如何過濾具有某個子節點的節點

我有這個XSLT樣式表，我試圖找到包含a子元素（最終包含id=".."屬性的節點）的節點。但是，無論我做了什麼，<xsl:when test="a">都不會匹配。 xsltproc從來沒有在那裏匹配過，並且這個命令行無限期地掛起，而只是一直髮布getdateandtime。如何過濾具有某個子節點的節點

saxon9 lib/docbook/5/essays/foss-and-other-beasts-v3ll-in-one.xhtml bin/clean-up-docbook-xhtml-1.1.xslt

我在Mandriva Linux Cooker上。這裏是我的樣式表：

<xsl:stylesheet version = '1.0' 
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform' 
    > 

    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd" 
     /> 

    <xsl:template match="*"> 
     <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template mode="copy_html_ns" match="*"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
        name="{local-name()}"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:choose> 
      <xsl:when test="a"> 
       <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
          name="foobar"> 
        <!-- 
        <xsl:attribute name="id"> 
         <xsl:value-of select="a[@id]" /> 
        </xsl:attribute> 
        --> 
        <xsl:copy-of select="@*" /> 
        <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
       </xsl:element> 
      </xsl:when> 
      <xsl:when test="local-name() = 'a' and @id"> 
      </xsl:when> 
      <xsl:otherwise> 
       <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
          name="{local-name()}"> 
        <xsl:copy-of select="@*" /> 
        <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
       </xsl:element> 
      </xsl:otherwise> 
     </xsl:choose> 
    </xsl:template> 

</xsl:stylesheet>

來源

2011-04-20 Shlomi Fish

我要指出，我的問題是如何要得到子節點識別中的子元素，並且由於大量實驗，樣式表有點尷尬。對於那個很抱歉。任何幫助將不勝感激。 – 2011-04-20 15:03:28

您還沒有向我們展示示例XML輸入，這將有所幫助。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 16:36:37

這個問題還不清楚。轉換問題應該有一個減少輸入樣本和一個期望的輸出。匹配任何元素與'a'子元素的模式是'* [a]'。 – 2011-04-20 22:21:58

編輯
[刪除誤導，不正確的代碼部分]

因爲沒有輸入文檔，並沒有期望的輸出，通過您的XSL以上工作，並假設：

你需要找到/不同的處理所有

包含節點個標籤==>foobar，
包含a標籤與id屬性==>has-a-with-id，
是*標籤，所有其他的==>他們應該將剛纔複製。

所以，如果你有一個像

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<base> 
    <some-child> 
     <a>an a</a> 
     <b>a b</b> 
     <a>other a</a> 
     <b>other b</b> 
    </some-child> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>third b</b> 
     <a id="blah">third a</a> 
     <b>fourth b</b> 
    </some-child> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>last b</b> 
    </some-child> 
</base>

的XML輸入你的輸出應該是

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<!DOCTYPE base PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> 
<base xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
    <foobar> 
     <a>an a</a> 
     <b>a b</b> 
     <a>other a</a> 
     <b>other b</b> 
    </foobar> 
    <has-a-with-id> 
     <b>third b</b> 
     <a id="blah">third a</a> 
     <b>fourth b</b> 
    </has-a-with-id> 
    <some-child> 
     <b>last b</b> 
    </some-child> 
</base>

如果是這樣的話，我的解決辦法是

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
     xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
     xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> 
    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"/> 
    <xsl:strip-space elements="*"/> 

    <xsl:template match="/"> 
     <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*[a[@id]]" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="has-a-with-id"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*[a[not(@id)]]" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="foobar"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="*" mode="foo"> 
     <xsl:element xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="{local-name()}"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 
</xsl:stylesheet>

我也很好奇如何優化這些代碼，所以如果有人有想法，請感覺自由e共享/編輯。

來源

2011-04-20 15:06:27 rekaszeru

@LarsH，感謝您的評論，儘管它很粗魯，但您是對的，很清楚：我在寫第一行時想到了什麼:(。我沒有對它進行測試，只是寫道，儘管我現在還沒有和'when'一起工作。再次感謝，我會更新我的答案，以防止誤導任何人。 – rekaszeru 2011-04-20 17:15:00

