如何糾正這個MySQL數據庫設置？

Question

運行PHP/Drupal查詢時，我的一個MySQL數據庫目前正在使用超過99％的CPU。

我在調查什麼是根本原因。

使用以下分析和配置數據可以建議主數據庫設置問題或丟失/不正確的配置？

bash free：

   total  used  free  shared buffers  cached 
Mem:   2048  1635  412   0   0   0 
-/+ buffers/cache:  1635  412 
Swap:   0   0   0 

ps auxf：

root  7430 0.0 0.0 9176 1400 ?  S May30 0:00 
/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/db.pid 
mysql  7617 0.6 12.3 486900 258956 ?  Sl May30 114:26 \_ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/db.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/db.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock 

這裏是my.cnf：

[mysqld] 
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock 
local-infile=0 
tmpdir=/dev/shm 
max_allowed_packet=100M 

這裏是sql show status：

SQL result 

Host: localhost 
Database: db 
Generation Time: Jun 11, 2012 at 09:22 AM 
Generated by: phpMyAdmin 3.4.7.1/MySQL 5.5.24 
SQL query: SHOW STATUS; 
Rows: 310 

Variable_name Value 
Aborted_clients 242 
Aborted_connects 50 
Binlog_cache_disk_use 0 
Binlog_cache_use 0 
Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use 0 
Binlog_stmt_cache_use 0 
Bytes_received 221 
Bytes_sent 1421 
Com_admin_commands 0 
Com_assign_to_keycache 0 
Com_alter_db 0 
Com_alter_db_upgrade 0 
Com_alter_event 0 
Com_alter_function 0 
Com_alter_procedure 0 
Com_alter_server 0 
Com_alter_table 0 
Com_alter_tablespace 0 
Com_analyze 0 
Com_begin 0 
Com_binlog 0 
Com_call_procedure 0 
Com_change_db 1 
Com_change_master 0 
Com_check 0 
Com_checksum 0 
Com_commit 0 
Com_create_db 0 
Com_create_event 0 
Com_create_function 0 
Com_create_index 0 
Com_create_procedure 0 
Com_create_server 0 
Com_create_table 0 
Com_create_trigger 0 
Com_create_udf 0 
Com_create_user 0 
Com_create_view 0 
Com_dealloc_sql 0 
Com_delete 0 
Com_delete_multi 0 
Com_do 0 
Com_drop_db 0 
Com_drop_event 0 
Com_drop_function 0 
Com_drop_index 0 
Com_drop_procedure 0 
Com_drop_server 0 
Com_drop_table 0 
Com_drop_trigger 0 
Com_drop_user 0 
Com_drop_view 0 
Com_empty_query 0 
Com_execute_sql 0 
Com_flush 0 
Com_grant 0 
Com_ha_close 0 
Com_ha_open 0 
Com_ha_read 0 
Com_help 0 
Com_insert 0 
Com_insert_select 0 
Com_install_plugin 0 
Com_kill 0 
Com_load 0 
Com_lock_tables 0 
Com_optimize 0 
Com_preload_keys 0 
Com_prepare_sql 0 
Com_purge 0 
Com_purge_before_date 0 
Com_release_savepoint 0 
Com_rename_table 0 
Com_rename_user 0 
Com_repair 0 
Com_replace 0 
Com_replace_select 0 
Com_reset 0 
Com_resignal 0 
Com_revoke 0 
Com_revoke_all 0 
Com_rollback 0 
Com_rollback_to_savepoint 0 
Com_savepoint 0 
Com_select 0 
Com_set_option 2 
Com_signal 0 
Com_show_authors 0 
Com_show_binlog_events 0 
Com_show_binlogs 0 
Com_show_charsets 0 
Com_show_collations 0 
Com_show_contributors 0 
Com_show_create_db 0 
Com_show_create_event 0 
Com_show_create_func 0 
Com_show_create_proc 0 
Com_show_create_table 0 
Com_show_create_trigger 0 
Com_show_databases 0 
Variable_name Value 
Com_show_engine_logs 0 
Com_show_engine_mutex 0 
Com_show_engine_status 0 
Com_show_events 0 
Com_show_errors 0 
Com_show_fields 0 
Com_show_function_status 0 
Com_show_grants 0 
Com_show_keys 0 
Com_show_master_status 0 
Com_show_open_tables 0 
Com_show_plugins 1 
Com_show_privileges 0 
Com_show_procedure_status 0 
Com_show_processlist 0 
Com_show_profile 0 
Com_show_profiles 0 
Com_show_relaylog_events 0 
Com_show_slave_hosts 0 
Com_show_slave_status 0 
Com_show_status 1 
Com_show_storage_engines 0 
Com_show_table_status 0 
Com_show_tables 0 
Com_show_triggers 0 
Com_show_variables 0 
Com_show_warnings 0 
Com_slave_start 0 
Com_slave_stop 0 
Com_stmt_close 0 
Com_stmt_execute 0 
Com_stmt_fetch 0 
Com_stmt_prepare 0 
Com_stmt_reprepare 0 
Com_stmt_reset 0 
Com_stmt_send_long_data 0 
Com_truncate 0 
Com_uninstall_plugin 0 
Com_unlock_tables 0 
Com_update 0 
Com_update_multi 0 
Com_xa_commit 0 
Com_xa_end 0 
Com_xa_prepare 0 
Com_xa_recover 0 
Com_xa_rollback 0 
Com_xa_start 0 
Compression OFF 
Connections 9376 
Created_tmp_disk_tables 1 
Created_tmp_files 6 
Created_tmp_tables 1 
Delayed_errors 0 
Delayed_insert_threads 0 
Delayed_writes 0 
Flush_commands 1 
Handler_commit 0 
Handler_delete 0 
Handler_discover 0 
Handler_prepare 0 
Handler_read_first 0 
Handler_read_key 0 
Handler_read_last 0 
Handler_read_next 0 
Handler_read_prev 0 
Handler_read_rnd 0 
Handler_read_rnd_next 21 
