
public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
{
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
{
// On event model creating
base.OnModelCreating(builder);
}
}
請注意ApplicationDbContext使用IdentityDbContext而不是的DbContext。
有任何IdentityConfig.cs。我需要把經典的保護覆蓋無效種子創建角色和用戶，如果它不存在？
這是not yet implemented。作爲解決方法，只需編寫自己的類，它將檢查數據庫中是否存在實體，如果它們不存在則添加它們，然後從Startup.cs中調用此類。
我這樣做的方法是在模型命名空間中創建一個類。
public class SampleData
{
public static void Initialize(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
var context = serviceProvider.GetService<ApplicationDbContext>();
string[] roles = new string[] { "Owner", "Administrator", "Manager", "Editor", "Buyer", "Business", "Seller", "Subscriber" };
foreach (string role in roles)
{
var roleStore = new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context);
if (!context.Roles.Any(r => r.Name == role))
{
roleStore.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(role));
}
}
var user = new ApplicationUser
{
FirstName = "XXXX",
LastName = "XXXX",
Email = "[email protected]",
NormalizedEmail = "[email protected]",
UserName = "Owner",
NormalizedUserName = "OWNER",
PhoneNumber = "+111111111111",
EmailConfirmed = true,
PhoneNumberConfirmed = true,
SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("D")
};
if (!context.Users.Any(u => u.UserName == user.UserName))
{
var password = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>();
var hashed = password.HashPassword(user,"secret");
user.PasswordHash = hashed;
var userStore = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
var result = userStore.CreateAsync(user);
}
AssignRoles(serviceProvider, user.Email, roles);
context.SaveChangesAsync();
}
public static async Task<IdentityResult> AssignRoles(IServiceProvider services, string email, string[] roles)
{
UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager = services.GetService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();
ApplicationUser user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(email);
var result = await _userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, roles);
return result;
}
}
在啓動時運行此代碼。在配置方法結束後的Startup.cs中，在路由配置之後添加以下代碼，如Stafford Williams之前所述。
SampleData.Initialize(app.ApplicationServices);
以下行在AspNetRoles表中創建條目，但不會填充NormalizedName列。
替代與此列如下，以填充：
RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager = serviceProvider.GetService<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>();
roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(role));
在編寫這本書的時候，有一個地方播種數據庫中沒有插頭，但你可以創建一個類，並將其添加您的容器上做應用程序啓動同樣的事情，這裏是如何我已經做到了，首先要創建一個類：
public class YourDbContextSeedData
{
private YourDbContext _context;
public YourDbContextSeedData(YourDbContext context)
{
_context = context;
}
public async void SeedAdminUser()
{
var user = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = "[email protected]",
NormalizedUserName = "[email protected]",
Email = "[email protected]",
NormalizedEmail = "[email protected]",
EmailConfirmed = true,
LockoutEnabled = false,
SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString()
};
var roleStore = new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(_context);
if (!_context.Roles.Any(r => r.Name == "admin"))
{
await roleStore.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole { Name = "admin", NormalizedName = "admin" });
}
if (!_context.Users.Any(u => u.UserName == user.UserName))
{
var password = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>();
var hashed = password.HashPassword(user, "password");
user.PasswordHash = hashed;
var userStore = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(_context);
await userStore.CreateAsync(user);
await userStore.AddToRoleAsync(user, "admin");
}
await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
}
在Startup.cs類ConfigureServices方法註冊類型：
services.AddTransient<YourDbContextSeedData>();
下一頁通過YourDbContextSeedData類的Startup.cs類的Configure方法，並使用它：
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, YourDbContextSeedData seeder)
{
seeder.SeedAdminUser();
}
在嘗試在我的核心2應用程序中種下一個管理員級別帳戶多少浪費時間後當我調用AddToRoleAsync方法時，所有其他方法都失敗了，所以你的帖子的修改版本最終爲我做了。非常感謝！ – Nathan
添加下面的類模型的命名空間。它適用於添加多個用戶和角色，並且還會將角色添加到現有用戶（例如，圖表登錄）。這樣稱呼它app.SeedUsersAndRoles();從startup.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
namespace MyApplication.Models
{
public static class DataSeeder
{
public static async void SeedUsersAndRoles(this IApplicationBuilder app)
{
var context = app.ApplicationServices.GetService<ApplicationDbContext>();
UserWithRoles[] usersWithRoles = {
new UserWithRoles("Admin", new string[] { "Administrator" , "Distributor" },"somepassword"),//user and optional roles and password you want to seed
new UserWithRoles("PlainUser"),
new UserWithRoles("Jojo",new string[]{"Distributor" }) //seed roles to existing users (e.g. facebook login).
