Autofac - 請求的服務（lSomeDbContext）尚未註冊

Question

我一直在研究一個項目，使用OnionWebApiStarterKit作爲了解我的CQRS方法的基礎。

雖然在上述OnionWebApiStarterKit項目的WebAPI StudentsController例如僅注入IMediator，我決定了，它會更容易也注入我的自定義IApplicationUserManager中的AccountController構造鑑於其對用戶操作的嚴重依賴：

public AccountsController(
    IMediator mediator, 
    IApplicationUserManager userManager) 
{ 
    // and so on... 

} 

但是，這將產生以下錯誤：

"The requested service 'OnionWebApiStarterKit.Data.ISchoolDbContext' has not been registered."

完整堆棧跟蹤低於：

"message": "An error has occurred.", 
    "exceptionMessage": "An error occurred when trying to create a controller of type 'AccountsController'. Make sure that the controller has a parameterless public constructor.", 
    "exceptionType": "System.InvalidOperationException", 
    "stackTrace": " at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.Tracers.HttpControllerActivatorTracer.<>c__DisplayClass2.<System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.IHttpControllerActivator.Create>b__0()\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.ITraceWriterExtensions.TraceBeginEnd(ITraceWriter traceWriter, HttpRequestMessage request, String category, TraceLevel level, String operatorName, String operationName, Action`1 beginTrace, Action execute, Action`1 endTrace, Action`1 errorTrace)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.Tracers.HttpControllerActivatorTracer.System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.IHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Controllers.HttpControllerDescriptor.CreateController(HttpRequestMessage request)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.Tracers.HttpControllerDescriptorTracer.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CreateController>b__0()\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.ITraceWriterExtensions.TraceBeginEnd(ITraceWriter traceWriter, HttpRequestMessage request, String category, TraceLevel level, String operatorName, String operationName, Action`1 beginTrace, Action execute, Action`1 endTrace, Action`1 errorTrace)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Tracing.Tracers.HttpControllerDescriptorTracer.CreateController(HttpRequestMessage request)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.<SendAsync>d__1.MoveNext()", 
    "innerException": { 
    "message": "An error has occurred.", 
    "exceptionMessage": "The requested service 'OnionWebApiStarterKit.Data.ISchoolDbContext' has not been registered. To avoid this exception, either register a component to provide the service, check for service registration using IsRegistered(), or use the ResolveOptional() method to resolve an optional dependency.", 
    "exceptionType": "Autofac.Core.Registration.ComponentNotRegisteredException", 
    "stackTrace": " at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve(IComponentContext context, Type serviceType, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve[TService](IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve[TService](IComponentContext context)\r\n at OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper.IdentityModule.<>c.<Load>b__2_0(IComponentContext b) in C:\\Projects\\OnionWebApiStarterKit\\OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper\\App_Start\\IdentityModule.cs:line 33\r\n at Autofac.RegistrationExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass10`1.<Register>b__f(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Builder.RegistrationBuilder.<>c__DisplayClass1`1.<ForDelegate>b__0(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.TryResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& instance)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve(IComponentContext context, Type serviceType, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve[TService](IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.Resolve[TService](IComponentContext context)\r\n at OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper.IdentityModule.<>c.<Load>b__2_1(IComponentContext b) in C:\\Projects\\OnionWebApiStarterKit\\OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper\\App_Start\\IdentityModule.cs:line 37\r\n at Autofac.RegistrationExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass10`1.<Register>b__f(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Builder.RegistrationBuilder.<>c__DisplayClass1`1.<ForDelegate>b__0(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.TryResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& instance)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveOptionalService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveOptional(IComponentContext context, Type serviceType, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveOptional(IComponentContext context, Type serviceType)\r\n at Autofac.Integration.WebApi.AutofacWebApiDependencyScope.GetService(Type serviceType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.GetInstanceOrActivator(HttpRequestMessage request, Type controllerType, Func`1& activator)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)" 
    } 

我從我的自舉啓動類註冊我的依賴關係：

IocConfig.RegisterDependencies(app); 

我確認它得到通過設置斷點命中。下面是我註冊：

public static void RegisterDependencies(IAppBuilder app) 
     { 
      DbContextScopeExtensionConfig.Setup(); 

      // Get your HttpConfiguration. In OWIN, you'll create one 
      // rather than using GlobalConfiguration. 
      var config = new HttpConfiguration(); 

      // register Auto Mapper 
      AutoMapperConfig.Initialize(); 

      // register api routing. 
      WebApiConfig.Register(config); 

      // Run optional steps, like registering filters, 
      // per-controller-type services, etc. 

      var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); 

      // Register Web API controller in executing assembly. 
       builder.RegisterApiControllers(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.WebApi")); 