Handler_rollback 0 
Handler_savepoint 0 
Handler_savepoint_rollback 0 
Handler_update 0 
Handler_write 20 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data 8142 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_dirty 0 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed 1269726 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free 0 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_misc 49 
Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total 8191 
Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_rnd 0 
Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead 1306 
Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_evicted 8907 
Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests 139892912 
Innodb_buffer_pool_reads 308579 
Innodb_buffer_pool_wait_free 0 
Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests 5066182 
Innodb_data_fsyncs 313257 
Innodb_data_pending_fsyncs 0 
Innodb_data_pending_reads 0 
Innodb_data_pending_writes 0 
Innodb_data_read 5084336128 
Innodb_data_reads 308981 
Innodb_data_writes 658963 
Innodb_data_written 22884830208 
Innodb_dblwr_pages_written 634863 
Innodb_dblwr_writes 19355 
Innodb_have_atomic_builtins ON 
Innodb_log_waits 0 
Innodb_log_write_requests 3971026 
Innodb_log_writes 266658 
Innodb_os_log_fsyncs 273603 
Variable_name Value 
Innodb_os_log_pending_fsyncs 0 
Innodb_os_log_pending_writes 0 
Innodb_os_log_written 2077984256 
Innodb_page_size 16384 
Innodb_pages_created 55793 
Innodb_pages_read 310189 
Innodb_pages_written 634863 
Innodb_row_lock_current_waits 0 
Innodb_row_lock_time 185765 
Innodb_row_lock_time_avg 476 
Innodb_row_lock_time_max 30082 
Innodb_row_lock_waits 390 
Innodb_rows_deleted 96261 
Innodb_rows_inserted 243234 
Innodb_rows_read 73669737 
Innodb_rows_updated 367966 
Innodb_truncated_status_writes 0 
Key_blocks_not_flushed 0 
Key_blocks_unused 6657 
Key_blocks_used 851 
Key_read_requests 33873766 
Key_reads 3991 
Key_write_requests 5515715 
Key_writes 11500 
Last_query_cost 2.399000 
Max_used_connections 22 
Not_flushed_delayed_rows 0 
Open_files 41 
Open_streams 0 
Open_table_definitions 400 
Open_tables 400 
Opened_files 141222 
Opened_table_definitions 0 
Opened_tables 0 
Performance_schema_cond_classes_lost 0 
Performance_schema_cond_instances_lost 0 
Performance_schema_file_classes_lost 0 
Performance_schema_file_handles_lost 0 
Performance_schema_file_instances_lost 0 
Performance_schema_locker_lost 0 
Performance_schema_mutex_classes_lost 0 
Performance_schema_mutex_instances_lost 0 
Performance_schema_rwlock_classes_lost 0 
Performance_schema_rwlock_instances_lost 0 
Performance_schema_table_handles_lost 0 
Performance_schema_table_instances_lost 0 
Performance_schema_thread_classes_lost 0 
Performance_schema_thread_instances_lost 0 
Prepared_stmt_count 0 
Qcache_free_blocks 0 
Qcache_free_memory 0 
Qcache_hits 0 
Qcache_inserts 0 
Qcache_lowmem_prunes 0 
Qcache_not_cached 0 
Qcache_queries_in_cache 0 
Qcache_total_blocks 0 
Queries 4346053 
Questions 5 
Rpl_status AUTH_MASTER 
Select_full_join 0 
Select_full_range_join 0 
Select_range 0 
Select_range_check 0 
Select_scan 1 
Slave_heartbeat_period 0.000 
Slave_open_temp_tables 0 
Slave_received_heartbeats 0 
Slave_retried_transactions 0 
Slave_running OFF 
Slow_launch_threads 0 
Slow_queries 0 
Sort_merge_passes 0 
Sort_range 0 
Sort_rows 0 
Sort_scan 0 
Ssl_accept_renegotiates 0 
Ssl_accepts 0 
Ssl_callback_cache_hits 0 
Ssl_cipher 
Ssl_cipher_list 
Ssl_client_connects 0 
Ssl_connect_renegotiates 0 
Ssl_ctx_verify_depth 0 
Ssl_ctx_verify_mode 0 
Ssl_default_timeout 0 
Ssl_finished_accepts 0 
Ssl_finished_connects 0 
Ssl_session_cache_hits 0 
Ssl_session_cache_misses 0 
Ssl_session_cache_mode NONE 
Ssl_session_cache_overflows 0 
Ssl_session_cache_size 0 
Ssl_session_cache_timeouts 0 
Ssl_sessions_reused 0 
Ssl_used_session_cache_entries 0 
Ssl_verify_depth 0 
Ssl_verify_mode 0 
Ssl_version 
Table_locks_immediate 5113600 
Variable_name Value 
Table_locks_waited 17 
Tc_log_max_pages_used 0 
Tc_log_page_size 0 
Tc_log_page_waits 0 
Threads_cached 0 
Threads_connected 1 
Threads_created 9375 
Threads_running 1 
Uptime 1074227 
Uptime_since_flush_status 1074227 

Answer 1

我會做的還是仔細檢查執行哪些查詢以及在哪些表上。我不知道Drupal是否有針對查詢的某種調試/分析模式，但值得嘗試調查一下。

從這些，也試圖用EXPLAIN來檢查它們（f.ex.一些表可能需要索引）。

我知道您的網站位於Drupal，應該至少在其核心表格上進行了優化;你也使用自定義查詢/表？