批次：如何從一個CSV文件

Question

刪除所有空列我有一個CSV文件中像這樣：

P,PC,,PL,B,15feb16,P,Bay,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,,,,,,11,14,138,14,16,993.42,-12,-84,-12,,,,,,,,,17,2,-10,0,0,1,1,16:05:53,15FEB16 
P,PC,,PL,I,1FEB-16,P,In,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,,,,,,25,5,32,5,5,-29.7,-24,-168,-24,,,,,,,,,520,14,-10,0,0,1,1,10-MAY-201606:05:53,15-FEB-16 
P,PC,,PC,S,15FEB16,P,Su,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,,,,,,6,5,32,56,5,4.65,0,0,0,,,,,,,,,546,0,0,0,0,1,1,10-MAY-201606:05:53,15-FEB-16 

我寫的代碼是：

@echo off 
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion 
for /F "delims=" %%a in (C:\Pca.csv) do (
    set line=%%a 
    set line=!line:,,=, ,! 
    set line=!line:,,=, ,! 
    for /F "tokens=1,2,3* delims=," %%i in (^"!line!^") do (
     echo %%i,%%l>>C:\P.csv 
    ) 
) 

但只刪除第二列和第三列，不管它是空的還是包含數據。

樣本輸出文件應該是這樣的：

P,PC,PL,B,15feb16,P,Bay,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,11,14,138,14,16,993.42,-12,-84,-12,17,2,-10,0,0,1,1,16:05:53,15FEB16 
P,PC,PL,I,1FEB-16,P,In,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,25,5,32,5,5,-29.7,-24,-168,-24,520,14,-10,0,0,1,1,10-MAY-201606:05:53,15-FEB-16 
P,PC,PC,S,15FEB16,P,Su,RP,15-FEB-16,22-FEB-16,7,6,5,32,56,5,4.65,0,0,0,546,0,0,0,0,1,1,10-MAY-201606:05:53,15-FEB-16 

Answer 1

這是一個非常全面和自適應的腳本，用於從CSV格式的數據中刪除空行。

---

中所示的代碼之前，讓我們來看看當/?叫時顯示的幫助消息：

"del-empty-cols-from-csv.bat" 

This script removes any empty columns from CSV-formatted data. A column is con- 
sidered as empty if the related fields in all rows are empty, unless the switch 
/H is given, in which case the first line (so the header) is evaluated only. 
Notice that fields containing white-spaces only are not considered as empty. 


USAGE: 

    del-empty-cols-from-csv.bat [/?] [/H] csv_in [csv_out] 

    /?  displays this help message; 
    /H  specifies to regard the header only, that is the very first row, 
      to determine which columns are considered as empty; if NOT given, 
      the whole data, hence all rows, are taken into account instead; 
    csv_in CSV data file to process, that is, to remove empty columns of; 
      these data must be correctly formatted CSV data, using the comma as 
      separator and the quotation mark as text delimiter; regard that 
      literal quotation marks must be doubled; there are some additional 
      restrictions: the data must not contain any line-breaks; neither 
      must they contain any asterisks nor question marks; 
    csv_out CSV data file to write the return data to; this must not be equal 
      to csv_in; note that an already existing file will be overwritten 
      without prompt; if not given, the data is displayed on the console; 

---

正如你可以看到，有兩種操作模式：標準（無開關）和標題模式（開關/H）。

鑑於以下CSV數據送入腳本...：

A, ,C, ,E,F 
1, , ,4,5, 
1, , , ,5, 
1, ,3,4, , 

...在標準模式下返回CSV數據看起來就像是...：

A,C, ,E,F 
1, ,4,5, 
1, , ,5, 
1,3,4, , 

...並且在報頭模式（/H）返回的CSV數據看起來像：

A,C,E,F 
1, ,5, 
1, ,5, 
1,3, , 

提醒的是，在上述採樣數據的空間必須實際不存在於文件;爲了更好地說明上述操作模式，他們剛插入此處。

---

現在，這是完整的代碼：

@echo off 
setlocal EnableExtensions DisableDelayedExpansion 

set "OPT_HEAD=%~1" 
if "%OPT_HEAD%"=="/?" (
    goto :MSG_HELP 
) else if /I "%OPT_HEAD%"=="/H" (
    shift 
) else if "%OPT_HEAD:~,1%"=="/" (
    set "OPT_HEAD=" 
    shift 
) else set "OPT_HEAD=" 

set "CSV_IN=%~1" 
if not defined CSV_IN (
    >&2 echo ERROR: no input file specified! 
    exit /B 1 
) 
set "CSV_OUT=%~2" 
if not defined CSV_OUT set "CSV_OUT=con" 

