如何在JTextPane中將每個字符設置爲不同的顏色/背景顏色？

Question

我一直在尋找這一段時間，到目前爲止，所有的我已經能夠拿出的是如何創建一個樣式，並將其應用到一個字符，像這樣：

StyledDocument doc = (StyledDocument) new DefaultStyledDocument(); 
JTextPane textpane = new JTextPane(doc); 
textpane.setText("Test"); 
javax.swing.text.Style style = textpane.addStyle("Red", null); 
StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED); 
doc.setCharacterAttributes(0, 1, textpane.getStyle("Red"), true); 

這是非常有用如果您的文檔中只有幾種樣式，並希望按名稱存儲它們，以便稍後可以輕鬆應用它們。在我的應用程序中，我希望能夠爲文本中的每個字符獨立設置前景顏色（只有幾個值之一）和背景顏色（灰度，許多不同的值）。爲此創建潛在的數百/數千種不同風格似乎是一項巨大的浪費。有沒有辦法設置這些屬性，而不必每次都創建一個新的樣式？如果我只需要渲染文本就會容易得多，但我也需要使其可編輯。有沒有辦法做到這一點JTextPane，還是有另一個擺動類，提供這種功能？

Answer 1

如果你想改變風格爲每個字符在文本面板中，這是一個完全隨機的方式來完成它。您爲每個角色創建一個不同的屬性集。你可以找到合適的組合（前景/背景對比度，字符大小沒有太大差異等）。您還可以存儲已應用的不同樣式，以免兩次使用相同的樣式。

import java.awt.Color; 
import java.util.Random; 

import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.JScrollPane; 
import javax.swing.JTextPane; 
import javax.swing.text.DefaultStyledDocument; 
import javax.swing.text.SimpleAttributeSet; 
import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants; 
import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument; 

public class TestDifferentStyles { 
    private void initUI() { 
     JFrame frame = new JFrame(TestDifferentStyles.class.getSimpleName()); 
     frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 

     StyledDocument doc = new DefaultStyledDocument(); 
     JTextPane textPane = new JTextPane(doc); 
     textPane.setText("Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has " 
       + "been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of " 
       + "type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the " 
       + "leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the" 
       + " release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing " 
       + "software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum."); 

     Random random = new Random(); 
     for (int i = 0; i < textPane.getDocument().getLength(); i++) { 
      SimpleAttributeSet set = new SimpleAttributeSet(); 
      // StyleConstants.setBackground(set, new Color(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256))); 
      StyleConstants.setForeground(set, new Color(random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256), random.nextInt(256))); 
      StyleConstants.setFontSize(set, random.nextInt(12) + 12); 
      StyleConstants.setBold(set, random.nextBoolean()); 
      StyleConstants.setItalic(set, random.nextBoolean()); 
      StyleConstants.setUnderline(set, random.nextBoolean()); 

      doc.setCharacterAttributes(i, 1, set, true); 
     } 

     frame.add(new JScrollPane(textPane)); 
     frame.setSize(500, 400); 
     frame.setVisible(true); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 

     javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
      @Override 
      public void run() { 
       new TestDifferentStyles().initUI(); 
      } 
     }); 
    } 

} 

Answer 2

我不知道你的意思，但你不能通過在JtextPane，並通過所有字母循環迭代中的每個字符循環要突出顯示等/字符有一個如果語句檢查字符，然後相應地設置Style。

這裏是我做了一個例子，我只是實現它的人物^h和瓦特用於演示目的：

//necessary imports 
import java.awt.Color; 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.JTextPane; 
import javax.swing.text.DefaultStyledDocument; 
import javax.swing.text.StyleConstants; 
import javax.swing.text.StyledDocument; 

public class Test { 

    /** 
    * Default constructor for Test.class 
    */ 
    public Test() { 
     initComponents(); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 

     /** 
     * Create GUI and components on Event-Dispatch-Thread 
     */ 
     javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
      @Override 
      public void run() { 
       Test test = new Test(); 
      } 
     }); 
    } 