@rekaszeru - 對不起突然。我很欣賞你在自衛方面不會失禮。這是讓我感到厭惡的幾個原因之一：有人提出*爲事實*，這是不真實的，誤導了那些尋求幫助的人。我會刪除我以前的評論。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 17:25:50

OP正在嘗試匹配具有名爲'a'的子元素的元素。這個答案中的匹配模式將會匹配名爲'a'的元素。 – LarsH 2011-04-20 17:27:42

您的測試<xsl:when test="a">是正確的，用於測試上下文節點是否具有任何名爲a的子元素。

「但是，無論我做了什麼，<xsl:when test="a"> 都不匹配。」

你怎麼知道它永遠不會匹配？如果您提供樣本輸入，預期產出和實際產出，我們可以更好地診斷預期產出的原因！=實際產出。

順便說一句，你知道

<xsl:template match="*"> 
    <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
</xsl:template>

將應用模式「foo」的模板，每一個元素的所有孩子？（這反過來將它遞歸地應用於這些孩子的所有孩子）。所以，如果你有一個文檔

<w><x><y><z/></y></x></w>

在模式「富」，那麼元素z將得到處理的3倍。也許你的意思是第一個模板是

<xsl:template match="/"> 
    <xsl:apply-templates mode="foo" /> 
</xsl:template>

我也喜歡把上應用模板明確select="*"，這只是爲了更容易地看到發生了什麼事情。但這是一個偏好問題。

來源

2011-04-20 16:44:24 LarsH

我試圖查找包含的「一個」子元素（最終一個包含ID =「..」屬性）節點。

你有一堆模式 - 這與你的問題完全不相干。

該匹配圖案

*[a and @id]

匹配的當前節點的所有子（在執行相應<xsl:apply-templates>時），其本身具有子a並且還具有id屬性。

此匹配模式：

*[a and @id='someString']

當前節點的所有子（在執行相應<xsl:apply-templates>時）匹配本身有一個孩子a並且還具有id屬性具有值'someString'。

來源

2011-04-20 22:33:49

嗯，有人Freenode上的#xml通道幫我寫這篇文章的替代樣式表，其效果更好：

<xsl:stylesheet version = '1.0' 
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
    xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform' 
    > 

    <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" 
     doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" 
     doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd" 
     /> 

    <xsl:template match="node()|@*"> 
     <xsl:copy> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:copy> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="node()[xhtml:a/@id]"> 
     <xsl:copy> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="xhtml:a/@id"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:copy> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="xhtml:h3[@class='author']"> 
     <xsl:element name="h2"> 
      <xsl:copy-of select="xhtml:a/@id"/> 
      <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/> 
     </xsl:element> 
    </xsl:template> 

    <xsl:template match="xhtml:a/@id"/> 

</xsl:stylesheet>

與該部分有「<的xsl：模板匹配=」 XHTML：H 3 [@類=」作者']「>」可能會被安全地忽略，因爲我稍後添加它來解決問題。

關於我需要處理它的輸出是一個標準的XHTML由具有一些<H2>/<H3>標記與空&的DocBook/XML作爲生成的; LT;一個ID =「my_anchor_here/>元件，用於錨定，而不是做正確的事情< H2 ID =「my_anchor_here」 >的，所以我想對其進行過濾

這裏是一個自包含的樣本：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><link rel="home" href="#index" title="Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)"/><link rel="next" href="#introduction" title="Introduction"/></head><body><div xml:lang="en-GB" class="article"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="index"/>Open Source, Free Software and Other Beasts (version 3)</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Shlomi</span> <span class="surname">Fish</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><br/> 
                    <code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>&gt;</code><br/> 
                    <code class="uri"><a class="uri" href="http://www.shlomifish.org/"/></code><br/> 
                </p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2004, 2006, 2011 Shlomi Fish</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="main_legal_notice"/><p> 

