在空字典中連接元組

Question

errors = {} 

#errorexample 
errors['id'] += ('error1',) 
errors['id'] += ('error2',) 

#works but ugly 
errors['id'] = ('error1',) 
errors['id'] += ('error2',) 

如果'error1'不存在，將失敗。我真的必須擴展字典嗎？

Answer 1

使用collections.defaultdict，而不是一個簡單的dict - 這種方便，畢竟，正是默認快譯通型中引入了：

>>> import collections 
>>> errors = collections.defaultdict(tuple) 
>>> errors['id'] += ('error1',) 
>>> errors['id'] += ('error2',) 
>>> errors['id'] 
('error1', 'error2') 

Answer 2

import collections 
errors = collections.defaultdict(tuple) 

Answer 3

>>> from collections import defaultdict 
>>> errors = defaultdict (tuple) 
>>> errors['id'] += ('blargh',) 
>>> errors['id'] 
('blargh',)