    /** 
    * Initialize GUI and components (including ActionListeners etc) 
    */ 
    private void initComponents() { 
     JFrame jFrame = new JFrame(); 
     jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 

     StyledDocument doc = (StyledDocument) new DefaultStyledDocument(); 
     JTextPane textPane = new JTextPane(doc); 
     textPane.setText("Hello, world! :)"); 

     //create necessary styles for various characters 
     javax.swing.text.Style style = textPane.addStyle("Red", null); 
     StyleConstants.setForeground(style, Color.RED); 
     javax.swing.text.Style style2 = textPane.addStyle("Blue", null); 
     StyleConstants.setForeground(style2, Color.BLUE); 

     //create array of characters to check for and style 
     String[] lettersToEdit = new String[]{"h", "w"}; 

     //create arraylist to hold each character in textPane 
     ArrayList<String> strings = new ArrayList<>(); 

     //get all text 
     String text = textPane.getText(); 

     //populate arraylist 
     for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) { 
      strings.add(text.charAt(i) + ""); 
     } 

     //declare variabe to hold position 
     int position = 0; 

     for (String s1 : strings) {//for each character in the textpane text 
      for (String s2 : lettersToEdit) {//for each character in array to check (lettersToEdit) 
       if (s2.toLowerCase().equalsIgnoreCase(s1)) {//if there was a match 

        System.out.println("found a match: " + s1); 
        System.out.println("counter: " + position + "/" + (position + 1)); 

        //check which chacacter we matched 
        if (s1.equalsIgnoreCase(lettersToEdit[0])) { 
         //set appropriate style 
         doc.setCharacterAttributes(position, 1, textPane.getStyle("Red"), true); 
        } 
        if (s1.equalsIgnoreCase(lettersToEdit[1])) { 
         doc.setCharacterAttributes(position, 1, textPane.getStyle("Blue"), true); 
        } 
       } 
      } 
      //increase position after each character on textPane is parsed 
      position++; 
     } 

     jFrame.add(textPane); 
     //pack frame (size JFrame to match preferred sizes of added components and set visible 
     jFrame.pack(); 
     jFrame.setVisible(true); 
    } 
} 

Answer 3

我認爲你必須做到這一點的最好辦法是像我們在與亮點，而不是追逐字符，但具有圖案編輯器，例如：

private static HashMap<Pattern, Color> patternColors; 
private static String GENERIC_XML_NAME = "[A-Za-z]+[A-Za-z0-9\\-_]*(:[A-Za-z]+[A-Za-z0-9\\-_]+)?"; 
private static String TAG_PATTERN = "(</?" + GENERIC_XML_NAME + ")"; 
private static String TAG_END_PATTERN = "(>|/>)"; 
private static String TAG_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN = "(" + GENERIC_XML_NAME + ")\\w*\\="; 
private static String TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE = "\\w*\\=\\w*(\"[^\"]*\")"; 
private static String TAG_COMMENT = "(<\\!--[\\w ]*-->)"; 
private static String TAG_CDATA = "(<\\!\\[CDATA\\[.*\\]\\]>)"; 

private static final Color COLOR_OCEAN_GREEN = new Color(63, 127, 127); 
private static final Color COLOR_WEB_BLUE = new Color(0, 166, 255); 
private static final Color COLOR_PINK = new Color(127, 0, 127); 

static { 
    // NOTE: the order is important! 
    patternColors = new LinkedHashMap<Pattern, Color>(); 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_PATTERN), Color.BLUE); // COLOR_OCEAN_GREEN | Color.BLUE 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_CDATA), COLOR_WEB_BLUE); 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN), COLOR_PINK); 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_END_PATTERN), COLOR_OCEAN_GREEN); 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_COMMENT), Color.GRAY); 
    patternColors.put(Pattern.compile(TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE), COLOR_OCEAN_GREEN); //Color.BLUE | COLOR_OCEAN_GREEN 
} 




public XmlView(Element element) { 

    super(element); 

    // Set tabsize to 4 (instead of the default 8). 
    getDocument().putProperty(PlainDocument.tabSizeAttribute, 4); 
}