如何設置服務器進行部署並使用Capistrano進行冷部署？

Question

deploy:setup的正確方法是什麼，並與Capistrano進行冷配置？

使用

• this deploy.rb
• Capistrano的v2.14.2
• 流浪虛擬化我的服務器，

這是我的情景：

1. 運行時，Capistrano的利用的根特權準備的目錄結構進行部署：還

   $ cap deploy:setup 
       * 2013-02-28 14:50:21 executing `deploy:setup' 
       * executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' mkdir -p /home/vagrant/example /home/vagrant/example/releases /home/vagrant/example/shared /home/vagrant/example/shared/system /home/vagrant/example/shared/log /home/vagrant/example/shared/pids" 
       servers: ["example.com"] 
       [example.com] executing command 
       command finished in 29ms 
       * executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' chmod g+w /home/vagrant/example /home/vagrant/example/releases /home/vagrant/example/shared /home/vagrant/example/shared/system /home/vagrant/example/shared/log /home/vagrant/example/shared/pids" 
       servers: ["example.com"] 
       [example.com] executing command 
       command finished in 11ms 
   

2. 在deploy:cold Capistrano的嘗試檢出（從GIT中在這種情況下）和寫爲vagrant用戶 - 在deploy.rb指定的用戶：

   $ cap deploy:cold 
       * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:cold' 
       * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:update' 
   ** transaction: start 
       * 2013-02-28 14:50:47 executing `deploy:update_code' 
       updating the cached checkout on all servers 
       executing locally: "git ls-remote git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git master" 
       command finished in 2360ms 
       * executing "if [ -d /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy ]; then cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git fetch -q origin && git fetch --tags -q origin && git reset -q --hard a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59 && git clean -q -d -x -f; else git clone -q git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git checkout -q -b deploy a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59; fi" 
       servers: ["example.com"] 
       [example.com] executing command 
   ** [example.com :: out] fatal: could not create work tree dir '/home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy'.: Permission denied 
       command finished in 26ms 
   *** [deploy:update_code] rolling back 
       * executing "rm -rf /home/vagrant/example/releases/20130228195049; true" 
       servers: ["example.com"] 
       [example.com] executing command 
       command finished in 7ms 
   failed: "sh -c 'if [ -d /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy ]; then cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git fetch -q origin && git fetch --tags -q origin && git reset -q --hard a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59 && git clean -q -d -x -f; else git clone -q git@github.com:mariusbutuc/realtime-faye.git /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && cd /home/vagrant/example/shared/cached-copy && git checkout -q -b deploy a7c05516bc31c2c18f89057c02f84bfad83a6b59; fi'" on example.com 
   

3. 當然，deploy:check報告剝開沒有驚喜：vagrant用戶不能在deploy:setup創建的目錄寫，因爲這兩個用戶都屬於二fferent羣體 - root:root與vagrant:vagrant：

   $ cap deploy:check 
       [...] 
   The following dependencies failed. Please check them and try again: 
   --> You do not have permissions to write to `/home/vagrant/example'. (example.com) 
   --> You do not have permissions to write to `/home/vagrant/example/releases'. (example.com) 
   --> `/home/vagrant/example/shared' is not writable (example.com) 
   

這背後的理由，什麼前提是尚未滿足這樣的部署通過這個問題？

Answer 1

deploy:setup任務可能不應該使用sudo來創建應用程序目錄，因爲這很可能導致它被歸屬爲root。

你可以把它們關掉你的deploy.rb文件有：

set :use_sudo, false 

Answer 2

既然有no group setting in Capistrano我的解決方法是延長這樣的設置，例如：

set :user, 'vagrant' 
set :group, 'vagrant' 

，然後創建一個任務在運行後「修復」所有權deploy:setup：

after "deploy:setup", :setup_ownership 
task :setup_ownership do 
    run "#{sudo} chown -R #{user}:#{group} #{deploy_to} && chmod -R g+s #{deploy_to}" 
end 

但唯一比解決問題更好的方法並不在於首先，所以Stuart's answer既明智也更優雅。