找不到「登錄」的人=

Question

我從來沒有開發任何網站，但現在我必須做一個簡單的應用程序來顯示現有數據庫中的一些數據。事實上，每個用戶只能看到他/她的相應數據，所以我需要某種形式的身份驗證來完成加入該用戶和其他表的查詢。我試圖讓事情變得簡單，所有用戶所需要做的就是鍵入它的用戶名，這是佩索阿表上的主鍵（沒有密碼，沒有電子郵件確認，沒有任何內容）。

我已經閱讀了一些關於Rails on RailsGuides的教程，以及www.rubypigeon.com/posts/how-to-implement-simple-authentication-without-devise/的認證，但我無法獲得我的登錄工作。

這裏是我到目前爲止的代碼：

的HomeController：

class HomeController < ApplicationController 
    def index 
    end 

    def login 
    @user = Pessoa.new 
    end 

    def sign_in 
    @user = Pessoa.find(params[:id]) 

    if @user 
     session.clear 
     session[:user_id] = @user.id 
     render '/' 
    else 
     @error = 'Username or password was incorrect' 
     erb :sign_in 
    end 
    end 

    def sign_out 
    session.clear 
    render '/' 
    end 

    helper_method :current_user 
    def current_user 
    if session[:user_id] 
     Pessoa.find (session[:user_id]) 
    else 
     nil 
    end 
    end 
end 

的意見/家/ login.html.erb：

<%= form_for @user, url: home_sign_in_path do |f| %> 

    <div class="field"> 
    <%= f.label :"digite seu login" %> 
    <%= f.text_field :id %> 
    </div> 

    <div class="actions"> 
    <%= f.submit :entrar %> 
    </div> 

<% end %> 

的routes.rb

Rails.application.routes.draw do 
    root 'home#index' 
    get 'home/index' 

    get 'home/login', to: 'home#login' 
    post 'home/sign_in', to: 'home#sign_in' 
    post 'home/sign_out', to: 'home#sign_out' 

    resources :pessoas 
end 

/views/home/index.html.erb有一個大量的靜態HTML的東西，它唯一的Ruby代碼是

<%= link_to 'Login', home_login_path %> 

Pessoa.rb

class Pessoa < ApplicationRecord 
    self.table_name = 'pessoa' 
    self.primary_key = 'login' 
end 

我與PostgreSQL的遺留表的工作，這就是爲什麼主鍵，就必須改變。

每當我到localhost：3000/home/login並鍵入我的登錄名時，我會收到this 錯誤消息。奇怪的部分是，如果我運行完全相同的線路，在控制檯上給我提供了錯誤，它就可以正常工作。正如我所說的，我對Rails和一般的Web開發非常陌生，所以我認爲這是一個微不足道的細節，我無法看到。任何幫助，將不勝感激。

順便說一句，不介意資源名稱，「Pessoa」的意思是「葡萄牙人」，這是我的母語。

development.log：

Started GET "/home/login" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 20:22:45 -0300 
Processing by HomeController#login as HTML 
    Rendering home/login.html.erb within layouts/application 
    Rendered home/login.html.erb within layouts/application (12.4ms) 
Completed 200 OK in 1504ms (Views: 1369.5ms | ActiveRecord: 0.0ms) 


Started POST "/home/sign_in" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 20:22:50 -0300 
Processing by HomeController#sign_in as HTML 
Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"Jzt0Yeven91Kl8DrfjpJa8I9PJjr7SzKmE43lwprjlopV7l+zFU6EUjUgAiKYJhzemm7xu8NGfiPj3E5h5EiYw==", "pessoa"=>{"id"=>"gabrielbrito"}, "commit"=>"entrar"} 
    [1m[36mPessoa Load (1.5ms)[0m [1m[34mSELECT "pessoa".* FROM "pessoa" WHERE "pessoa"."login" = $1 LIMIT $2[0m [["login", nil], ["LIMIT", 1]] 
Completed 404 Not Found in 9ms (ActiveRecord: 1.5ms) 



ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound (Couldn't find Pessoa with 'login'=): 

app/controllers/home_controller.rb:10:in `sign_in' 
Started PUT "/__web_console/repl_sessions/ed3bb60f3a72a0c0b0c951fa03c0f23d" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 20:22:56 -0300 
Started PUT "/__web_console/repl_sessions/ed3bb60f3a72a0c0b0c951fa03c0f23d" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 20:22:58 -0300 
Started PUT "/__web_console/repl_sessions/ed3bb60f3a72a0c0b0c951fa03c0f23d" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 20:23:04 -0300 
[1m[36mPessoa Load (1.2ms)[0m [1m[34mSELECT "pessoa".* FROM "pessoa" WHERE "pessoa"."login" = $1 LIMIT $2[0m [["login", "gabrielbrito"], ["LIMIT", 1]] 

Started GET "/home/login" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 21:27:45 -0300 
Processing by HomeController#login as HTML 
    Rendering home/login.html.erb within layouts/application 
    Rendered home/login.html.erb within layouts/application (6.2ms) 
Completed 200 OK in 1626ms (Views: 1152.5ms | ActiveRecord: 7.5ms) 


Started POST "/home/sign_in" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-06-06 21:27:52 -0300 
Processing by HomeController#sign_in as HTML 
    Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"q2ffWM1gqaXfCrsFm7KlGKwR/iTDoQBflquem2BKSaeMyKBiIaUrtnIkoEXNztUWRasIGGg0qZZxpdYao8xb9Q==", "pessoa"=>{"id"=>"gabrielbrito"}, "commit"=>"entrar"} 
    [1m[36mPessoa Load (2.8ms)[0m [1m[34mSELECT "pessoa".* FROM "pessoa" WHERE "pessoa"."login" = $1 LIMIT $2[0m [["login", "gabrielbrito"], ["LIMIT", 1]] 
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 23ms (ActiveRecord: 2.8ms) 


NoMethodError (undefined method `empty?' for nil:NilClass): 

app/controllers/home_controller.rb:15:in `sign_in' 

編輯：解決了，感謝@格里的幫助。

Answer 1

UPDATE

這似乎是在你的模型self.primary_key = 'login'的問題，所以要儘量補充說，關鍵是你的路線：

resources :pessoas, param: :login 

是一致的，你也應該改變任何參考id到login，就是在你的控制器：

@user = Pessoa.find_by(login: params[:pessoa][:login]) 

一第二你的觀點：

<div class="field"> 
    <%= f.label :"digite seu login" %> 
    <%= f.text_field :login %> 
</div> 

---

關於

「未定義的方法 '是空的？'對於零：NilClass」上線渲染‘/’

你應該改變render '/'到任何一個redirect_to（重定向到另一個網頁）或render view_name其中view_name是要渲染的視圖的名稱。

例如，如果你想重定向到家裏，你可以這樣做：

redirect_to home_path 

---

此外，你應該使用的find_by代替find以避免當用戶進入一個得到同樣的錯誤無效login（即不存在數據庫之一）：

@user = Pessoa.find_by(login: params[:pessoa][:login]) 

因爲這樣你會得到一個空的集合，而不是一個錯誤（例如ception），你還需要更新你如何評價如果User發現：

if @user.present? 
    # success code 
else 
    # failure code 
end 

全部放在一起，你sign_in動作應該是這樣的：

def sign_in 
    @user = Pessoa.find_by(login: params[:pessoa][:login]) 

    if @user.present? 
    session.clear 
    session[:user_id] = @user.id 
    redirect_to home_path 
    else 
    @error = 'Username or password was incorrect' 
    end 
end