     This document is copyrighted by Shlomi Fish under the 
     <a class="link" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative 
     Commons Attribution License (CC-by) version 3.0</a> (or at 
     your option a greater version). 
    </p></div></div></div><hr/></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="introduction"/>Introduction</h2></div></div></div><p> 
Many people will hear about Linux in the news, being the cool new operating 
system that everyone can use free of charge. Those who become interested in 
it enough or actually start working with it, will learn that it is made out 
of many independent "open source" components. Now, after enough time 
(perhaps very soon), they will learn that the term "free software" (where 
free is free as in "free speech" and not free as in "free beer") can be 
used as an alternative to the adjective "open source". But what is open 
source and free software? What distinguishes them from other software that 
is available to the public at no cost or is distributed as shareware? 
</p><p> 
Note that the terms "free software" and "open source" would be used 
throughout this article to refer to the same phenomenon. I do not religiously 
stick to either term. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="licences_and_proprietary_software"/>Software Licences and "Proprietary" Software</h2></div></div></div><p> 
This section deals with the legal details of distributing software, and the 
so-called licences that dictate what can be done with them. 
</p><p> 
Software out of being a sequence of bits, that can be transcribed to a 
paper, spoken or otherwise transported is considered speech and so is 
protected by the <a class="link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech">Freedom of Speech principle of Liberalism</a>. Thus, writing 
software and distributing it are a constitutional right in most liberal 
countries. 
</p><p> 
Nevertheless, a piece of software, as any other text, can be copyrighted. 
Copyright involves making sure that the software as given to someone else 
other than its originator or copyright holder will be restricted in use or 
modification. An originator can outline what he believes to be a proper use 
of the software in a code licence (which applies to the code) or an 
"End-User License Agreement" (or EULA which applies to given binaries). 
</p><p> 
Proprietary software, i.e: such whose use, modification or distribution is 
encumbered, was a relatively new phenomenon if you take a look at the old 
history of computing. It actually started even before the time when 
Microsoft, then a very small company wrote Altair Basic, and Bill Gates 
published the famous (or possibly infamous) <a class="link" href="http://www.blinkenlights.com/classiccmp/gateswhine.html">"Open Letter to Altair Hobbyists"</a>. 
In fact, IBM and other companies distributed proprietary software for 
mainframe systems, a long time before the Personal Computer revolution. 
</p><p> 
The PC revolution, however, made the situation more critical. Soon, 
computers became faster, more powerful, with larger memory, and more common 
as time went by. At the moment, there are 100's of millions of Pentiums and 
other computers out there, and millions of newer computers are sold each year. 
</p><p> 
Yet, the majority of these computers mostly run software that cannot be 
modified or distributed, at least not effectively or legally. The free 
software (or open-source) movement started as an anti-thesis to the 
tendency of vendors to hide the details of their software from the public. 
The Linux Operating System with its various components (most of which are 
available to other systems as well, and are not affiliated with the Linux 
kernel in particular) is the most visible showcase to this phenomena. By 
installing Linux it is possible to turn an everyday personal computer into 
a full fledged UNIX-based workstation or server, which is a 100% powerful GNU 
system. This can cost little if any money, and the various components of the 
operating system are all freely modifiable and can be re-distributed in their 
modified form. 
</p><p> 
It is not the only place where free software can be used. It is in fact 
possible to turn a Windows installation into a Linux-like GNU system as 
well (see <a class="link" href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a> for instance) or run 
many native Microsoft Windows open-source programs on one's Windows 
installation. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="meaning_of_terms"/>Meaning of the terms</h2></div></div></div><p> 
According to the <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software Definition </a> free software must fulfill 4 freedoms: 
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist"><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to run the program, for any purpose 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs. 