for /F "delims==" %%V in ('2^> nul set CELL[') do set "%%V=" 
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion 
if not defined OPT_HEAD (
    for /F %%C in ('^< "!CSV_IN!" find /C /V ""') do set "NUM=%%C" 
) else set /A NUM=1 
set /A LIMIT=0 
< "!CSV_IN!" (
    for /L %%L in (1,1,%NUM%) do (
     set /P "LINE=" 
     call :PROCESS LINE LINE || exit /B !ErrorLevel! 
     set /A COUNT=0 
     for %%C in (!LINE!) do (
      set /A COUNT+=1 
      if not defined CELL[!COUNT!] set "CELL[!COUNT!]=%%~C" 
      if !LIMIT! LSS !COUNT! set /A LIMIT=COUNT 
     ) 
    ) 
) 
set "PAD=" & for /L %%I in (2,1,!LIMIT!) do set "PAD=!PAD!," 
> "!CSV_OUT!" (
    for /F usebackq^ delims^=^ eol^= %%L in ("!CSV_IN!") do (
     setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion 
     set "LINE=%%L%PAD%" 
     set "ROW=" 
     set /A COUNT=0 
     setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion 
     call :PROCESS LINE LINE || exit /B !ErrorLevel! 
     for %%C in (!LINE!) do (
      endlocal 
      set "CELL=%%C" 
      set /A COUNT+=1 
      setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion 
      if !COUNT! LEQ !LIMIT! (
       if defined CELL[!COUNT!] (
        for /F delims^=^ eol^= %%R in ("!ROW!,!CELL!") do (
         endlocal 
         set "ROW=%%R" 
        ) 
       ) else (
        endlocal 
       ) 
      ) else (
       endlocal 
      ) 


      setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion 
     ) 
     if defined ROW set "ROW=!ROW:~1!" 
     call :RESTORE ROW ROW || exit /B !ErrorLevel! 
     echo(!ROW! 
     endlocal 
     endlocal 
    ) 
) 
endlocal 

endlocal 
exit /B 


:PROCESS var_return var_string 
set "STRING=!%~2!" 
if defined STRING (
    set "STRING="!STRING:,=","!"" 
    if not "!STRING!"=="!STRING:**=!" goto :ERR_CHAR 
    if not "!STRING!"=="!STRING:*?=!" goto :ERR_CHAR 
) 
set "%~1=!STRING!" 
exit /B 


:RESTORE var_return var_string 
set "STRING=!%~2!" 
if "!STRING:~,1!"==^""" set "STRING=!STRING:~1!" 
if "!STRING:~-1!"==""^" set "STRING=!STRING:~,-1!" 
if defined STRING (
    set "STRING=!STRING:","=,!" 
) 
set "%~1=!STRING!" 
exit /B 


:ERR_CHAR 
endlocal 
>&2 echo ERROR: `*` and `?` are not allowed! 
exit /B 1 


:MSG_HELP 
echo(
echo("%~nx0" 
echo(
echo(This script removes any empty columns from CSV-formatted data. A column is con- 
echo(sidered as empty if the related fields in all rows are empty, unless the switch 
echo(/H is given, in which case the first line ^(so the header^) is evaluated only. 
echo(Notice that fields containing white-spaces only are not considered as empty. 
echo(
echo(
echo(USAGE: 
echo(
echo( %~nx0 [/?] [/H] csv_in [csv_out] 
echo(
echo( /?  displays this help message; 
echo( /H  specifies to regard the header only, that is the very first row, 
echo(   to determine which columns are considered as empty; if NOT given, 
echo(   the whole data, hence all rows, are taken into account instead; 
echo( csv_in CSV data file to process, that is, to remove empty columns of; 
echo(   these data must be correctly formatted CSV data, using the comma as 
echo(   separator and the quotation mark as text delimiter; regard that 
echo(   literal quotation marks must be doubled; there are some additional 
echo(   restrictions: the data must not contain any line-breaks; neither 
echo(   must they contain any asterisks nor question marks; 
echo( csv_out CSV data file to write the return data to; this must not be equal 
echo(   to csv_in; note that an already existing file will be overwritten 
echo(   without prompt; if not given, the data is displayed on the console; 
echo(
exit /B 

Answer 2

假設，你原來csv看起來是這樣的：

id_users,,,quantity,,date 
1,,,1,,2013 
1,,,1,,2013 
2,,,1,,2013 

那麼這個單行應該解決您的要求：

(for /f "tokens=1-3 delims=," %%a in (c:\pca.csv) do echo %%a,%%b,%%c)>c:\p.csv 

導致：

id_users,quantity,date 
1,1,2013 
1,1,2013 
2,1,2013 

訣竅是：連續的分隔符被當作一個。

編輯：另一種方法，因爲它證明，有比原來的問題顯示更多的colums。

@echo off 
break>out.txt 
for /F "delims=" %%a in (c:\pca.csv) do call :shorten "%%a" 
goto :eof 

:shorten 
    set "line=%~1" 
:remove 
    set "line=%line:,,=,%" 
    echo %line%|find ",,">nul && goto :remove 
    echo %line%>>c:\p.csv 

break>c:\p.csv：創建OUTPUTFILE（覆蓋如果存在）
與一種替代兩個連續的逗號;
重複，如果還有連續的逗號。
將結果行寫入outfile。