如何在postgreSQL中爲現有表生成「create table」sql語句

Question

我有一個在postgreSQL中創建的表。我想看看用於創建表的sql語句，但無法弄清楚。

我如何通過命令行或SQL語句得到PostgreSQL中現有的表「創建表」 sql語句？

Answer 1

pg_dump -t 'aschema.atable' --schema-only database-name 

更多信息。 - 在manual

Answer 2

我能想到的最簡單的方法是安裝pgAdmin的3（found here），並用它來查看您的數據庫時，它將自動生成一個查詢，將討論創建表

Answer 3

生成創建表statem。耳鼻喉科的表中的PostgreSQL從Linux命令行：

本聲明輸出表爲我創建的SQL語句：

pg_dump -U your_db_user_name your_database -t your_table_name --schema-only 

說明：

pg_dump的幫助我們獲得有關數據庫本身的信息。 -U代表用戶名。我的pgadmin用戶沒有設置密碼，所以我不必輸入密碼。 -t選項意味着指定一個表。 --schema-only表示僅打印關於表格的數據，而不打印表格中的數據。下面是具體的命令我使用：

pg_dump -U pgadmin kurz_prod -t fact_stock_info --schema-only 

Answer 4

我的解決辦法是登錄到Postgres的數據庫使用PSQL與-E選項如下：

psql -E -U username -d database 

在psql裏，運行以下命令看到的Postgres的SQL用來生成
的描述表語句：運行後

-- List all tables in the schema (my example schema name is public) 
\dt public.* 
-- Choose a table name from above 
-- For create table of one public.tablename 
\d+ public.tablename 

基於SQL呼應這些描述comman DS，我能夠放在一起
以下PLPGSQL功能：

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION generate_create_table_statement(p_table_name varchar) 
    RETURNS text AS 
$BODY$ 
DECLARE 
    v_table_ddl text; 
    column_record record; 
BEGIN 
    FOR column_record IN 
     SELECT 
      b.nspname as schema_name, 
      b.relname as table_name, 
      a.attname as column_name, 
      pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as column_type, 
      CASE WHEN 
       (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128) 
       FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d 
       WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) IS NOT NULL THEN 
       'DEFAULT '|| (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128) 
           FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d 
           WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) 
      ELSE 
       '' 
      END as column_default_value, 
      CASE WHEN a.attnotnull = true THEN 
       'NOT NULL' 
      ELSE 
       'NULL' 
      END as column_not_null, 
      a.attnum as attnum, 
      e.max_attnum as max_attnum 
     FROM 
      pg_catalog.pg_attribute a 
      INNER JOIN 
      (SELECT c.oid, 
       n.nspname, 
       c.relname 
       FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c 
        LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace 
       WHERE c.relname ~ ('^('||p_table_name||')$') 
       AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid) 
       ORDER BY 2, 3) b 
      ON a.attrelid = b.oid 
      INNER JOIN 
      (SELECT 
        a.attrelid, 
        max(a.attnum) as max_attnum 
       FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a 
       WHERE a.attnum > 0 
       AND NOT a.attisdropped 
       GROUP BY a.attrelid) e 
      ON a.attrelid=e.attrelid 
     WHERE a.attnum > 0 
      AND NOT a.attisdropped 
     ORDER BY a.attnum 
    LOOP 
     IF column_record.attnum = 1 THEN 
      v_table_ddl:='CREATE TABLE '||column_record.schema_name||'.'||column_record.table_name||' ('; 
     ELSE 
      v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||','; 
     END IF; 

     IF column_record.attnum <= column_record.max_attnum THEN 
      v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||chr(10)|| 
        ' '||column_record.column_name||' '||column_record.column_type||' '||column_record.column_default_value||' '||column_record.column_not_null; 
     END IF; 
    END LOOP; 

    v_table_ddl:=v_table_ddl||');'; 
    RETURN v_table_ddl; 
END; 
$BODY$ 
    LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' COST 100.0 SECURITY INVOKER; 

下面是函數用法：

SELECT generate_create_table_statement('tablename'); 

這裏是如果你不想要這個功能下降聲明永久堅持：

DROP FUNCTION generate_create_table_statement(p_table_name varchar); 

Answer 5

如果你想在一次各種表格做到這一點，你MEED使用了-t開關多次（我花了一段ŧ o找出爲什麼逗號分隔列表不工作）。此外，可能是有用的另送機

pg_dump -t table1 -t table2 database_name --schema-only > dump.sql 

pg_dump -t table1 -t table2 database_name --schema-only | psql -h server_name database_name 