      //Helper nuget for managing the DbContext lifetime in Entity Framework. Please see: http://mehdi.me/ambient-dbcontext-in-ef6/ 
      builder.RegisterType<DbContextScopeFactory>().As<IDbContextScopeFactory>().SingleInstance(); 
      builder.RegisterType<AmbientDbContextLocator>().As<IAmbientDbContextLocator>().SingleInstance(); 

      // Registers our IMediator (abstraction for observer pattern, which lets us use CQRS) 
      builder.RegisterModule(new MediatorModule(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Services"))); 

      // Registers our Fluent Validations that we use on our Models 
      builder.RegisterModule(new FluentValidationModule(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.WebApi"), Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Services"))); 

      // Registers our AutoMapper Profiles 
      builder.RegisterModule(new AutoMapperModule(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.WebApi"), Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Services"))); 

      // Registers our ASP.NET Identity custom classes. 
      builder.RegisterModule(new IdentityModule(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Data"), Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Core"))); 

      // Set the dependency resolver to be Autofac. 
      var container = builder.Build(); 

      // helps view registered autofac dependencies. 
      // container.IsRegistered(); 

      config.DependencyResolver = new AutofacWebApiDependencyResolver(container); 

      // Register the Autofac middleware FIRST, then the Autofac Web API middleware, 
      // and finally the standard Web API middleware. 
      app.UseAutofacMiddleware(container); 
      app.UseAutofacWebApi(config); 
      app.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll); // Enables crossdomain requests 
      app.UseWebApi(config); 

     } 

在上面的文件，下面的模塊處理身份登記，這IApplicationUserManager是部分：

// Registers our ASP.NET Identity custom classes. 
      builder.RegisterModule(new IdentityModule(Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Data"), Assembly.Load("OnionWebApiStarterKit.Core"))); 

這裏是怎麼我的身份的東西被註冊：

public IdentityModule(params System.Reflection.Assembly[] assembliesToScan) 
      : base() 
     { 
      _assembliesToScan = assembliesToScan; 
     } 

     protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder) 
     { 

       builder.RegisterType(typeof(ApplicationUserManager)).As(typeof(IApplicationUserManager)).InstancePerRequest(); 
       builder.RegisterType(typeof(ApplicationRoleManager)).As(typeof(IApplicationRoleManager)).InstancePerRequest(); 
       builder.RegisterType(typeof(ApplicationIdentityUser)).As(typeof(IUser<int>)).InstancePerRequest(); 


       builder.Register(b => b.Resolve<ISchoolDbContext>() as DbContext).InstancePerRequest(); 

       builder.Register(b => 
       { 
        var manager = IdentityFactory.CreateUserManager(b.Resolve<DbContext>()); 

        if (Startup.DataProtectionProvider != null) 
        { 
         manager.UserTokenProvider = 
          new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationIdentityUser, int>(
           Startup.DataProtectionProvider.Create("ASP.NET Identity")); 
        } 
        return manager; 
       }).InstancePerRequest(); 

      builder.Register(b => IdentityFactory.CreateRoleManager(b.Resolve<DbContext>())).InstancePerRequest(); 

      builder.Register(b => HttpContext.Current.Request.GetOwinContext().Authentication).InstancePerRequest(); 

     } 

正如您所看到的，ISchoolDbContext明確註冊在此行：

builder.Register(b => b.Resolve<ISchoolDbContext>() as DbContext).InstancePerRequest(); 

這是Autofac的堆棧跟蹤抱怨同一線路：

at OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper.IdentityModule.<>c.b__2_0(IComponentContext b) in C:\Projects\OnionWebApiStarterKit\OnionWebApiStarterKit.Bootstrapper\App_Start\IdentityModule.cs:line 33

我有點難倒，爲什麼體內注射IApplicationUserManager告訴我，我還沒有註冊我的ISchoolDbContext？

謝謝。

UPDATE

它看起來像我沒有掃描我的傳入組件的IdentityModule。 所以，我已經更新了我的代碼相應：

// Register our UserManager 
      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(_assembliesToScan) 
       .As<IApplicationUserManager>().InstancePerRequest(); 

      //// Register our RoleManager 
      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(_assembliesToScan) 
       .As<IApplicationRoleManager>().InstancePerRequest(); 

      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(_assembliesToScan) 
       .As<IUser<int>>().InstancePerRequest(); 

Answer 1

我假設你有你的數據庫操作的持久層或類似的類庫。 你是否註冊過該程序集中的所有類型？像下面這樣：

  var assembly = typeof(DbContextScopeFactory).Assembly; 
      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assembly).AsImplementedInterfaces(); 

      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assembly) 
        .Where(t => t.Name.StartsWith("SomeInterface")) 
        .AsImplementedInterfaces(); 
      builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assembly) 
        .Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith("DbContext")) 
        .AsImplementedInterfaces();