將EF5數據遷移到SQL Azure數據庫後，查詢失敗並出現「無效列」錯誤

Question

我在Visual Studio 2012的程序包管理器控制檯中修改了用戶類並創建了數據遷移。數據遷移包括以下腳本：

  CreateTable(
      "dbo.Users", 
      c => new 
       { 
        Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true), 
        Username = c.String(nullable: false), 
        Comment = c.String(), 
        EmailAddress = c.String(maxLength: 64), 
        Identifier = c.String(), 
        IsApproved = c.Boolean(nullable: false), 
        PasswordFailuresSinceLastSuccess = c.Int(nullable: false), 
        LastPasswordFailureDate = c.DateTime(), 
        LastActivityDate = c.DateTime(), 
        LastLockoutDate = c.DateTime(), 
        LastLoginDate = c.DateTime(), 
        ConfirmationToken = c.String(), 
        CreateDate = c.DateTime(), 
        IsLockedOut = c.Boolean(nullable: false), 
        LastPasswordChangedDate = c.DateTime(), 
        PasswordVerificationToken = c.String(), 
        PasswordVerificationTokenExpirationDate = c.DateTime(), 
        PersonId = c.Int(nullable: false), 
        OwnerId = c.Int(nullable: false), 
        EffectiveDate = c.DateTime(nullable: false), 
        ExpirationDate = c.DateTime(), 
        CreationDate = c.DateTime(nullable: false), 
        UpdatedDate = c.DateTime(nullable: false), 
        Creator = c.String(nullable: false), 
        Updater = c.String(nullable: false), 
        AlertConfiguration_Id = c.Int(), 
       }) 
      .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id) 
      .ForeignKey("dbo.People", t => t.PersonId, cascadeDelete: false) 
      .ForeignKey("dbo.AlertConfigurations", t => t.AlertConfiguration_Id) 
      .Index(t => t.PersonId) 
      .Index(t => t.AlertConfiguration_Id); 

運行遷移後，在數據庫中成功創建了用戶表，並指定了所有列。然而，隨後的查詢到數據庫生成以下錯誤：

Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Invalid column name 'OwnerId'. 
Invalid column name 'EffectiveDate'. 
Invalid column name 'ExpirationDate'. 
Invalid column name 'CreationDate'. 
Invalid column name 'UpdatedDate'. 
Invalid column name 'Creator'. 
Invalid column name 'Updater'. 

用戶類從AuditableClass，這是這樣定義繼承：

public abstract class AuditableClass 
    { 
     public AuditableClass() 
     { 
      this.CreationDate = System.DateTime.Now; 
     } 

     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public int Id { get; set; } 

     [Required(ErrorMessage = "An owner ID is required")] 
     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public int OwnerId { get; set; } 

     [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)] 
     [Display(Name = "Effective Date")] 
     [Required(ErrorMessage = "An effective date is required")] 
     [DataType(DataType.Date)] 
     public DateTime? EffectiveDate { get; set; } 

     [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)] 
     [Display(Name = "Expiration Date")] 
     [DataType(DataType.Date)] 
     public DateTime? ExpirationDate { get; set; } 

     [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)] 
     [Required(ErrorMessage = "An creation date is required")] 
     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public DateTime? CreationDate { get; set; } 

     [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)] 
     [Required(ErrorMessage = "A last update date is required")] 
     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public DateTime? UpdatedDate { get; set; } 

     [Required(ErrorMessage = "An creator is required")] 
     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public string Creator { get; set; } 

     [Required(ErrorMessage = "A last updater is required")] 
     [ScaffoldColumn(false)] 
     public string Updater { get; set; } 
    } 

這裏是用戶類：

public class User : AuditableClass 
    { 
     [Required] 
     public virtual String Username { get; set; } 

     [DataType(DataType.MultilineText)] 
     public virtual String Comment { get; set; } 

     [Display(Name = "Email Address")] 
     [StringLength(64)] 
     public string EmailAddress { get; set; } 

     public string Identifier { get; set; } 
     public Boolean IsApproved { get; set; } 
     public int PasswordFailuresSinceLastSuccess { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? LastPasswordFailureDate { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? LastActivityDate { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? LastLockoutDate { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? LastLoginDate { get; set; } 
     public String ConfirmationToken { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? CreateDate { get; set; } 
     public Boolean IsLockedOut { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? LastPasswordChangedDate { get; set; } 
     public String PasswordVerificationToken { get; set; } 
     public DateTime? PasswordVerificationTokenExpirationDate { get; set; } 
     public virtual List<Role> Roles { get; set; } 
     public virtual List<myApp.Models.Parties.Org> AuthorizedOrgs { get; set; } 
     public virtual List<myApp.Models.Security.Permission> Permissions { get; set; } 

     public int PersonId { get; set; } 
     public virtual Person Person { get; set; } 
} 

作爲System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException異常主題的列都從AuditableClass繼承。

如何讓實體框架識別繼承的列？

Answer 1

發現問題，它是User對象包含一個Roles集合，它在用戶實例化時在運行時動態加載。與Role類相對應的Roles表最初也是安全性模式的一部分，並且在Users表被移動的同時已被移至事務模式。 Roles表是使用軟件包管理器控制檯的自動數據遷移功能創建的。此功能創建了表，但錯過了繼承的列（角色也從AuditableClass繼承）。

創建數據遷移，然後輸入代碼以手動創建自動遷移錯過的列解決了問題。

下面是遷移的代碼，解決了這個問題：

public partial class UpdateRoles : DbMigration 
{ 
    public override void Up() 
    { 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "OwnerId", c => c.Int(nullable: false)); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "EffectiveDate", c => c.DateTime(nullable: false)); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "ExpirationDate", c => c.DateTime()); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "CreationDate", c => c.DateTime(nullable: false)); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "UpdatedDate", c => c.DateTime(nullable: false)); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "Creator", c => c.String(nullable: false, defaultValue: "myusername")); 
     AddColumn("dbo.Roles", "Updater", c => c.String(nullable: false, defaultValue: "myusername")); 
    } 

    public override void Down() 
    { 
    } 
}