Answer 6

這對結果的OUTFILE或管道的Postgres的服務器是對我的作品的變化：

pg_dump -U user_viktor -h localhost unit_test_database -t floorplanpreferences_table --schema-only

此外，如果您「再使用模式，當然你需要指定還有：

pg_dump -U user_viktor -h localhost unit_test_database -t "949766e0-e81e-11e3-b325-1cc1de32fcb6".floorplanpreferences_table --schema-only

你會得到一個可以用來再次創建表的輸出，只需在psql中運行該輸出即可。

Answer 7

如果你想找到一個表的創建語句中不使用的pg_dump，該查詢可能會爲你工作（其他城市「表名」以您的表稱爲）：

SELECT           
    'CREATE TABLE ' || relname || E'\n(\n' || 
    array_to_string(
    array_agg(
     ' ' || column_name || ' ' || type || ' '|| not_null 
    ) 
    , E',\n' 
) || E'\n);\n' 
from 
(
    SELECT 
    c.relname, a.attname AS column_name, 
    pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as type, 
    case 
     when a.attnotnull 
    then 'NOT NULL' 
    else 'NULL' 
    END as not_null 
    FROM pg_class c, 
    pg_attribute a, 
    pg_type t 
    WHERE c.relname = 'tablename' 
    AND a.attnum > 0 
    AND a.attrelid = c.oid 
    AND a.atttypid = t.oid 
ORDER BY a.attnum 
) as tabledefinition 
group by relname; 

當在psql直接調用，它是usefult做：

\pset linestyle old-ascii 

此外，功能generate_create_table_statement在這個線程工作得非常好。

Answer 8

這是shekwi的query的改進版本。
它生成主鍵約束，能夠處理臨時表：

with pkey as 
(
    select cc.conrelid, format(E', 
    constraint %I primary key(%s)', cc.conname, 
     string_agg(a.attname, ', ' 
      order by array_position(cc.conkey, a.attnum))) pkey 
    from pg_catalog.pg_constraint cc 
     join pg_catalog.pg_class c on c.oid = cc.conrelid 
     join pg_catalog.pg_attribute a on a.attrelid = cc.conrelid 
      and a.attnum = any(cc.conkey) 
    where cc.contype = 'p' 
    group by cc.conrelid, cc.conname 
) 
select format(E'create %stable %s%I\n(\n%s%s\n);\n', 
    case c.relpersistence when 't' then 'temporary ' else '' end, 
    case c.relpersistence when 't' then '' else n.nspname || '.' end, 
    c.relname, 
    string_agg(
     format(E'\t%I %s%s', 
      a.attname, 
      pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod), 
      case when a.attnotnull then ' not null' else '' end 
     ), E',\n' 
     order by a.attnum 
    ), 
    (select pkey from pkey where pkey.conrelid = c.oid)) as sql 
from pg_catalog.pg_class c 
    join pg_catalog.pg_namespace n on n.oid = c.relnamespace 
    join pg_catalog.pg_attribute a on a.attrelid = c.oid and a.attnum > 0 
    join pg_catalog.pg_type t on a.atttypid = t.oid 
where c.relname = :table_name 
group by c.oid, c.relname, c.relpersistence, n.nspname; 

使用table_name參數指定表的名稱。

Answer 9

pg_dump -h XXXXXXXXXXX.us-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com -U anyuser -t tablename -s 

Answer 10

在pgadminIII數據庫>> >>模式>>表右鍵單擊 '你的表' >>腳本>> '選擇任意一個（創建，插入，更新，刪除..）'

Answer 11

下面是一些編輯查詢，

select 'CREATE TABLE ' || a.attrelid::regclass::text || '(' || 
string_agg(a.attname || ' ' || pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, 
a.atttypmod)|| 
     CASE WHEN 
      (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128) 
      FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d 
      WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) IS NOT NULL THEN 
      ' DEFAULT '|| (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid) for 128) 
          FROM pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d 
          WHERE d.adrelid = a.attrelid AND d.adnum = a.attnum AND a.atthasdef) 
     ELSE 
      '' END 
|| 
     CASE WHEN a.attnotnull = true THEN 
      ' NOT NULL' 
     ELSE 
      '' END,E'\n,') || ');' 
FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a join pg_class on a.attrelid=pg_class.oid 
WHERE a.attrelid::regclass::varchar = 
'TABLENAME_with_or_without_schema' 
AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped and pg_class.relkind='r' 
group by a.attrelid;