如何轉換經度和緯度到國家或城市？

Question

我需要將經度和緯度座標轉換爲國家或城市，在python中是否有這樣的例子？

在此先感謝！

Answer 1

我使用Google的API。

from urllib2 import urlopen 
import json 
def getplace(lat, lon): 
    url = "http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?" 
    url += "latlng=%s,%s&sensor=false" % (lat, lon) 
    v = urlopen(url).read() 
    j = json.loads(v) 
    components = j['results'][0]['address_components'] 
    country = town = None 
    for c in components: 
     if "country" in c['types']: 
      country = c['long_name'] 
     if "postal_town" in c['types']: 
      town = c['long_name'] 
    return town, country 


print(getplace(51.1, 0.1)) 
print(getplace(51.2, 0.1)) 
print(getplace(51.3, 0.1)) 

輸出：

(u'Hartfield', u'United Kingdom') 
(u'Edenbridge', u'United Kingdom') 
(u'Sevenoaks', u'United Kingdom') 

Answer 2

這就是所謂的反向地理編碼。有一個圖書館，我可以找到在Python是集中在這個：https://github.com/thampiman/reverse-geocoder

一些相關的問題，與其他的想法：

• Offline Reverse Geocoding in Python
• Reverse Geocoding Without Web Access

Answer 3

一般來說，谷歌API是最好的方法。這不適合我的情況，因爲我必須處理大量條目，並且api速度很慢。

我編寫了一個相同的小版本，但首先下載了一個巨大的幾何圖形，然後計算機器上的國家。

from shapely.geometry import mapping, shape 
from shapely.prepared import prep 
from shapely.geometry import Point 


data = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/datasets/geo-countries/master/data/countries.geojson").json() 

countries = {} 
for feature in data["features"]: 
    geom = feature["geometry"] 
    country = feature["properties"]["ADMIN"] 
    countries[country] = prep(shape(geom)) 

print(len(countries)) 

def get_country(lon, lat): 
    point = Point(lon, lat) 
    for country, geom in countries.iteritems(): 
     if geom.contains(point): 
      return country 

    return "unknown" 

print(get_country(10.0, 47.0)) 
# Austria