};
foreach (var userWithRoles in usersWithRoles)
{
foreach (string role in userWithRoles.Roles)
if (!context.Roles.Any(r => r.Name == role))
{
var roleStore = new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context);
await roleStore.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(role));
}
var ExistingUser = context.Users.FirstOrDefault(p => p.NormalizedUserName == userWithRoles.User.NormalizedUserName);
if (ExistingUser == null) //the following syntax: !context.Users.FirstOrDefault(p => p.NormalizedUserName == userWithRoles.User.NormalizedUserName))
//provokes execption:(ExecuteReader requires an open and available Connection.)
await new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context).CreateAsync(userWithRoles.User);
await app.AssignRoles(userWithRoles); //assign also to existing users.
}
context.SaveChangesAsync();
}
public static async Task<IdentityResult> AssignRoles(this IApplicationBuilder app, UserWithRoles uWR)
{
UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager = app.ApplicationServices.GetService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();
ApplicationUser user = await _userManager.FindByNameAsync(uWR.User.NormalizedUserName);
var result = await _userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, uWR.Roles);
return result;
}
}
public class UserWithRoles
{
private ApplicationUser user;
public ApplicationUser User { get { return user; } }
public string[] Roles { get; set; }
public UserWithRoles(string name, string[] roles = null, string password = "secret")
{
if (roles != null)
Roles = roles;
else
Roles = new string[] { };
user = new ApplicationUser
{
Email = name + "@gmail.com", NormalizedEmail = name.ToUpper() + "@GMAIL.COM",
UserName = name, NormalizedUserName = name.ToUpper(),
PhoneNumber = "+1312341234",
EmailConfirmed = true,
PhoneNumberConfirmed = true,
SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("D"),
};
user.PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>().HashPassword(user, password);
}
}
}
所以這是基於穆罕默德阿卜杜拉答案的解決方案。包括一些代碼改進，提高了代碼的可讀性，並使其與.net core 2一起工作。
public class Seed
{
public static async Task Initialize(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, IConfiguration configuration)
{
var usrName = configuration.GetSection("Admin").GetSection("UserName").Value;
var email = configuration.GetSection("Admin").GetSection("Email").Value;
var pass = configuration.GetSection("Admin").GetSection("Pass").Value;
var roles = new string[4] { OWNER, ADMIN, SENIOR, USER };
if(await CreateUser(serviceProvider, email, usrName, pass, roles))
{
await AddToRoles(serviceProvider, email, roles);
}
}
private static async Task<bool> CreateUser(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, string email, string usrName, string pass, string[] roles)
{
var res = false;
using (var scope = serviceProvider.CreateScope())
{
var context = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<BaseContext>();
if (!context.ApplicationUsers.Any(u => u.NormalizedUserName == usrName.ToUpper()))
{
var roleStore = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>();
foreach (string role in roles)
{
if (!context.Roles.Any(r => r.Name == role))
{
await roleStore.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(role)).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
}
var user = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = usrName,
Email = email,
EmailConfirmed = true,
NormalizedEmail = email.ToUpper(),
NormalizedUserName = usrName.ToUpper(),
PhoneNumber = null,
PhoneNumberConfirmed = true,
SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString()
};
var password = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>();
user.PasswordHash = password.HashPassword(user, pass); ;
var userStore = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context);
res = (await userStore.CreateAsync(user).ConfigureAwait(false)).Succeeded;
}
return res;
}
}
private static async Task AddToRoles(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, string email, string[] roles)
{
using (var scope = serviceProvider.CreateScope())
{
var userManager = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();
var usr = await userManager.FindByEmailAsync(email).ConfigureAwait(false);
await userManager.AddToRolesAsync(usr, roles).ConfigureAwait(false);
}
}
}
是的！就是這個方法。用於幫助人們瞭解種子數據的真棒代碼。謝謝 – Sauron
我正在尋找一種讓用戶擁有固定ID的方法。當您移交某個ApplicationUser實例進行創建時，UserManager將分配一個新的ID。您的方法允許我將Id設置爲某個固定值 - 因此感謝您的努力:) – intertag
System.InvalidOperationException：'當分配給命令的連接處於未決的本地事務中時，ExecuteReader需要命令執行事務。該命令的Transaction屬性尚未初始化。' – tnktnk