Python：從功能中追加一個實例屬性

Question

我想寫一個基本的紙牌遊戲的樂趣，但試圖儘可能多地適用於未來的紙牌遊戲。這裏是我的代碼。

decks = [ ] 
players = [ ] 

class Player: 
global players 
def __init__(self, name): 
    self.hand = [ ] 
    self.name = '' 
    self.score = 0 
    self.name = 'playerX' 
    self.score = 0 
    players.append(name) 


class Deck: 
    global decks 
    global players 

def __init__(self, name): 
    self.SUITS = [ 'C', 'D', 'H', 'S' ] 
    self.RANKS = [ '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A' ] 
    self.deck = [ ] 
    for r in self.RANKS: 
     for s in self.SUITS: 
      self.deck.append((r, s)) 
    decks.append(name) 

def shuffle(self): 
    shuffle(self.deck) 

def display(self): 
    for e in range(0, len(self.deck), 4): 
     for i in self.deck[e:e+4]: 
      print i, 
     print 

def dealXtoOne(number, deck, player): 
    ''' number of cards from a deck to named player''' 
    if len(deck.deck) >= number: 
     for n in range(0, number): 
      player.hand.append(deck.deck.pop()) 
      print 'Player1 hand: ', p1.hand 
    else: 
     return 'Insufficient cards in the deck.' 

def dealXtoEach(number, deck): 
    ''' number of cards from a deck to each player''' 
    global players 
    print 'debug 0' 
    if len(deck.deck) >= number*len(players): 
     print 'debug 1' 
     for cards in range(0, number*len(players)): 
      print 'debug 2' 
      for player in players: 
       print 'debug 3' 
       print player 
       print player.hand 
       player.hand.append(deck.deck.pop()) 
       print player.hand 
    else: 
     return 'Insufficient cards in the deck.' 



def value(card): 
    if card[ 0 ] == 'J': return 11 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'Q': return 12 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'K': return 13 
     elif card[ 0 ] == 'A': return 14 
     else: return card[ 0 ] 

def topCard(deck): 
    return deck.deck[ -1 ] 

def color(card): 
    if card[ 1 ] in [ 'Diamonds', 'Hearts' ]: 
     return 'Red' 
    else: 
     return 'Black' 


p1 = Player('p1') 
p2 = Player('p2') 
d = Deck('d') 

d.display() 
print p1.hand 
dealXtoOne(3, d, p1) 
d.display() 
print p1.hand 
dealXtoEach(3, d) 
d.display() 

我敢肯定它是垃圾，它顯然是一項正在進行的工作，但我自學編程。對不起，如果你的眼睛流血！

因此，將X卡交給一個玩家可以正常工作，但是將X卡交給N個玩家都行不通。這裏是我的輸出：

('2', 'C') ('2', 'D') ('2', 'H') ('2', 'S') 
('3', 'C') ('3', 'D') ('3', 'H') ('3', 'S') 
... 
('K', 'C') ('K', 'D') ('K', 'H') ('K', 'S') 
('A', 'C') ('A', 'D') ('A', 'H') ('A', 'S') 
[] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S')] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H')] 
Player1 hand: [('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H'), ('A', 'D')] 
('2', 'C') ('2', 'D') ('2', 'H') ('2', 'S') 
... 
('K', 'C') ('K', 'D') ('K', 'H') ('K', 'S') 
('A', 'C') 
[('A', 'S'), ('A', 'H'), ('A', 'D')] 
debug 0 
debug 1 
debug 2 
debug 3 
p1 

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "C:\Users\11583\Desktop\Personal\cardgame.py", line 94, in <module> 
     dealXtoEach(3, d) 
    File "C:\Users\11583\Desktop\Personal\cardgame.py", line 60, in dealXtoEach 
     print player.hand 
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'hand' 

我可以告訴大家，它不喜歡，我想一個元組追加到由玩家全局變量的字符串表示的播放器實例的dealXtoEach函數內部參考。 Sheesh，我只是解釋它而感到困惑。

那麼我該如何解決這個問題？

感謝

Answer 1

該錯誤無關，與附加到一個元組（順便說一句，players是一個列表不是tuple-這是不可能的追加到一個元組）。

相反，嘗試更換行：

players.append(self) 

players.append(name) 

這樣，全球players名單將不包含字符串列表（你不能多用），它將包含一個Player對象（其中包含hand屬性）的列表。

---

一個額外注：全球players名單是不是真的有必要（和全局變量，通常建議不要） - 你可以只通過各地的players列表。其次，dealXToOne和dealOneToEach實際上應該是Deck類的方法。總之，這將使最後幾行看起來像：

players.append(name) 

替換爲：由於該行的

players = [p1, p2] 
d.dealXToOne(3, p1) 
d.dealXToEach(e, players) 

Answer 2

在players列表中的每個player是一個字符串，而不是一個Player對象：

players.append(self)