如果一個登錄失敗，期望腳本停止多個設備

Question

我正在嘗試用一些嵌入式Expect腳本編寫一個小型bash腳本。我需要更換大約3500臺交換機的主機名。我有一個帶有我的IP地址和新主機名的csv文件，以及我的期望腳本。如果連接到交換機沒有問題，腳本似乎運行得很好。如果我從交換機獲得「超時」或「拒絕訪問」，腳本將停止退出。我需要腳本去下一個IP地址。

我確實使用rancid clogin進行自動登錄。

我是新來的期待和bash，並搜索我最好的朋友「谷歌」可能的答案，但無法找到答案。

該腳本如下：

hostnames.exp

#!/usr/bin/expect -f 
# Set variables 
set DATE [exec date +%F] 
set timeout 10 
# Log results 
log_file -a hostnames-$DATE.log 

# Let's go to configure mode 

## Read the file 
set fid [open ./hostnames.csv] 
set content [read $fid] 
close $fid 

## Split into records on newlines 
set records [split $content "\n"] 

## Iterate over the records 
foreach rec $records { 

## Split into fields on comma 
set fields [split $rec ","] 

## Assign fields to variables and print some out... 
lassign $fields\ hostname newname 

puts "$hostname" 
puts "$newname" 

if {$hostname == ""} continue 


# Announce which device we are working on and at what time 
send_user "\n" 
send_user ">>>>> Working on $hostname @ [exec date] <<<<<\r" 
send_user "\n" 

spawn clogin "$hostname\r" 

expect { 
    timeout { send_user "\n Failed to get login prompt\n"; exit 1 } 
    eof { send_user "\nSSH failure for hostname\n"; exit 1 } 
    "*-> $" 
    } 

sleep 2 


send "conf t\n" 
expect "#" 
send "hostname $newname\n" 
expect "#" 
send "exit\n" 
expect "(config)#" 
send "write mem\n" 
expect "*#" 
send "exit\n" 
expect ":~\$" exit 

# Announce which device we are working on and at what time 
send_user "\n" 
send_user ">>>>> Done working on $hostname @ [exec date] <<<<<\r" 
send_user "\n" 

} 

這裏是我的csv文件

hostnames.csv

10.10.1.1,newhostname1 
172.16.1.2,newhostname2 
192.168.45.150,newhostname3 

我會APPR提供任何幫助。

謝謝

嗨迪內希

謝謝您的答覆。

我用你提供的第一個代碼，沒有「句柄」部分。如果登錄失敗，它現在會轉到下一個IP地址，但它不會在良好的登錄中運行我的命令。登錄到172.16.1.2是唯一的工作連接。其他人將測試故障轉移。

$**expect hostnames.exp** 
10.10.1.1 
newhostname1 

>>>>> Working on 10.10.1.1 @ Wed Oct 1 11:59:09 SAST 2014 <<<<< 
spawn clogin 10.10.1.1 
10.10.1.1 

in /home/*****/.cloginrc.0.1.1 

SSH failure for hostname for 10.10.1.1 
172.16.1.2 
newhostname2 

>>>>> Working on 172.16.1.2 @ Wed Oct 1 11:59:09 SAST 2014 <<<<< 
spawn clogin 172.16.1.2 
172.16.1.2 
spawn telnet 172.16.1.2 
Trying 172.16.1.2... 
.onnected to 172.16.1.2 
Escape character is '^]'. 

User Access Verification 

Username: ***** 
Password: 
SR_Test_SW# 
SR_Test_SW# 
Failed to get login prompt for 172.16.1.2 
192.168.45.150 
newhostname3 

>>>>> Working on 192.168.45.150 @ Wed Oct 1 11:59:11 SAST 2014 <<<<< 
spawn clogin 192.168.45.150 
192.168.45.150 
spawn telnet 192.168.45.150 
Trying 192.168.45.150... 

Failed to get login prompt for 192.168.45.150 
$ 

我沒有嘗試你的第二個代碼的「處理」部分，這也給了我錯誤。

如果您需要我，我會爲您提供輸出。

謝謝你的時間。

Answer 1

只需使用continue下期待timeout和eof，代替exit 1

expect { 
    timeout { 
       send_user "\n Failed to get login prompt for the switch $hostname\n" 
       continue 
      } 
    eof { 
      send_user "\nSSH failure for hostname for the switch $hostname\n" 
      continue 
     } 
    "*-> $" 
} 

一個例子說明如下。

#!/usr/bin/expect 
set timeout 3 
send_user "we are waiting for the word 'hi' \n" 

#Looping for 10 times 
foreach x { 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10} { 
     puts "Is anybody there???" 
     expect { 
       timeout { 
         puts "Nobody responding to me at trial $x" 
         puts "I'm waiting" 
         #Proceeding with the next element of the loop, using 'continue' 
         continue 
       } 
       #Dont bother about this 'nocase' keyword. ;) 
       -nocase "hi" { puts "Hey friend!" } 
     } 
} 

因爲你是產卵甚至expect前「clogin」，我們是安全的在這方面，它不會引起任何問題。如果它無法到達，我們將繼續產生新的'clogin'。

但是，優雅地關閉生成的過程是一種很好的做法。作爲

# After this command execution, the variable 'handle' will hold 
# the spawn handle reference for the 'clogin' process 
set handle [ spawn clogin "$hostname\r" ] 

# Your expect statements here - Just modifying it for our needs 

expect { 
     timeout { 
        send_user "\n Failed to get login prompt for the switch $hostname\n" 
        # Closing the process gracefully 
        close $handle 
        continue 
       } 
     eof { 
       send_user "\nSSH failure for hostname for the switch $hostname\n" 
       close $handle 
       continue 
      } 
     "*-> $" 
} 

Answer 2

我上搜索，找到這樣的劇本，但它會在三分之一的時間執行可以安排。那麼，您將如何着手將列表分成三個文件/部分，然後在三個不同的會話期間執行更改。因此儘早完成。