我知道那裏有很多類似的問題 - 相信我,我已經閱讀過它們 - 但我無法得到它的工作。這是特別的,因爲我前幾天解決了與相關計劃的類似鬥爭。我意識到對我的問題的回答很有可能是是在那裏,但我花了好幾個小時或兩個看,沒有太多的成功。C++鏈接錯誤的模板,只使用頭文件,爲什麼?
我想建立一個鏈表。該程序由四個文件組成 - 鏈接列表和節點的頭文件,以及列表中的一個interace,以及包含main方法的.cpp文件。
ListTester.cpp
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "LinkedList.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
void main() {
LinkedList<int> a;
a.addFirst(22);
a.addFirst(24);
a.addFirst(28);
LinkedList<int> b;
b = a;
b = b + a;
b += a;
cout<<b;
}
LinkedList.h
#ifndef LINKEDLIST_H
#define LINKEDLIST_H
#include "Node.h"
#include "List.h"
#include <ostream>
template <typename T>
class LinkedList : public List {
private:
int n;
Node<T> *first;
Node<T> *last;
public:
LinkedList();
LinkedList(const LinkedList & ll);
~LinkedList();
int size();
void clear();
void addFirst(T data);
void addLast(T data);
T removeFirst();
T removeLast();
T getFirst();
T getLast();
Node<T>* getFirstNode() const;
void addAt(int pos, T data);
T removeAt(int pos);
T getAt(int pos);
LinkedList& operator=(const LinkedList<T> &right);
T operator[](int i);
LinkedList& operator+(const LinkedList<T> &right);
LinkedList& operator+=(const LinkedList<T> &right);
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, const LinkedList<T> & ll);
};
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::LinkedList() {
this->n = 0;
this->first = 0;
this->last = 0;
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::LinkedList(const LinkedList & ll) {
this-> n = 0;
this-> first = 0;
this-> last = 0;
Node *temp = ll.first;
while(temp) {
addLast(temp->getData());
temp = temp->getNext();
}
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::addFirst(T data) {
Node *p = new Node(data, first);
first = p;
if(!n)
last = p;
n++;
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::addLast(T data) {
Node *p = new Node(data, 0);
if(!n)
first = last = p;
else {
last->next = p;
last = p;
}
n++;
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::removeFirst() {
T a = 0;
if(!n)
throw "Can't retrieve element from empty list!";
a = first->getData();
Node *p = first->next;
delete first;
first = p;
n--;
return a;
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::removeLast() {
T a = 0;
if(!n)
throw "Can't retrieve element from empty list!";
if(n == 1) {
a = last->getData();
delete first;
first = last = 0;
}
else {
a = last->getData();
Node *p = first;
while(p->next->next != 0)
p = p->next;
delete p->next;
p->next = 0;
last = p;
}
n--;
return a;
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::getFirst() {
if(n < 1)
throw "Can't retrieve element from empty list!";
return first->getData();
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::getLast() {
if(n < 1)
throw "Can't retrieve element from empty list!";
return last->getData();
}
template <typename T>
Node<T>* LinkedList<T>::getFirstNode() const {
return first;
}
template <typename T>
int LinkedList<T>::size() {
return n;
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::getAt(int pos) {
if(pos >= n)
throw "Element index out of bounds!";
Node *temp = first;
while(pos > 0) {
temp = temp->next;
pos--;
}
return temp->getData();
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::clear() {
Node *current = first;
while(current) {
Node *next = current->next;
delete current;
if(next)
current = next;
else
current = 0;
}
}
template <typename T>
void LinkedList<T>::addAt(int pos, T data) {
if(pos >= n)
throw "Element index out of bounds!";
if(pos == 0)
addFirst(data);
else {
Node *temp = first;
while(pos > 1) {
temp = temp->next;
pos--;
}
Node *p = new Node(data, temp->next);
temp-> next = p;
n++;
}
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::removeAt(int pos) {
if(pos >= n)
throw "Element index out of bounds!";
if(pos == 0)
return removeFirst();
if(pos == n - 1)
return removeLast();
else {
Node *p = first;
while(pos > 1) {
p = p->next;
pos--;
}
T a = p->next->getData();
Node *temp = p->next;
p->next = p->next->next;
delete temp;
n--;
return a;
}
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>::~LinkedList() {
clear();
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>& LinkedList<T>::operator=(const LinkedList<T> &right) {
if(this != &right) {
n = 0;
first = 0;
last = 0;
Node *temp = right.first;
while(temp) {
addLast(temp->getData());
temp = temp->getNext();
}
}
return *this;
}
template <typename T>
T LinkedList<T>::operator[](int i) {
return getAt(i);
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>& LinkedList<T>::operator+(const LinkedList<T> &right) {
Node *temp = right.first;
while(temp) {
addLast(temp->getData());
temp = temp->getNext();
}
return *this;
}
template <typename T>
LinkedList<T>& LinkedList<T>::operator+=(const LinkedList<T> &right) {
Node *temp = right.first;
while(temp) {
addLast(temp->getData());
temp = temp->getNext();
}
return *this;
}
template <typename T>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, const LinkedList<T> &ll) {
Node *temp = ll.getFirstNode();
while(temp) {
os<<temp->getData()<<std::endl;
temp = temp->getNext();
}
return os;
}
#endif
Node.h
#ifndef NODE_H
#define NODE_H
template <typename T>
class Node {
private:
T data;
public:
Node<T>* next;
T getData();
Node<T>* getNext();
Node(T data, Node<T>* next);
Node(const Node & n);
};
template <typename T>
T Node<T>::getData() {
return data;
}
template <typename T>
Node<T>* Node<T>::getNext() {
return next;
}
template <typename T>
Node<T>::Node(T data, Node<T>* next) {
this->data = data;
this->next = next;
}
template <typename T>
Node<T>::Node(const Node & n) {
data = n.data;
next = n.next;
}
#endif
List.h
#ifndef LIST_H
#define LIST_H
class List
{
public:
virtual void addFirst(int data) = 0;
virtual void addAt(int pos, int data) = 0;
virtual void addLast(int data) = 0;
virtual int getFirst()= 0;
virtual int getAt(int pos) = 0;
virtual int getLast()= 0;
virtual int removeFirst()= 0;
virtual int removeAt(int pos) = 0;
virtual int removeLast()= 0;
virtual int size() = 0;
virtual void clear() = 0;
virtual ~List() {};
};
#endif
爲此,我得到LNK2019和LNK1120鏈接錯誤。我知道我在分離的.h和.cpp文件中實現Queue時習慣這樣做。但是通過在標題中做所有事情來解決它。我也知道這可能發生在沒有實現一個命名方法的時候,但我在這裏找不到這些。那麼這是什麼原因造成的?我希望編譯器/ IDE能指出我錯誤的可能原因。但是再次,如果找到錯誤的線路是一件容易的事情,我認爲它已經做到了。 VS 2012 btw。
它會幫助我們查看錯誤。 – 2013-03-27 13:07:44
推測,鏈接器會告訴你哪些符號未解析。這應該指向你(或者我們,如果你告訴我們它們是什麼)的錯誤原因。 – 2013-03-27 13:08:41
* real *錯誤,不僅僅是LNK2019和LNK1120,這對Linux用戶也沒有任何意義。 – 2013-03-27 13:08:43