Access to the source code is a precondition for this. 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour 
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> 
The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the 
public, so that the whole community benefits . Access to the source code is 
a precondition for this. 
</p></li></ol></div><p> 
    The <a class="link" href="http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition_plain.php">Open Source definition</a> is similar, but some licences can qualify as 
    open-source and not as free 
software. This is usually not an issue, because the majority of open source 
software out there is free as well. Moreover, lately most of the companies 
and people who have phrased their own software licences, have tried to also 
get the Free Software Foundation to approve their licences as free software 
in their eyes. 
</p><p> 
Despite common belief, selling free/open-source software is perfectly 
legitimate. In fact, one can charge as much as he pleases for it. 
Nevertheless, most free software is distributed for free or for very 
cheaply on the Internet and other mediums. This is due to the fact that its 
freely distributable nature does not give way much to sale value, so there 
usually is no point in attempting to mandate a charge for selling it. 
</p><p> 
Another common misconception is that it sometimes cannot be modified or 
customised for internal use. In fact, all free software (but not <span class="emphasis"><em>all</em></span> 
open source software), can. Only when you wish to distribute it (free of 
charge or commercially), you may have to distribute your changes. 
(depending on the licence) The use of open source software to process 
proprietary content or be processed by non-free programs is also, always 
available. Thus, an open-source C compiler can be used to compile the code 
of proprietary programs like the Oracle Database Server. 
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="history"/>History</h2></div></div></div><p> 
This section is not a definitive overview of the history of the free 
software movement. It focuses on the issues regarding the usage of the 
common terms. 
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="history_unix_bsd"/>Early Days, AT&amp;T UNIX, BSD</h3></div></div></div><p> 
The free software movement (before it was called this way) started 
organically from individuals who distributed code they wrote under the 
Public Domain or what would now be considered open source or semi-open 
source licences. 
</p><p> 
AT&amp;T UNIX that started at 1969 was the first showcase for this 
movement. Several Bell Labs Engineers led by Ken Thompson developed UNIX 
for their own use, and out of legal restrictions AT&amp;T faced, decided to 
distribute it to academic organizations and other organizations free-of-charge 
with the source included. (that licence did not qualify as open-source but 
it was pretty close). UNIX eventually sported the C programming languages, 
which enabled writing code that would run on many platforms easier, and the 
UNIX sources included a C compiler that was itself written in C. Around the 
early 70's the only computers capable of running UNIX were main-frames and 
the so-called "mini-computers" so there initially weren't as many 
installations as only large organizations could support buying computers to 
deploy UNIX on. 
</p><p> 
That changed as integrated circuits, and computers became cheaper and more 
powerful. Very soon, cheap UNIX-based servers and workstations became 
commonplace and the number of UNIX installations exploded. 
<sup>[<a id="present_day_unixes" href="#ftn.present_day_unixes" class="footnote">1</a>]</sup> 
</p><p> 
    Nadav Har'El has prepared <a class="link" href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hackers-il/message/1731">a coverage of the BSDs and early AT&amp;T UNIX 
     history</a>. 
</p><p> 
The University of California at Berkeley (a.k.a UCB) forked its own version of 
AT&amp;T UNIX and started re-writing parts of the code, and incorporating many 
changes of its own. The parts that the Berkeley developers wrote on their 
own had originally been licensed UCB and kept as non-FOSS (= "free and open 
source software") "All Rights Reserved" licence. The BSD system became very 
popular (perhaps even more than the AT&amp;T one). 
</p><p> 
When Arpanet, the predecessor to the Internet was disbanded due to inadequacy, 
the Internet converted to running on top of 32-bit UNIX boxes such as 
the <a class="link" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX">VAX architecture by Digital 
Equipment Corporation</a> (now part of Hewlett-Packard). This caused a 
merging of the UNIX culture with the Arpanet enthusiasts who exchanged code 
on the Arpanet, and UNIX programmers started sharing code for various 
components and add-ons of UNIX on the Internet. 
</p></div></div></div></body></html>

來源

2011-04-22 05:10:12

如何過濾具有某個子節點的節點

回答

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